Hi Peter.
Does the coreboot code communicate something to the OS driver already?
Yes, there is an ACPI entry which reports current timings in dw_i2c_acpi_write_speed_config() [1]. This code used to provide a report for all available speeds but was changed in [2]. Though I am not sure how much of the information would be used by the kernel driver at all. But at least a valid reporting should be something coreboot delivers. The rest is up to the driver.
Werner
[1]: https://review.coreboot.org/plugins/gitiles/coreboot/+/refs/heads/master/src... [2]: https://review.coreboot.org/c/coreboot/+/34385