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[PATCH] nicintel_eeprom: Support for I210 emulated EEprom
by Ricardo Ribalda Delgado 23 Mar '17

23 Mar '17

On the I210 family there is no MAC EEprom, instead there is a big flash (typically around 16Mb) with contents of the old MAC plus other stuff. There is an interface to program the whole flash, but once it is programmed it enters a "Secure Mode" that disables the interface. Luckily, the section with the MAC can still be updated via the EEprom interface. This patch adds support for this interface. root@qt5022-fglrx:~# ./flashrom -p nicintel_eeprom:pci=01:0.0 -w kk.raw -V flashrom v0.9.9-unknown on Linux 4.10.0-qtec-standard (x86_64) flashrom is free software, get the source code at https://flashrom.org flashrom was built with libpci 3.4.1, GCC 5.3.0, little endian Command line (5 args): ./flashrom -p nicintel_eeprom:pci=01:0.0 -w kk.raw -V Calibrating delay loop... OS timer resolution is 1 usecs, 1856M loops per second, 10 myus = 10 us, 100 myus = 102 us, 1000 myus = 1017 us, 10000 myus = 10044 us, 4 myus = 4 us, OK. Initializing nicintel_eeprom programmer Found "Intel I210 Gigabit Network Connection" (8086:1533, BDF 01:00.0). Requested BAR is of type MEM, 32bit, not prefetchable Requested BAR is of type MEM, 32bit, not prefetchable The following protocols are supported: Programmer-specific. Probing for Programmer Opaque flash chip, 0 kB: Found Programmer flash chip "Opaque flash chip" (4 kB, Programmer-specific) on nicintel_eeprom. Found Programmer flash chip "Opaque flash chip" (4 kB, Programmer-specific). Reading old flash chip contents... done. Erasing and writing flash chip... Trying erase function 0... 0x000000-0x000fff:W Erase/write done. Verifying flash... VERIFIED. Signed-off-by: Ricardo Ribalda Delgado <ricardo.ribalda(a)gmail.com> --- nicintel_eeprom.c | 172 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-- 1 file changed, 166 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-) diff --git a/nicintel_eeprom.c b/nicintel_eeprom.c index b5d4202b01e0..77754f0f2534 100644 --- a/nicintel_eeprom.c +++ b/nicintel_eeprom.c @@ -25,6 +25,12 @@ * 4.7: Access to shared resources (FIXME: we should probably use this semaphore interface) * 7.4: Register Descriptions */ +/* + * Datasheet: Intel Ethernet Controller I210: Datasheet + * 8.4.3: EEPROM-Mode Read Register + * 8.4.6: EEPROM-Mode Write Register + * Write process inspired on kernel e1000_i210.c + */ #include <stdlib.h> #include <unistd.h> @@ -34,10 +40,11 @@ #include "hwaccess.h" #define PCI_VENDOR_ID_INTEL 0x8086 -#define MEMMAP_SIZE (0x14 + 3) /* Only EEC and EERD are needed. */ +#define MEMMAP_SIZE 0x1c /* Only EEC, EERD and EEWR are needed. */ #define EEC 0x10 /* EEPROM/Flash Control Register */ #define EERD 0x14 /* EEPROM Read Register */ +#define EEWR 0x18 /* EEPROM Write Register */ /* EPROM/Flash Control Register bits */ #define EE_SCK 0 @@ -49,6 +56,8 @@ #define EE_PRES 8 #define EE_SIZE 11 #define EE_SIZE_MASK 0xf +#define EE_FLUPD 23 +#define EE_FLUDONE 26 /* EEPROM Read Register bits */ #define EERD_START 0 @@ -56,11 +65,18 @@ #define EERD_ADDR 2 #define EERD_DATA 16 +/* EEPROM Write Register bits */ +#define EEWR_CMDV 0 +#define EEWR_DONE 1 +#define EEWR_ADDR 2 +#define EEWR_DATA 16 + #define BIT(x) (1<<x) #define EE_PAGE_MASK 0x3f static uint8_t *nicintel_eebar; static struct pci_dev *nicintel_pci; +static bool done_i20_write = false; #define UNPROG_DEVICE 0x1509 @@ -71,10 +87,35 @@ const struct dev_entry nics_intel_ee[] = { {PCI_VENDOR_ID_INTEL, 0x1511, NT , "Intel", "82580 Quad Gigabit Ethernet Controller (Ext. PHY)"}, {PCI_VENDOR_ID_INTEL, 0x1511, NT , "Intel", "82580 Dual Gigabit Ethernet Controller (Copper)"}, {PCI_VENDOR_ID_INTEL, UNPROG_DEVICE, OK, "Intel", "Unprogrammed 82580 Quad/Dual Gigabit Ethernet Controller"}, + {PCI_VENDOR_ID_INTEL, 0x1531, NT, "Intel", "I210 Gigabit Network Connection Unprogrammed"}, + {PCI_VENDOR_ID_INTEL, 0x1532, NT, "Intel", "I211 Gigabit Network Connection Unprogrammed"}, + {PCI_VENDOR_ID_INTEL, 0x1533, OK, "Intel", "I210 Gigabit Network Connection"}, + {PCI_VENDOR_ID_INTEL, 0x1536, NT, "Intel", "I210 Gigabit Network Connection SERDES Fiber"}, + {PCI_VENDOR_ID_INTEL, 0x1537, NT, "Intel", "I210 Gigabit Network Connection SERDES Backplane"}, + {PCI_VENDOR_ID_INTEL, 0x1538, NT, "Intel", "I210 Gigabit Network Connection SGMII"}, + {PCI_VENDOR_ID_INTEL, 0x1539, NT, "Intel", "I211 Gigabit Network Connection"}, {0}, }; -static int nicintel_ee_probe(struct flashctx *flash) +static inline bool is_i210(uint16_t device_id) +{ + return (device_id & 0xff00) == 0x1500; +} + +static int nicintel_ee_probe_i210(struct flashctx *flash) +{ + /* Emulated eeprom has a fixed size of 4 KB */ + flash->chip->total_size = 4; + flash->chip->page_size = flash->chip->total_size * 1024; + flash->chip->tested = TEST_OK_PREW; + flash->chip->gran = write_gran_1byte_implicit_erase; + flash->chip->block_erasers->eraseblocks[0].size = flash->chip->page_size; + flash->chip->block_erasers->eraseblocks[0].count = 1; + + return 1; +} + +static int nicintel_ee_probe_82580(struct flashctx *flash) { if (nicintel_pci->device_id == UNPROG_DEVICE) flash->chip->total_size = 16; /* Fall back to minimum supported size. */ @@ -103,6 +144,15 @@ static int nicintel_ee_probe(struct flashctx *flash) return 1; } +static int nicintel_ee_probe(struct flashctx *flash) +{ + if (is_i210(nicintel_pci->device_id)) + return nicintel_ee_probe_i210(flash); + + retirm nicintel_ee_probe_82580(flash); +} + +#define MAX_ATEMPTS 10000000 static int nicintel_ee_read_word(unsigned int addr, uint16_t *data) { uint32_t tmp = BIT(EERD_START) | (addr << EERD_ADDR); @@ -110,7 +160,7 @@ static int nicintel_ee_read_word(unsigned int addr, uint16_t *data) /* Poll done flag. 10.000.000 cycles seem to be enough. */ uint32_t i; - for (i = 0; i < 10000000; i++) { + for (i = 0; i < MAX_ATEMPTS; i++) { tmp = pci_mmio_readl(nicintel_eebar + EERD); if (tmp & BIT(EERD_DONE)) { *data = (tmp >> EERD_DATA) & 0xffff; @@ -151,6 +201,80 @@ static int nicintel_ee_read(struct flashctx *flash, uint8_t *buf, unsigned int a return 0; } +static int nicintel_ee_write_word_i210(struct flashctx *flash, unsigned int addr, uint16_t data) +{ + uint32_t eewr; + + eewr = (addr/2) << EEWR_ADDR; + eewr |= data << EEWR_DATA; + eewr |= BIT(EEWR_CMDV); + pci_mmio_writel(eewr, nicintel_eebar + EEWR); + + programmer_delay(5); + for (int i = 0; i < MAX_ATEMPTS; i++) + if (pci_mmio_readl(nicintel_eebar + EEWR) & BIT(EEWR_DONE)) + return 0; + return -1; +} + +static int nicintel_ee_write_i210(struct flashctx *flash, const uint8_t *buf, unsigned int addr, unsigned int len) +{ + done_i20_write = true; + + if (addr & 1) { + uint16_t data; + + if (nicintel_ee_read_word(addr-1, &data)) { + msg_perr("Timeout reading heading byte\n"); + return -1; + } + + data &= 0xff; + data |= (buf ? (buf[0]) : 0xff) << 8; + + if (nicintel_ee_write_word_i210(flash, addr-1, data)) { + msg_perr("Timeout writing heading word\n"); + return -1; + } + + if (buf) + buf ++; + addr ++; + len ++; + } + + while (len > 0) { + uint16_t data; + + if (len == 1) { + if (nicintel_ee_read_word(addr-1, &data)) { + msg_perr("Timeout reading tail byte\n"); + return -1; + } + + data &= 0xff00; + data |= buf ? (buf[0]) : 0xff; + } else { + if (buf) + data = buf[0] | (buf[1] << 8); + else + data = 0xffff; + } + + if (nicintel_ee_write_word_i210(flash, addr, data)) { + msg_perr("Timeout writing Shadow RAM\n"); + return -1; + } + + if (buf) + buf += 2;; + len -= 2; + addr += 2; + } + + return 0; +} + static int nicintel_ee_bitset(int reg, int bit, bool val) { uint32_t tmp; @@ -224,7 +348,7 @@ static int nicintel_ee_req(void) return 0; } -static int nicintel_ee_write(struct flashctx *flash, const uint8_t *buf, unsigned int addr, unsigned int len) +static int nicintel_ee_write_82580(struct flashctx *flash, const uint8_t *buf, unsigned int addr, unsigned int len) { if (nicintel_ee_req()) return -1; @@ -262,6 +386,13 @@ out: nicintel_ee_bitset(EEC, EE_REQ, 0); /* Give up direct access. */ return ret; } +static int nicintel_ee_write(struct flashctx *flash, const uint8_t *buf, unsigned int addr, unsigned int len) +{ + if (is_i210(nicintel_pci->device_id)) + return nicintel_ee_write_i210(flash, buf, addr, len); + + return nicintel_ee_write_82580(flash, buf, addr, len); +} static int nicintel_ee_erase(struct flashctx *flash, unsigned int addr, unsigned int len) { @@ -275,6 +406,25 @@ static const struct opaque_master opaque_master_nicintel_ee = { .erase = nicintel_ee_erase, }; +static int nicintel_ee_shutdown_i210(void *arg) +{ + if (!done_i20_write) + return 0; + + uint32_t flup = pci_mmio_readl(nicintel_eebar + EEC); + + flup |= BIT(EE_FLUPD); + pci_mmio_writel(flup, nicintel_eebar + EEC); + + for (int i = 0; i < MAX_ATEMPTS; i++) + if (pci_mmio_readl(nicintel_eebar + EEC) & BIT(EE_FLUDONE)) + return 0; + + msg_perr("Flash update failed\n"); + + return -1; +} + static int nicintel_ee_shutdown(void *eecp) { uint32_t old_eec = *(uint32_t *)eecp; @@ -298,6 +448,7 @@ int nicintel_ee_init(void) if (rget_io_perms()) return 1; + struct pci_dev *dev = pcidev_init(nics_intel_ee, PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_0); if (!dev) return 1; @@ -306,9 +457,14 @@ int nicintel_ee_init(void) if (!io_base_addr) return 1; - nicintel_eebar = rphysmap("Intel Gigabit NIC w/ SPI EEPROM", io_base_addr, MEMMAP_SIZE); + nicintel_eebar = rphysmap("Intel Gigabit NIC w/ SPI EEPROM", + io_base_addr + (is_i210(dev->device_id) ? 0x12000 : 0), MEMMAP_SIZE); + if (!nicintel_eebar) + return 1; + nicintel_pci = dev; - if (dev->device_id != UNPROG_DEVICE) { + if ((dev->device_id != UNPROG_DEVICE) && ! is_i210(dev->device_id)) + { uint32_t eec = pci_mmio_readl(nicintel_eebar + EEC); /* C.f. 3.3.1.5 for the detection mechanism (maybe? contradicting the EE_PRES definition), @@ -327,5 +483,9 @@ int nicintel_ee_init(void) return 1; } + if (is_i210(dev->device_id)) + if (register_shutdown(nicintel_ee_shutdown_i210, NULL)) + return 1; + return register_opaque_master(&opaque_master_nicintel_ee); } -- 2.11.0

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Chip AT26DF321-SU is recognized as AT25DF321
by The_Raven Raven 23 Mar '17

23 Mar '17

Hello I discovered that the chip "AT26DF321-SU" is recognized as "AT25DF321". This is the output from a "AT26DF321-SU": Probing for Atmel AT25DF321, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x1f, id2 0x4700 Found Atmel flash chip "AT25DF321" (4096 kB, SPI) on serprog. Chip status register is 0x1c. Chip status register: Sector Protection Register Lock (SRPL) is not set Chip status register: Bit 6 is not set Chip status register: Erase/Program Error (EPE) is not set Chip status register: WP# pin (WPP) is not asserted Chip status register: Software Protection Status (SWP): all sectors are protected Chip status register: Write Enable Latch (WEL) is not set Chip status register: Write In Progress (WIP/BUSY) is not set It seems that both chips have the same ID's. I have readed and written the "AT26DF321-SU" and it worked. If you need more informations or if i should test something -> Let me know. Greetings Greetings

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Re: [flashrom] Problem with flashrom and FT2232 Port B
by Nico Huber 22 Mar '17

22 Mar '17

On 22.03.2017 14:08, Zak wrote: > Heya > > Thanks for the reply, I'm using the latest version 1.2 for windows and I > use this programmer with other softwares with that same dll and it works > fine on both ports > > But in case I tried with the old libftdi 0.18 and it's the same error Sorry, I'm just poking in the dark. Another idea: Some other driver or program might have claimed access to port B and is blocking it. flash- rom doesn't know how to handle that, maybe your "other softwares" do. Nico > > Regards > > Le 22 mars 2017 12:14, "Nico Huber" <nico.huber(a)secunet.com> a écrit : > >> Hi Zak, >> >> On 21.03.2017 17:28, Zak wrote: >>> Hello, >>> >>> I got flashrom compiled for windows and it works like a charm (has to >>> tweet the code a little, add data for the chips i want to work with, add >>> 4BA and fast rading for FT2232), it works perfectly fine but only for >>> the port A (flashrom -p ft2232_spi:type=2232H,port=A) >>> >>> Using default programmer "ft2232_spi" with arguments "type=2232H,port=A". >>> Calibrating delay loop... OK. >>> Found Macronix flash chip "flashrom -p >>> ft2232_spi:type=2232H,port=AMX25L25665E" (32768 kB, SPI) >>> on ft2232_spi. >>> Reading flash... (0% to done.) >>> >>> If i use the port B (flashrom -p ft2232_spi:type=2232H,port=B), i get >>> this error >>> >>> Calibrating delay loop... OK. >>> Unable to reset FTDI device (USB device unavailable). >>> Unable to set latency timer (USB device unavailable). >>> Unable to set bitmode to SPI (USB device unavailable). >>> ftdi_write_data: -666, USB device unavailable >>> Error: Programmer initialization failed. >>> >>> I get this error also if i try to compile with make >>> CONFIG_DEFAULT_PROGRAMMER=PROGRAMMER_FT2232_SPI >>> CONFIG_DEFAULT_PROGRAMMER_ARGS="type=2232H,port=B" to force port B >>> >>> I looked around i didn't find any solution to fix this, anyone could >>> give me a hand? >> >> the problem probably lies within your (windows) version of libftdi. I'd >> try another OS / libftdi to rule that out. >> >> Nico >> >> >

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[PATCH] nicintel_spi: Support for I210/I211 cards
by Ricardo Ribalda Delgado 22 Mar '17

22 Mar '17

Implements I210 "raw" flash access as detailed in: http://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/embedded/products/networking/i210-et… Unfortunately, most of the time the card is in Secure Mode, which means that the raw access is not available. But his should be pretty useful for bringing up boards. Signed-off-by: Ricardo Ribalda Delgado <ricardo.ribalda(a)gmail.com> --- nicintel_spi.c | 94 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-------------- 1 file changed, 71 insertions(+), 23 deletions(-) diff --git a/nicintel_spi.c b/nicintel_spi.c index 9195c79e56c9..89f162f96e00 100644 --- a/nicintel_spi.c +++ b/nicintel_spi.c @@ -70,6 +70,9 @@ #define FL_SO 3 #define FL_REQ 4 #define FL_GNT 5 +#define FL_LOCKED 6 +#define FL_ABORT 7 +#define FL_CLR_ERR 8 /* Currently unused */ // #define FL_BUSY 30 // #define FL_ER 31 @@ -95,6 +98,14 @@ const struct dev_entry nics_intel_spi[] = { {PCI_VENDOR_ID_INTEL, 0x152a, NT, "Intel", "82599 10 Gigabit Dual Port Backplane Controller with FCoE"}, {PCI_VENDOR_ID_INTEL, 0x1557, NT, "Intel", "82599 10 Gigabit SFI Network Controller"}, + {PCI_VENDOR_ID_INTEL, 0x1531, OK, "Intel", "I210 Gigabit Network Connection Unprogrammed"}, + {PCI_VENDOR_ID_INTEL, 0x1532, NT, "Intel", "I211 Gigabit Network Connection Unprogrammed"}, + {PCI_VENDOR_ID_INTEL, 0x1533, NT, "Intel", "I210 Gigabit Network Connection"}, + {PCI_VENDOR_ID_INTEL, 0x1536, NT, "Intel", "I210 Gigabit Network Connection SERDES Fiber"}, + {PCI_VENDOR_ID_INTEL, 0x1537, NT, "Intel", "I210 Gigabit Network Connection SERDES Backplane"}, + {PCI_VENDOR_ID_INTEL, 0x1538, NT, "Intel", "I210 Gigabit Network Connection SGMII"}, + {PCI_VENDOR_ID_INTEL, 0x1539, NT, "Intel", "I211 Gigabit Network Connection"}, + {0}, }; @@ -182,32 +193,10 @@ static int nicintel_spi_shutdown(void *data) return 0; } -int nicintel_spi_init(void) +static int nicintel_spi_82599_enable_flash() { - struct pci_dev *dev = NULL; uint32_t tmp; - if (rget_io_perms()) - return 1; - - dev = pcidev_init(nics_intel_spi, PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_0); - if (!dev) - return 1; - - uint32_t io_base_addr = pcidev_readbar(dev, PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_0); - if (!io_base_addr) - return 1; - - if (dev->device_id < 0x10d8) { - nicintel_spibar = rphysmap("Intel Gigabit NIC w/ SPI flash", io_base_addr, - MEMMAP_SIZE); - } else { - nicintel_spibar = rphysmap("Intel 10 Gigabit NIC w/ SPI flash", io_base_addr + 0x10000, - MEMMAP_SIZE); - } - if (nicintel_spibar == ERROR_PTR) - return 1; - /* Automatic restore of EECD on shutdown is not possible because EECD * does not only contain FLASH_WRITES_DISABLED|FLASH_WRITES_ENABLED, * but other bits with side effects as well. Those other bits must be @@ -228,6 +217,65 @@ int nicintel_spi_init(void) if (register_shutdown(nicintel_spi_shutdown, NULL)) return 1; + return 0; +} + +static int nicintel_spi_i210_enable_flash() +{ + uint32_t tmp; + + tmp = pci_mmio_readl(nicintel_spibar + FLA); + if (tmp & (1 << FL_LOCKED)) { + msg_perr("Flash is in Secure Mode. Abort.\n"); + return 1; + } + + if (!(tmp & (1 << FL_ABORT))) + return 0; + + tmp |= (1 << FL_CLR_ERR); + pci_mmio_writel(tmp, nicintel_spibar + FLA); + tmp = pci_mmio_readl(nicintel_spibar + FLA); + if (!tmp & (1 << FL_ABORT)) { + msg_perr("Unable to clear Flash Access Error. Abort\n"); + return 1; + } + + return 0; +} + +int nicintel_spi_init(void) +{ + struct pci_dev *dev = NULL; + + if (rget_io_perms()) + return 1; + + dev = pcidev_init(nics_intel_spi, PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_0); + if (!dev) + return 1; + + uint32_t io_base_addr = pcidev_readbar(dev, PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_0); + if (!io_base_addr) + return 1; + + if ((dev->device_id & 0xfff0) == 0x1530) { + nicintel_spibar = rphysmap("Intel I210 Gigabit w/ SPI flash", io_base_addr + 0x12000, + MEMMAP_SIZE); + if (!nicintel_spibar || nicintel_spi_i210_enable_flash()) + return 1; + } else if (dev->device_id < 0x10d8) { + nicintel_spibar = rphysmap("Intel Gigabit NIC w/ SPI flash", io_base_addr, + MEMMAP_SIZE); + if (!nicintel_spibar || nicintel_spi_82599_enable_flash()) + return 1; + } else { + nicintel_spibar = rphysmap("Intel 10 Gigabit NIC w/ SPI flash", io_base_addr + 0x10000, + MEMMAP_SIZE); + if (!nicintel_spibar || nicintel_spi_82599_enable_flash()) + return 1; + } + if (register_spi_bitbang_master(&bitbang_spi_master_nicintel)) return 1; -- 2.11.0

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[PATCH] sb600spi: Add support for Merlin Falcon Chipset
by Ricardo Ribalda Delgado 22 Mar '17

22 Mar '17

This patch has been tested on a board similar to AMD Bettong. 00:14.0 SMBus [0c05]: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] FCH SMBus Controller [1022:790b] (rev 4a) 00:14.3 ISA bridge [0601]: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] FCH LPC Bridge [1022:790e] (rev 11) root@qt5022-fglrx:~# ./flashrom -p internal -w kk.rom flashrom v0.9.9-unknown on Linux 4.10.0-qtec-standard (x86_64) flashrom is free software, get the source code at https://flashrom.org Calibrating delay loop... OK. coreboot table found at 0x9ffd6000. Found chipset "AMD FP4". Enabling flash write... OK. Found Micron/Numonyx/ST flash chip "N25Q128..1E" (16384 kB, SPI) mapped at physical address 0x00000000ff000000. Reading old flash chip contents... done. Erasing and writing flash chip... Erase/write done. Verifying flash... VERIFIED. Signed-off-by: Ricardo Ribalda Delgado <ricardo.ribalda(a)gmail.com> --- chipset_enable.c | 1 + sb600spi.c | 28 +++++++++++++++++++++++----- 2 files changed, 24 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-) diff --git a/chipset_enable.c b/chipset_enable.c index b181b9349b02..82bac112a29c 100644 --- a/chipset_enable.c +++ b/chipset_enable.c @@ -1492,6 +1492,7 @@ const struct penable chipset_enables[] = { {0x1022, 0x7440, OK, "AMD", "AMD-768", enable_flash_amd_768_8111}, {0x1022, 0x7468, OK, "AMD", "AMD-8111", enable_flash_amd_768_8111}, {0x1022, 0x780e, OK, "AMD", "FCH", enable_flash_sb600}, + {0x1022, 0x790e, OK, "AMD", "FP4", enable_flash_sb600}, {0x1039, 0x0406, NT, "SiS", "501/5101/5501", enable_flash_sis501}, {0x1039, 0x0496, NT, "SiS", "85C496+497", enable_flash_sis85c496}, {0x1039, 0x0530, OK, "SiS", "530", enable_flash_sis530}, diff --git a/sb600spi.c b/sb600spi.c index 6bd56798e839..68f8d8ac532b 100644 --- a/sb600spi.c +++ b/sb600spi.c @@ -149,6 +149,23 @@ static void determine_generation(struct pci_dev *dev) "Please report this to flashrom(a)flashrom.org and include this log and\n" "the output of lspci -nnvx, thanks!.\n", rev); } + } else if (dev->device_id == 0x790e) { + struct pci_dev *smbus_dev = pci_dev_find(0x1022, 0x790B); + if (smbus_dev == NULL) { + msg_pdbg("No SMBus device with ID 1022:790B found.\n"); + return; + } + uint8_t rev = pci_read_byte(smbus_dev, PCI_REVISION_ID); + if (rev == 0x4a) { + amd_gen = CHIPSET_YANGTZE; + msg_pdbg("Yangtze detected.\n"); + } else { + msg_pwarn("FCH device found but SMBus revision 0x%02x does not match known values.\n" + "Please report this to flashrom(a)flashrom.org and include this log and\n" + "the output of lspci -nnvx, thanks!.\n", rev); + } + + #endif } else msg_pwarn("%s: Unknown LPC device %" PRIx16 ":%" PRIx16 ".\n" @@ -646,12 +663,13 @@ int sb600_probe_spi(struct pci_dev *dev) /* Look for the SMBus device. */ smbus_dev = pci_dev_find(0x1002, 0x4385); - if (!smbus_dev) { + if (!smbus_dev) smbus_dev = pci_dev_find(0x1022, 0x780b); /* AMD FCH */ - if (!smbus_dev) { - msg_perr("ERROR: SMBus device not found. Not enabling SPI.\n"); - return ERROR_NONFATAL; - } + if (!smbus_dev) + smbus_dev = pci_dev_find(0x1022, 0x790b); /* AMD FP4 */ + if (!smbus_dev) { + msg_perr("ERROR: SMBus device not found. Not enabling SPI.\n"); + return ERROR_NONFATAL; } /* Note about the bit tests below: If a bit is zero, the GPIO is SPI. */ -- 2.11.0

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Problem with flashrom and FT2232 Port B
by Zak 22 Mar '17

22 Mar '17

Hello, I got flashrom compiled for windows and it works like a charm (has to tweet the code a little, add data for the chips i want to work with, add 4BA and fast rading for FT2232), it works perfectly fine but only for the port A (flashrom -p ft2232_spi:type=2232H,port=A) Using default programmer "ft2232_spi" with arguments "type=2232H,port=A". Calibrating delay loop... OK. Found Macronix flash chip "flashrom -p ft2232_spi:type=2232H,port=AMX25L25665E" (32768 kB, SPI) on ft2232_spi. Reading flash... (0% to done.) If i use the port B (flashrom -p ft2232_spi:type=2232H,port=B), i get this error Calibrating delay loop... OK. Unable to reset FTDI device (USB device unavailable). Unable to set latency timer (USB device unavailable). Unable to set bitmode to SPI (USB device unavailable). ftdi_write_data: -666, USB device unavailable Error: Programmer initialization failed. I get this error also if i try to compile with make CONFIG_DEFAULT_PROGRAMMER=PROGRAMMER_FT2232_SPI CONFIG_DEFAULT_PROGRAMMER_ARGS="type=2232H,port=B" to force port B I looked around i didn't find any solution to fix this, anyone could give me a hand? Thanks a bunch Regards

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Re: [flashrom] Terminology to help distinguish different ways of using Flashrom
by Sam Kuper 21 Mar '17

21 Mar '17

On 19/03/2017, David Hendricks <david.hendricks(a)gmail.com> wrote: > On Sun, Mar 19, 2017 at 10:42 AM, Sam Kuper <sam.kuper(a)uclmail.net> wrote: >> Is there a term that unambiguously describes method 2(b)? > > Just to clarify, in that situation is the ROM is in a dedicated programmer > such as http://www.dediprog.com/pd/universal-programmer/progmaster-u4 ? I'd > describe it as "standalone." Good to know. Thank you!

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Re: [flashrom] Flashrom wiki: what license is the content under?
by Sam Kuper 21 Mar '17

21 Mar '17

On 20/03/2017, Sam Kuper <sam.kuper(a)uclmail.net> wrote: > On 20/03/2017, Carl-Daniel Hailfinger <c-d.hailfinger.devel.2006(a)gmx.net> > wrote: >> On 18.03.2017 17:50, Sam Kuper wrote: >>> Ideally, Flashrom would license the content under the GFDL and CC >>> BY-SA 3.0, making the content entirely license-compatible with content >>> from Wikipedia and from the Stack Exchange network of websites. >> >> Any licensing which inhibits moving code comments to the wiki or vice >> versa is a really bad idea. > > I doubt this would be a problem in practice. I think there are > standard exceptions for this sort of thing. But I'll try to remember > to look into it, because if there *aren't* exceptions for it, then > you're right: it could be a problem. Also, even if the wiki content were licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0, I don't see how there would be any more of an impediment to moving text between the code and the wiki than presently exists. Please correct me if you think I am mistaken.

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Re: [flashrom] Flashrom wiki: what license is the content under?
by Carl-Daniel Hailfinger 21 Mar '17

21 Mar '17

Hi Sam, welcome to the flashrom mailing list. Starting almost identical discussions on two different mailing lists is not productive. It _might_ make sense to revisit this after the discussion on the coreboot mailing list has come to a conclusion. On 18.03.2017 17:50, Sam Kuper wrote: > I have looked at a number of pages on the Flashrom wiki, though not all of them. > > None of the pages I have looked at mentioned the license (if any) > under which their content is available. > > My understanding is that means that much (maybe all) of the > documentation in the Flashrom wiki is proprietary (at least, in the > overwhelming majority of jurisdictions). IANAL, though. > > [...] > Alternatively, it would be great if the Flashrom wiki contributors > could license the documentation in the wiki under one or more free > culture licenses: https://freedomdefined.org/Licenses > > Ideally, Flashrom would license the content under the GFDL and CC > BY-SA 3.0, making the content entirely license-compatible with content > from Wikipedia and from the Stack Exchange network of websites. Why would we want to do that? The GFDL is pretty much the worst licensing choice: it is GPL incompatible, so we would hurt ourselves by using it. CC licensing might make sense, but I don't see the benefit from making the content license-compatible with wikipedia (anything copied from third-party websites to wikipedia is quickly marked as copyvio, and then reverted), and stackexchange questions about flashrom usually receive zero upvotes (maybe because people tend to look elsewhere for flashrom information). Any licensing which inhibits moving code comments to the wiki or vice versa is a really bad idea. > If you agree with the position I have taken above, please do reply to > this thread to say so, especially if you have suggestions about how to > best achieve the (re-)licensing. > > If you disagree with my position, please reply to explain your disagreement. It looks like you're trying to start a vote with special rules where only those who disagree with you have the burden of explaining their position. I'm afraid that's not how it works. Regards, Carl-Daniel

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Re: [flashrom] Terminology to help distinguish different ways of using Flashrom
by David Hendricks 19 Mar '17

19 Mar '17

On Sun, Mar 19, 2017 at 10:42 AM, Sam Kuper <sam.kuper(a)uclmail.net> wrote: > Is there a term that unambiguously describes method 2(b)? Just to clarify, in that situation is the ROM is in a dedicated programmer such as http://www.dediprog.com/pd/universal-programmer/progmaster-u4 ? I'd describe it as "standalone."

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Re: [flashrom] Terminology to help distinguish different ways of using Flashrom
by Patrick 'P. J.' McDermott 19 Mar '17

19 Mar '17

On 2017-03-18 at 18:47, Sam Kuper wrote: > My understanding is that there are, broadly speaking, two distinct > methods for using Flashrom: > > 1. The chip being read or flashed is part of the circuitry on the > motherboard that is hosting the OS that is running the Flashrom > instance. > > 2. The chip being read or flashed is *not* part of the circuitry on > the motherboard that is hosting the OS that is running the Flashrom > instance. Instead, that chip is being accessed via a programmer of > some kind (e.g. a Bus Pirate, or BeagleBone Black, or suchlike). > > This second method can be further subdivided: > > 2(a). The chip being read or flashed is connected to a circuit other > than the one being used to program it. For example, it might be a BIOS > EEPROM chip that was soldered to a motherboard by a PC manufacturer, > and which has not been removed from that motherboard. > > 2(b). The chip being read or flashed is *not* connected to a circuit > other than the one being used to program it. For example, it might be > a brand new chip that has been inserted into a programmer's ZIF socket > so that it can be programmed. > > > I would be grateful to know if terminology exists that would > unambiguously identify which method is being referred to, out of 1, > 2(a), and 2(b). > > The closest I have come to finding such a vocabulary is the page at > https://www.flashrom.org/ISP . This doesn't go very far, though. It > implies that, at least within the Flashrom project, the phrase > "in-system programming" *usually* refers to 2(a), but it might also > refer to 1. ISP (or sometimes ICSP) refers to 2(a). Method 1 would be internal programming (cf. flashrom's "internal" programmer), software programming, or specifically programming from the host CPU (vs. programming from another in-circuit flash master like the Intel Management Engine). Any of these terms are likely to be understood, though flashrom typically goes with "internal" programming. In any case, these flashing methods and terms also aren't specific to flashrom and can apply in other flash memory programming contexts. -- Patrick "P. J." McDermott: http://www.pehjota.net/ Lead Developer, ProteanOS: http://www.proteanos.com/ Founder and CEO, Libiquity: http://www.libiquity.com/

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Terminology to help distinguish different ways of using Flashrom
by Sam Kuper 18 Mar '17

18 Mar '17

My understanding is that there are, broadly speaking, two distinct methods for using Flashrom: 1. The chip being read or flashed is part of the circuitry on the motherboard that is hosting the OS that is running the Flashrom instance. 2. The chip being read or flashed is *not* part of the circuitry on the motherboard that is hosting the OS that is running the Flashrom instance. Instead, that chip is being accessed via a programmer of some kind (e.g. a Bus Pirate, or BeagleBone Black, or suchlike). This second method can be further subdivided: 2(a). The chip being read or flashed is connected to a circuit other than the one being used to program it. For example, it might be a BIOS EEPROM chip that was soldered to a motherboard by a PC manufacturer, and which has not been removed from that motherboard. 2(b). The chip being read or flashed is *not* connected to a circuit other than the one being used to program it. For example, it might be a brand new chip that has been inserted into a programmer's ZIF socket so that it can be programmed. I would be grateful to know if terminology exists that would unambiguously identify which method is being referred to, out of 1, 2(a), and 2(b). The closest I have come to finding such a vocabulary is the page at https://www.flashrom.org/ISP . This doesn't go very far, though. It implies that, at least within the Flashrom project, the phrase "in-system programming" *usually* refers to 2(a), but it might also refer to 1. Can anyone point me towards, or suggest, a more accurate terminology? Many thanks!

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Write access to wiki (Was: Re: Flashrom wiki "Supported programmers" page: Beaglebone Black not listed.)
by Sam Kuper 18 Mar '17

18 Mar '17

On 18/03/2017, Luc Verhaegen <libv(a)skynet.be> wrote: > On Sat, Mar 18, 2017 at 05:52:28PM +0000, Sam Kuper wrote: >> On 18/03/2017, Luc Verhaegen <libv(a)skynet.be> wrote: >> > Also, Sam, it's a wiki. >> >> Yes, but it has no obvious way to create an account ;) I guess I could >> request one, here on the mailing list, but [...] > > This is currently an issue with both coreboot and flashrom. People > cannot easily get a wiki account, and those more involved are all > whining that the wiki is not useful. There's a connection. I didn't find it an issue with Coreboot. https://www.coreboot.org/Special:UserLogin has information about how to request an account, and the process worked smoothly. https://www.flashrom.org/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin doesn't have information about how to request an account. *It should do.* But, as I say, the main reason I don't have an account on the Flashrom wiki is not that I couldn't guess how to request one, but rather that I haven't requested one. (I hope that if I did request one, and gave a good reason for doing so, the request would be granted.) Anyway, thanks :)

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Re: [flashrom] Flashrom wiki "Supported programmers" page: Beaglebone Black not listed.
by Luc Verhaegen 18 Mar '17

18 Mar '17

On Sat, Mar 18, 2017 at 05:52:28PM +0000, Sam Kuper wrote: > On 18/03/2017, Luc Verhaegen <libv(a)skynet.be> wrote: > > On Sat, Mar 18, 2017 at 05:52:15PM +0100, Stefan Tauner wrote: > >> On Sat, 18 Mar 2017 16:45:14 +0000 > >> Sam Kuper <sam.kuper(a)uclmail.net> wrote: > >> The existence of that page is rather a mistake. It has been > >> unmaintained for a long time and should be replaced. Instead the > >> Supported_hardware page (which is generated from flashrom's source > >> semi-automatically) should note the BBB and directly link to its page. > >> Will be like that... sometimes in the future. > > > > Add a programmer category, and have the categories listed on the > > supported hardware page. > > Sounds reasonable. > > > Also, Sam, it's a wiki. > > Yes, but it has no obvious way to create an account ;) I guess I could > request one, here on the mailing list, but: > > - I don't own a BBB, so wouldn't be the ideal person to add any > documentation for that; and > > - it didn't seem sensible to request a wiki account, if I did not have > a good use to which to put it. This is currently an issue with both coreboot and flashrom. People cannot easily get a wiki account, and those more involved are all whining that the wiki is not useful. There's a connection. Luc Verhaegen. Who made the linux-sunxi wiki that useful.

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Re: [flashrom] Flashrom wiki "Supported programmers" page: Beaglebone Black not listed.
by Stefan Tauner 18 Mar '17

18 Mar '17

On Sat, 18 Mar 2017 16:45:14 +0000 Sam Kuper <sam.kuper(a)uclmail.net> wrote: > The BeagleBone Black (aka "BBB") is recommended by the Libreboot > developers for use with Flashrom: "We recommend this product because > we know that it works well for our purposes and doesn't require any > non-free software." https://libreboot.org/docs/install/bbb_setup.html > > However, it is missing from the "Supported programmers" page of the > Flashrom wiki: https://www.flashrom.org/Supported_programmers > Hi! The existence of that page is rather a mistake. It has been unmaintained for a long time and should be replaced. Instead the Supported_hardware page (which is generated from flashrom's source semi-automatically) should note the BBB and directly link to its page. Will be like that... sometimes in the future. -- Kind regards/Mit freundlichen Grüßen, Stefan Tauner

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Flashrom wiki: what license is the content under?
by Sam Kuper 18 Mar '17

18 Mar '17

Hi folks, I have looked at a number of pages on the Flashrom wiki, though not all of them. None of the pages I have looked at mentioned the license (if any) under which their content is available. My understanding is that means that much (maybe all) of the documentation in the Flashrom wiki is proprietary (at least, in the overwhelming majority of jurisdictions). IANAL, though. If my understanding is incorrect, please could you point me towards information that should correct it? Alternatively, it would be great if the Flashrom wiki contributors could license the documentation in the wiki under one or more free culture licenses: https://freedomdefined.org/Licenses Ideally, Flashrom would license the content under the GFDL and CC BY-SA 3.0, making the content entirely license-compatible with content from Wikipedia and from the Stack Exchange network of websites. If you agree with the position I have taken above, please do reply to this thread to say so, especially if you have suggestions about how to best achieve the (re-)licensing. If you disagree with my position, please reply to explain your disagreement. Thanks, Sam P.S. For a parallel discussion of the license for Coreboot wiki content, please see: https://www.coreboot.org/pipermail/coreboot/2017-March/083607.html

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Flashrom wiki "Supported programmers" page: Beaglebone Black not listed.
by Sam Kuper 18 Mar '17

18 Mar '17

The BeagleBone Black (aka "BBB") is recommended by the Libreboot developers for use with Flashrom: "We recommend this product because we know that it works well for our purposes and doesn't require any non-free software." https://libreboot.org/docs/install/bbb_setup.html However, it is missing from the "Supported programmers" page of the Flashrom wiki: https://www.flashrom.org/Supported_programmers This is quite a surprising omission, given the fact that it is recommended by Libreboot. It does seem to have been given some cursory attention on the Flashrom wiki here: https://www.flashrom.org/BBB . If anyone who has a BBB and has write access to the Flashrom wiki feels like fleshing out the latter page and linking it from the "Supported programmers" page, this would probably be very helpful for (potential) BBB owners who might not otherwise realise that Flashrom supports the BBB.

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flashrom and W25Q128FV
by Connor Illian 16 Mar '17

16 Mar '17

the winbond W25Q128FV is listed as supported by flashrom. i have attempted to communicate with this chip via raspberry pi spidev as well as buspirate from ubuntu. i have one chip pulled from a working machine and three brand new blanks. no EEPROM is found no matter what i try with any chip. i cannot specify chip, and reading with -f results in an empty bin. i can remove the winbond chip from the socket and place a macronix mx25L6406e and flashrom identifies the chip immediately. i have compared data sheets between the macronix and winbond chips, and they are identical in terms of power, pinout, op codes, etc. the only difference is the macronix is 64mbit and the winbond is 128mbit. how can i proceed?

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Re: [flashrom] Layout Aware Flash Reading and Erase Blocks
by Nico Huber 16 Mar '17

16 Mar '17

On 16.03.2017 00:08, David Hendricks wrote: > On Fri, Mar 10, 2017 at 8:02 AM, Nico Huber <nico.huber(a)secunet.com> wrote: >> >> Hi, >> >> I've just updated my solution to _the_ layout problem that I wrote last >> year [1]. I'm not asking for a review at this moment. There are at least >> two competing approaches that I want to discuss first (I couldn't start >> a discussion before I wrote it, due to time constraints). >> >> We can >> >> 1) walk over the given layout regions in an outer loop and >> walk over the erase blocks in each region in an inner loop >> >> This is how my patch tackles it. >> >> or >> >> 2) walk over all erase blocks in an outer loop and >> walk over the touched layout regions in an inner loop >> >> Thoughts? >> >> Both sounds easy to do but it gets really complicated when you account >> for a) regions that are not erase block aligned, b) our fallback to dif- >> ferent erase functions (and blocks thereby) and c) read-locks that might >> render a) impossible. > > > I think the second approach results in an extra layer of logic that really > isn't needed. With the first, we: > 1. We find what needs to change > 2. Select the appropriate block eraser Until now, I kept flashrom's fallback mechanism: it just tries all erase functions until one succeeds. I think that's very questionable though. So far I've only seen it triggered in two scenarios only: 1. Wrong flash chip selected (i.e. wrong opcode or wrong block size). => Might be a bug in flashrom that gets never reported. 2. Unreliable reads that made it look like the erase didn't work. => Fallback made things even worse, resulting in a full chip erase. So I'd agree to remove that fallback mechanism. > 3. Do the work. > > The second approach requires selecting a block erase size beforehand for > the outer loop, and that blockerase size might not be the one we want to > use to actually do the work (especially with the unaligned and optimized > cases). Agreed. In the long run, we'll want to choose the erase function more dynamically. > >> >> One pretty simple solution would be to exclude unaligned layout regions. >> How about this? anybody ever needed it? > > Historically some ChromeOS devices have had unaligned layout regions. > Generally speaking, excluding them would impose an artificial limitation on > the images that flashrom can handle that will just bite users. Layout > regions might be defined automatically by a firmware's build system without > awareness of a particular flash chip's blockerase sizes, or some users may > want to use unaligned regions to avoid wasting space (like putting multiple > small regions into a 64KB block). Ok, ok, I'm convinced. Never asked for it ;) > >> >> Another related thing is an optimization that I have in mind since ever >> I used flashrom: Selection of the biggest possible erase block size. >> Currently, if we erase/write say 16 blocks of 4KiB, we waste a lot of >> time because most chips would erase a 64KiB block much faster. If we >> ever add something like this, I guess it would be easier with approach >> 1). But maybe it'd be so invasive that it doesn't matter much... > > I'd like this as well, and agree that it would be easier with the first > approach. As far as invasiveness goes, the tricky part IMO is updating > portions of read logic to deal with unaligned layout regions to ensure data > outside the targeted region is restored, which requires knowing the > eraseblock size in advance. Otherwise you end up with hacks like this: > https://chromium-review.googlesource.com/c/240176/ I handle this at erase-block level (first code-block in read_erase_ write_block(), https://review.coreboot.org/#/c/17945/2/flashrom.c). It's not pretty but reduces the assumptions you have to take care of in higher levels. Nico

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Layout Aware Flash Reading and Erase Blocks
by Nico Huber 16 Mar '17

16 Mar '17

Hi, I've just updated my solution to _the_ layout problem that I wrote last year [1]. I'm not asking for a review at this moment. There are at least two competing approaches that I want to discuss first (I couldn't start a discussion before I wrote it, due to time constraints). We can 1) walk over the given layout regions in an outer loop and walk over the erase blocks in each region in an inner loop This is how my patch tackles it. or 2) walk over all erase blocks in an outer loop and walk over the touched layout regions in an inner loop Thoughts? Both sounds easy to do but it gets really complicated when you account for a) regions that are not erase block aligned, b) our fallback to dif- ferent erase functions (and blocks thereby) and c) read-locks that might render a) impossible. a) will always be the case when b) results in the erase chip function. One pretty simple solution would be to exclude unaligned layout regions. How about this? anybody ever needed it? Another related thing is an optimization that I have in mind since ever I used flashrom: Selection of the biggest possible erase block size. Currently, if we erase/write say 16 blocks of 4KiB, we waste a lot of time because most chips would erase a 64KiB block much faster. If we ever add something like this, I guess it would be easier with approach 1). But maybe it'd be so invasive that it doesn't matter much... Best regards, Nico [1] https://review.coreboot.org/#/c/17945/

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[PATCH] Add support for AMD Promonotory (Ryzen)
by Stefan Tauner 05 Mar '17

05 Mar '17

To that end, this patch refines determine_generation() to find the respective SMBUS device too. Additionally, remove the (unused) heuristics to identify Yangtze. Signed-off-by: Stefan Tauner <stefan.tauner(a)gmx.at> --- chipset_enable.c | 1 + sb600spi.c | 85 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++------------------------------ 2 files changed, 41 insertions(+), 45 deletions(-) This version refines sb600spi.c's handling of SMBUS and puts it into determine_generation() and has some higher hopes of getting somewhere on Ryzen. diff --git a/chipset_enable.c b/chipset_enable.c index b181b93..72bf15b 100644 --- a/chipset_enable.c +++ b/chipset_enable.c @@ -1492,6 +1492,7 @@ const struct penable chipset_enables[] = { {0x1022, 0x7440, OK, "AMD", "AMD-768", enable_flash_amd_768_8111}, {0x1022, 0x7468, OK, "AMD", "AMD-8111", enable_flash_amd_768_8111}, {0x1022, 0x780e, OK, "AMD", "FCH", enable_flash_sb600}, + {0x1022, 0x790e, OK, "AMD", "Promontory", enable_flash_sb600}, {0x1039, 0x0406, NT, "SiS", "501/5101/5501", enable_flash_sis501}, {0x1039, 0x0496, NT, "SiS", "85C496+497", enable_flash_sis85c496}, {0x1039, 0x0530, OK, "SiS", "530", enable_flash_sis530}, diff --git a/sb600spi.c b/sb600spi.c index 6bd5679..ebed87f 100644 --- a/sb600spi.c +++ b/sb600spi.c @@ -53,6 +53,7 @@ enum amd_chipset { CHIPSET_HUDSON234, CHIPSET_BOLTON, CHIPSET_YANGTZE, + CHIPSET_PROMONTORY, }; static enum amd_chipset amd_gen = CHIPSET_AMD_UNKNOWN; @@ -86,18 +87,31 @@ static struct spi_master spi_master_yangtze = { .write_aai = default_spi_write_aai, }; -static void determine_generation(struct pci_dev *dev) +static int find_smbus (struct pci_dev **smbus_dev, uint16_t vendor, uint16_t device) +{ + *smbus_dev = pci_dev_find(vendor, device); + if (*smbus_dev == NULL) { + msg_pdbg("No SMBus device with ID %04X:%04X found.\n", vendor, device); + msg_perr("ERROR: SMBus device not found. Not enabling SPI.\n"); + return 1; + } + return 0; +} + +/* Determine the chipset's version and identify the respective SMBUS device. */ +static int determine_generation(struct pci_dev *dev, struct pci_dev **smbus_dev) { amd_gen = CHIPSET_AMD_UNKNOWN; msg_pdbg2("Trying to determine the generation of the SPI interface... "); if (dev->device_id == 0x438d) { + if (find_smbus(smbus_dev, 0x1002, 0x4385) != 0) + return 1; amd_gen = CHIPSET_SB6XX; msg_pdbg("SB6xx detected.\n"); } else if (dev->device_id == 0x439d) { - struct pci_dev *smbus_dev = pci_dev_find(0x1002, 0x4385); - if (smbus_dev == NULL) - return; - uint8_t rev = pci_read_byte(smbus_dev, PCI_REVISION_ID); + if (find_smbus(smbus_dev, 0x1002, 0x4385) != 0) + return 1; + uint8_t rev = pci_read_byte(*smbus_dev, PCI_REVISION_ID); if (rev >= 0x39 && rev <= 0x3D) { amd_gen = CHIPSET_SB7XX; msg_pdbg("SB7xx/SP5100 detected.\n"); @@ -113,28 +127,9 @@ static void determine_generation(struct pci_dev *dev) } else if (dev->device_id == 0x780e) { /* The PCI ID of the LPC bridge doesn't change between Hudson-2/3/4 and Yangtze (Kabini/Temash) * although they use different SPI interfaces. */ -#ifdef USE_YANGTZE_HEURISTICS - /* This heuristic accesses the SPI interface MMIO BAR at locations beyond those supported by - * Hudson in the hope of getting 0xff readback on older chipsets and non-0xff readback on - * Yangtze (and newer, compatible chipsets). */ - int i; - msg_pdbg("Checking for AMD Yangtze (Kabini/Temash) or later... "); - for (i = 0x20; i <= 0x4f; i++) { - if (mmio_readb(sb600_spibar + i) != 0xff) { - amd_gen = CHIPSET_YANGTZE; - msg_pdbg("found.\n"); - return; - } - } - msg_pdbg("not found. Assuming Hudson.\n"); - amd_gen = CHIPSET_HUDSON234; -#else - struct pci_dev *smbus_dev = pci_dev_find(0x1022, 0x780B); - if (smbus_dev == NULL) { - msg_pdbg("No SMBus device with ID 1022:780B found.\n"); - return; - } - uint8_t rev = pci_read_byte(smbus_dev, PCI_REVISION_ID); + if (find_smbus(smbus_dev, 0x1022, 0x780b) != 0) + return 1; + uint8_t rev = pci_read_byte(*smbus_dev, PCI_REVISION_ID); if (rev >= 0x11 && rev <= 0x15) { amd_gen = CHIPSET_HUDSON234; msg_pdbg("Hudson-2/3/4 detected.\n"); @@ -149,12 +144,23 @@ static void determine_generation(struct pci_dev *dev) "Please report this to flashrom(a)flashrom.org and include this log and\n" "the output of lspci -nnvx, thanks!.\n", rev); } -#endif + } else if (dev->device_id == 0x790e) { + if (find_smbus(smbus_dev, 0x1022, 0x790b) != 0) + return 1; + amd_gen = CHIPSET_PROMONTORY; + msg_pdbg("Promontory (Ryzen) detected.\n"); } else msg_pwarn("%s: Unknown LPC device %" PRIx16 ":%" PRIx16 ".\n" "Please report this to flashrom(a)flashrom.org and include this log and\n" "the output of lspci -nnvx, thanks!\n", __func__, dev->vendor_id, dev->device_id); + + if (amd_gen == CHIPSET_AMD_UNKNOWN) { + msg_perr("Could not determine chipset generation."); + return 1; + } + return 0; + } static void reset_internal_fifo_pointer(void) @@ -550,9 +556,7 @@ int sb600_probe_spi(struct pci_dev *dev) */ sb600_spibar += tmp & 0xfff; - determine_generation(dev); - if (amd_gen == CHIPSET_AMD_UNKNOWN) { - msg_perr("Could not determine chipset generation."); + if (determine_generation(dev, &smbus_dev) != 0) { return ERROR_NONFATAL; } @@ -577,7 +581,7 @@ int sb600_probe_spi(struct pci_dev *dev) msg_pdbg("SpiRomEnable=%i", (tmp >> 1) & 0x1); if (amd_gen == CHIPSET_SB7XX) msg_pdbg(", AltSpiCSEnable=%i, AbortEnable=%i", tmp & 0x1, (tmp >> 2) & 0x1); - else if (amd_gen == CHIPSET_YANGTZE) + else if (amd_gen >= CHIPSET_YANGTZE) msg_pdbg(", RouteTpm2Sp=%i", (tmp >> 3) & 0x1); tmp = pci_read_byte(dev, 0xba); @@ -613,13 +617,13 @@ int sb600_probe_spi(struct pci_dev *dev) */ tmp = mmio_readl(sb600_spibar + 0x00); msg_pdbg("(0x%08" PRIx32 ") SpiArbEnable=%i", tmp, (tmp >> 19) & 0x1); - if (amd_gen == CHIPSET_YANGTZE) + if (amd_gen >= CHIPSET_YANGTZE) msg_pdbg(", IllegalAccess=%i", (tmp >> 21) & 0x1); msg_pdbg(", SpiAccessMacRomEn=%i, SpiHostAccessRomEn=%i, ArbWaitCount=%i", (tmp >> 22) & 0x1, (tmp >> 23) & 0x1, (tmp >> 24) & 0x7); - if (amd_gen != CHIPSET_YANGTZE) + if (amd_gen < CHIPSET_YANGTZE) msg_pdbg(", SpiBridgeDisable=%i", (tmp >> 27) & 0x1); switch (amd_gen) { @@ -628,6 +632,7 @@ int sb600_probe_spi(struct pci_dev *dev) case CHIPSET_SB89XX: case CHIPSET_HUDSON234: case CHIPSET_YANGTZE: + case CHIPSET_PROMONTORY: msg_pdbg(", SpiBusy=%i", (tmp >> 31) & 0x1); default: break; } @@ -644,16 +649,6 @@ int sb600_probe_spi(struct pci_dev *dev) /* FIXME: Handle SpiProtect* configuration on Yangtze. */ } - /* Look for the SMBus device. */ - smbus_dev = pci_dev_find(0x1002, 0x4385); - if (!smbus_dev) { - smbus_dev = pci_dev_find(0x1022, 0x780b); /* AMD FCH */ - if (!smbus_dev) { - msg_perr("ERROR: SMBus device not found. Not enabling SPI.\n"); - return ERROR_NONFATAL; - } - } - /* Note about the bit tests below: If a bit is zero, the GPIO is SPI. */ /* GPIO11/SPI_DO and GPIO12/SPI_DI status */ reg = pci_read_byte(smbus_dev, 0xAB); @@ -690,7 +685,7 @@ int sb600_probe_spi(struct pci_dev *dev) return ERROR_FATAL; /* Starting with Yangtze the SPI controller got a different interface with a much bigger buffer. */ - if (amd_gen != CHIPSET_YANGTZE) + if (amd_gen < CHIPSET_YANGTZE) register_spi_master(&spi_master_sb600); else register_spi_master(&spi_master_yangtze); -- Kind regards, Stefan Tauner

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[PATCH] Add support for AMD Promonotory (Ryzen)
by Stefan Tauner 05 Mar '17

05 Mar '17

Signed-off-by: Stefan Tauner <stefan.tauner(a)gmx.at> --- chipset_enable.c | 1 + sb600spi.c | 13 +++++++++---- 2 files changed, 10 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) This is the first and very crude version of a patch to support Ryzen. I have no datasheet (neither does the internet AFAICT). The patch prepares sb600_spi.c for Propmonotry support distinct from Yangtze but does not implement any differences so far (because we don't know any yet). diff --git a/chipset_enable.c b/chipset_enable.c index b181b93..72bf15b 100644 --- a/chipset_enable.c +++ b/chipset_enable.c @@ -1492,6 +1492,7 @@ const struct penable chipset_enables[] = { {0x1022, 0x7440, OK, "AMD", "AMD-768", enable_flash_amd_768_8111}, {0x1022, 0x7468, OK, "AMD", "AMD-8111", enable_flash_amd_768_8111}, {0x1022, 0x780e, OK, "AMD", "FCH", enable_flash_sb600}, + {0x1022, 0x790e, OK, "AMD", "Promontory", enable_flash_sb600}, {0x1039, 0x0406, NT, "SiS", "501/5101/5501", enable_flash_sis501}, {0x1039, 0x0496, NT, "SiS", "85C496+497", enable_flash_sis85c496}, {0x1039, 0x0530, OK, "SiS", "530", enable_flash_sis530}, diff --git a/sb600spi.c b/sb600spi.c index 6bd5679..c4b844e 100644 --- a/sb600spi.c +++ b/sb600spi.c @@ -53,6 +53,7 @@ enum amd_chipset { CHIPSET_HUDSON234, CHIPSET_BOLTON, CHIPSET_YANGTZE, + CHIPSET_PROMONTORY, }; static enum amd_chipset amd_gen = CHIPSET_AMD_UNKNOWN; @@ -150,6 +151,9 @@ static void determine_generation(struct pci_dev *dev) "the output of lspci -nnvx, thanks!.\n", rev); } #endif + } else if (dev->device_id == 0x790e) { + amd_gen = CHIPSET_PROMONTORY; + msg_pdbg("Promontory (Ryzen) detected.\n"); } else msg_pwarn("%s: Unknown LPC device %" PRIx16 ":%" PRIx16 ".\n" "Please report this to flashrom(a)flashrom.org and include this log and\n" @@ -577,7 +581,7 @@ int sb600_probe_spi(struct pci_dev *dev) msg_pdbg("SpiRomEnable=%i", (tmp >> 1) & 0x1); if (amd_gen == CHIPSET_SB7XX) msg_pdbg(", AltSpiCSEnable=%i, AbortEnable=%i", tmp & 0x1, (tmp >> 2) & 0x1); - else if (amd_gen == CHIPSET_YANGTZE) + else if (amd_gen >= CHIPSET_YANGTZE) msg_pdbg(", RouteTpm2Sp=%i", (tmp >> 3) & 0x1); tmp = pci_read_byte(dev, 0xba); @@ -613,13 +617,13 @@ int sb600_probe_spi(struct pci_dev *dev) */ tmp = mmio_readl(sb600_spibar + 0x00); msg_pdbg("(0x%08" PRIx32 ") SpiArbEnable=%i", tmp, (tmp >> 19) & 0x1); - if (amd_gen == CHIPSET_YANGTZE) + if (amd_gen >= CHIPSET_YANGTZE) msg_pdbg(", IllegalAccess=%i", (tmp >> 21) & 0x1); msg_pdbg(", SpiAccessMacRomEn=%i, SpiHostAccessRomEn=%i, ArbWaitCount=%i", (tmp >> 22) & 0x1, (tmp >> 23) & 0x1, (tmp >> 24) & 0x7); - if (amd_gen != CHIPSET_YANGTZE) + if (amd_gen < CHIPSET_YANGTZE) msg_pdbg(", SpiBridgeDisable=%i", (tmp >> 27) & 0x1); switch (amd_gen) { @@ -628,6 +632,7 @@ int sb600_probe_spi(struct pci_dev *dev) case CHIPSET_SB89XX: case CHIPSET_HUDSON234: case CHIPSET_YANGTZE: + case CHIPSET_PROMONTORY: msg_pdbg(", SpiBusy=%i", (tmp >> 31) & 0x1); default: break; } @@ -690,7 +695,7 @@ int sb600_probe_spi(struct pci_dev *dev) return ERROR_FATAL; /* Starting with Yangtze the SPI controller got a different interface with a much bigger buffer. */ - if (amd_gen != CHIPSET_YANGTZE) + if (amd_gen < CHIPSET_YANGTZE) register_spi_master(&spi_master_sb600); else register_spi_master(&spi_master_yangtze); -- Kind regards, Stefan Tauner

1 0

please add support MX25L25635F
by master ps 04 Mar '17

04 Mar '17

Hi please add support for MX25L25635F and W25Q256FV. Thanks!

1 0

flashrom Gigabyte Q77M-D2H report
by Basil Marmer 03 Mar '17

03 Mar '17

run under Ubuntu 16.10 - sudo flashrom -p internal -c "MX25L6406E/MX25L6408E" -V -w Q77MD2H.F2 flashrom v0.9.9-r1954 on Linux 4.8.0-34-generic (x86_64) flashrom is free software, get the source code at https://flashrom.org flashrom was built with libpci 3.3.1, GCC 5.3.1 20160424, little endian Command line (7 args): flashrom -p internal -c MX25L6406E/MX25L6408E -V -w Q77MD2H.F2 Calibrating delay loop... OS timer resolution is 1 usecs, 3279M loops per second, 10 myus = 10 us, 100 myus = 102 us, 1000 myus = 1022 us, 10000 myus = 10112 us, 4 myus = 5 us, OK. Initializing internal programmer No coreboot table found. Using Internal DMI decoder. DMI string chassis-type: "Desktop" DMI string system-manufacturer: "ARBYTE COMPUTERS" DMI string system-product-name: "Arbyte Quint B M4D3A-Q77 vPro" DMI string system-version: "AC275311" DMI string baseboard-manufacturer: "Gigabyte Technology Co., Ltd." DMI string baseboard-product-name: "Q77M-D2H" DMI string baseboard-version: "x.x" Found ITE Super I/O, ID 0x8728 on port 0x2e Found chipset "Intel Q77" with PCI ID 8086:1e47. This chipset is marked as untested. If you are using an up-to-date version of flashrom *and* were (not) able to successfully update your firmware with it, then please email a report to flashrom(a)flashrom.org including a verbose (-V) log. Thank you! Enabling flash write... Root Complex Register Block address = 0xfed1c000 GCS = 0xc64: BIOS Interface Lock-Down: disabled, Boot BIOS Straps: 0x3 (SPI) Top Swap: not enabled 0xfff80000/0xffb80000 FWH IDSEL: 0x0 0xfff00000/0xffb00000 FWH IDSEL: 0x0 0xffe80000/0xffa80000 FWH IDSEL: 0x1 0xffe00000/0xffa00000 FWH IDSEL: 0x1 0xffd80000/0xff980000 FWH IDSEL: 0x2 0xffd00000/0xff900000 FWH IDSEL: 0x2 0xffc80000/0xff880000 FWH IDSEL: 0x3 0xffc00000/0xff800000 FWH IDSEL: 0x3 0xff700000/0xff300000 FWH IDSEL: 0x4 0xff600000/0xff200000 FWH IDSEL: 0x5 0xff500000/0xff100000 FWH IDSEL: 0x6 0xff400000/0xff000000 FWH IDSEL: 0x7 0xfff80000/0xffb80000 FWH decode enabled 0xfff00000/0xffb00000 FWH decode enabled 0xffe80000/0xffa80000 FWH decode enabled 0xffe00000/0xffa00000 FWH decode enabled 0xffd80000/0xff980000 FWH decode enabled 0xffd00000/0xff900000 FWH decode enabled 0xffc80000/0xff880000 FWH decode enabled 0xffc00000/0xff800000 FWH decode enabled 0xff700000/0xff300000 FWH decode enabled 0xff600000/0xff200000 FWH decode enabled 0xff500000/0xff100000 FWH decode enabled 0xff400000/0xff000000 FWH decode enabled Maximum FWH chip size: 0x100000 bytes SPI Read Configuration: prefetching enabled, caching enabled, BIOS_CNTL = 0x09: BIOS Lock Enable: disabled, BIOS Write Enable: enabled SPIBAR = 0x00007fdce0032000 + 0x3800 0x04: 0xe008 (HSFS) HSFS: FDONE=0, FCERR=0, AEL=0, BERASE=1, SCIP=0, FDOPSS=1, FDV=1, FLOCKDN=1 Warning: SPI Configuration Lockdown activated. Reading OPCODES... done 0x06: 0x0000 (HSFC) HSFC: FGO=0, FCYCLE=0, FDBC=0, SME=0 0x50: 0x0000ffff (FRAP) BMWAG 0x00, BMRAG 0x00, BRWA 0xff, BRRA 0xff 0x54: 0x00000000 FREG0: Flash Descriptor region (0x00000000-0x00000fff) is read-write. 0x58: 0x07ff0500 FREG1: BIOS region (0x00500000-0x007fffff) is read-write. 0x5C: 0x04ff0003 FREG2: Management Engine region (0x00003000-0x004fffff) is read-write. 0x60: 0x00020001 FREG3: Gigabit Ethernet region (0x00001000-0x00002fff) is read-write. 0x90: 0x84 (SSFS) SSFS: SCIP=0, FDONE=1, FCERR=0, AEL=0 0x91: 0xf94130 (SSFC) SSFC: SCGO=0, ACS=0, SPOP=0, COP=3, DBC=1, SME=0, SCF=1 0x94: 0x0006 (PREOP) 0x96: 0x043b (OPTYPE) 0x98: 0x05200302 (OPMENU) 0x9C: 0x0000019f (OPMENU+4) 0xA0: 0x00000000 (BBAR) 0xC4: 0x00802005 (LVSCC) LVSCC: BES=0x1, WG=1, WSR=0, WEWS=0, EO=0x20, VCL=1 0xC8: 0x00002005 (UVSCC) UVSCC: BES=0x1, WG=1, WSR=0, WEWS=0, EO=0x20 0xD0: 0x00000000 (FPB) OK. No IT87* serial flash segment enabled. The following protocols are supported: FWH, SPI. Probing for Macronix MX25L6406E/MX25L6408E, 8192 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0xc2, id2 0x2017 Found Macronix flash chip "MX25L6406E/MX25L6408E" (8192 kB, SPI) mapped at physical address 0x00000000ff800000. Chip status register is 0x00. Chip status register: Status Register Write Disable (SRWD, SRP, ...) is not set Chip status register: Bit 6 is not set Chip status register: Block Protect 3 (BP3) is not set Chip status register: Block Protect 2 (BP2) is not set Chip status register: Block Protect 1 (BP1) is not set Chip status register: Block Protect 0 (BP0) is not set Chip status register: Write Enable Latch (WEL) is not set Chip status register: Write In Progress (WIP/BUSY) is not set This chip may contain one-time programmable memory. flashrom cannot read and may never be able to write it, hence it may not be able to completely clone the contents of this chip (see man page for details). Flash image seems to be a legacy BIOS. Disabling coreboot-related checks. Reading old flash chip contents... done. Erasing and writing flash chip... Trying erase function 0... 0x000000-0x000fff:S, 0x001000-0x001fff:EW, 0x002000-0x002fff:E, 0x003000-0x003fff:EW, 0x004000-0x004fff:E, 0x005000-0x005fff:S, 0x006000-0x006fff:EW, 0x007000-0x007fff:E, 0x008000-0x008fff:E, 0x009000-0x009fff:E, 0x00a000-0x00afff:EW, 0x00b000-0x00bfff:EW, 0x00c000-0x00cfff:EW, 0x00d000-0x00dfff:EW, 0x00e000-0x00efff:EW, 0x00f000-0x00ffff:EW, 0x010000-0x010fff:S, 0x011000-0x011fff:EW, 0x012000-0x012fff:EW, 0x013000-0x013fff:E, 0x014000-0x014fff:E, 0x015000-0x015fff:E, 0x016000-0x016fff:EW, 0x017000-0x017fff:E, 0x018000-0x018fff:E, 0x019000-0x019fff:E, 0x01a000-0x01afff:EW, 0x01b000-0x01bfff:E, 0x01c000-0x01cfff:E, 0x01d000-0x01dfff:E, 0x01e000-0x01efff:EW, 0x01f000-0x01ffff:E, 0x020000-0x020fff:E, 0x021000-0x021fff:E, 0x022000-0x022fff:EW, 0x023000-0x023fff:E, 0x024000-0x024fff:E, 0x025000-0x025fff:E, 0x026000-0x026fff:EW, 0x027000-0x027fff:E, 0x028000-0x028fff:E, 0x029000-0x029fff:E, 0x02a000-0x02afff:EW, 0x02b000-0x02bfff:S, 0x02c000-0x02cfff:S, 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0x05c000-0x05cfff:E, 0x05d000-0x05dfff:E, 0x05e000-0x05efff:EW, 0x05f000-0x05ffff:E, 0x060000-0x060fff:E, 0x061000-0x061fff:E, 0x062000-0x062fff:EW, 0x063000-0x063fff:E, 0x064000-0x064fff:E, 0x065000-0x065fff:E, 0x066000-0x066fff:EW, 0x067000-0x067fff:E, 0x068000-0x068fff:E, 0x069000-0x069fff:E, 0x06a000-0x06afff:EW, 0x06b000-0x06bfff:E, 0x06c000-0x06cfff:E, 0x06d000-0x06dfff:E, 0x06e000-0x06efff:EW, 0x06f000-0x06ffff:E, 0x070000-0x070fff:E, 0x071000-0x071fff:E, 0x072000-0x072fff:EW, 0x073000-0x073fff:E, 0x074000-0x074fff:E, 0x075000-0x075fff:E, 0x076000-0x076fff:EW, 0x077000-0x077fff:E, 0x078000-0x078fff:E, 0x079000-0x079fff:E, 0x07a000-0x07afff:EW, 0x07b000-0x07bfff:E, 0x07c000-0x07cfff:E, 0x07d000-0x07dfff:E, 0x07e000-0x07efff:EW, 0x07f000-0x07ffff:E, 0x080000-0x080fff:E, 0x081000-0x081fff:E, 0x082000-0x082fff:EW, 0x083000-0x083fff:E, 0x084000-0x084fff:E, 0x085000-0x085fff:E, 0x086000-0x086fff:EW, 0x087000-0x087fff:E, 0x088000-0x088fff:E, 0x089000-0x089fff:E, 0x08a000-0x08afff:EW, 0x08b000-0x08bfff:E, 0x08c000-0x08cfff:E, 0x08d000-0x08dfff:E, 0x08e000-0x08efff:EW, 0x08f000-0x08ffff:E, 0x090000-0x090fff:E, 0x091000-0x091fff:E, 0x092000-0x092fff:EW, 0x093000-0x093fff:E, 0x094000-0x094fff:S, 0x095000-0x095fff:S, 0x096000-0x096fff:EW, 0x097000-0x097fff:E, 0x098000-0x098fff:E, 0x099000-0x099fff:E, 0x09a000-0x09afff:EW, 0x09b000-0x09bfff:E, 0x09c000-0x09cfff:E, 0x09d000-0x09dfff:E, 0x09e000-0x09efff:EW, 0x09f000-0x09ffff:E, 0x0a0000-0x0a0fff:E, 0x0a1000-0x0a1fff:E, 0x0a2000-0x0a2fff:EW, 0x0a3000-0x0a3fff:E, 0x0a4000-0x0a4fff:E, 0x0a5000-0x0a5fff:E, 0x0a6000-0x0a6fff:EW, 0x0a7000-0x0a7fff:E, 0x0a8000-0x0a8fff:E, 0x0a9000-0x0a9fff:E, 0x0aa000-0x0aafff:EW, 0x0ab000-0x0abfff:E, 0x0ac000-0x0acfff:E, 0x0ad000-0x0adfff:E, 0x0ae000-0x0aefff:EW, 0x0af000-0x0affff:E, 0x0b0000-0x0b0fff:E, 0x0b1000-0x0b1fff:E, 0x0b2000-0x0b2fff:EW, 0x0b3000-0x0b3fff:E, 0x0b4000-0x0b4fff:E, 0x0b5000-0x0b5fff:E, 0x0b6000-0x0b6fff:EW, 0x0b7000-0x0b7fff:E, 0x0b8000-0x0b8fff:E, 0x0b9000-0x0b9fff:E, 0x0ba000-0x0bafff:EW, 0x0bb000-0x0bbfff:E, 0x0bc000-0x0bcfff:E, 0x0bd000-0x0bdfff:E, 0x0be000-0x0befff:EW, 0x0bf000-0x0bffff:E, 0x0c0000-0x0c0fff:E, 0x0c1000-0x0c1fff:E, 0x0c2000-0x0c2fff:EW, 0x0c3000-0x0c3fff:E, 0x0c4000-0x0c4fff:E, 0x0c5000-0x0c5fff:E, 0x0c6000-0x0c6fff:EW, 0x0c7000-0x0c7fff:E, 0x0c8000-0x0c8fff:E, 0x0c9000-0x0c9fff:E, 0x0ca000-0x0cafff:EW, 0x0cb000-0x0cbfff:E, 0x0cc000-0x0ccfff:S, 0x0cd000-0x0cdfff:S, 0x0ce000-0x0cefff:EW, 0x0cf000-0x0cffff:E, 0x0d0000-0x0d0fff:E, 0x0d1000-0x0d1fff:E, 0x0d2000-0x0d2fff:EW, 0x0d3000-0x0d3fff:E, 0x0d4000-0x0d4fff:E, 0x0d5000-0x0d5fff:E, 0x0d6000-0x0d6fff:EW, 0x0d7000-0x0d7fff:E, 0x0d8000-0x0d8fff:E, 0x0d9000-0x0d9fff:E, 0x0da000-0x0dafff:EW, 0x0db000-0x0dbfff:E, 0x0dc000-0x0dcfff:E, 0x0dd000-0x0ddfff:E, 0x0de000-0x0defff:EW, 0x0df000-0x0dffff:E, 0x0e0000-0x0e0fff:E, 0x0e1000-0x0e1fff:E, 0x0e2000-0x0e2fff:EW, 0x0e3000-0x0e3fff:EW, 0x0e4000-0x0e4fff:EW, 0x0e5000-0x0e5fff:EW, 0x0e6000-0x0e6fff:EW, 0x0e7000-0x0e7fff:E, 0x0e8000-0x0e8fff:S, 0x0e9000-0x0e9fff:S, 0x0ea000-0x0eafff:EW, 0x0eb000-0x0ebfff:EW, 0x0ec000-0x0ecfff:EW, 0x0ed000-0x0edfff:EW, 0x0ee000-0x0eefff:EW, 0x0ef000-0x0effff:EW, 0x0f0000-0x0f0fff:EW, 0x0f1000-0x0f1fff:EW, 0x0f2000-0x0f2fff:EW, 0x0f3000-0x0f3fff:EW, 0x0f4000-0x0f4fff:EW, 0x0f5000-0x0f5fff:EW, 0x0f6000-0x0f6fff:EW, 0x0f7000-0x0f7fff:EW, 0x0f8000-0x0f8fff:EW, 0x0f9000-0x0f9fff:EW, 0x0fa000-0x0fafff:EW, 0x0fb000-0x0fbfff:EW, 0x0fc000-0x0fcfff:EW, 0x0fd000-0x0fdfff:EW, 0x0fe000-0x0fefff:EW, 0x0ff000-0x0fffff:EW, 0x100000-0x100fff:EW, 0x101000-0x101fff:EW, 0x102000-0x102fff:EW, 0x103000-0x103fff:EW, 0x104000-0x104fff:EW, 0x105000-0x105fff:EW, 0x106000-0x106fff:EW, 0x107000-0x107fff:EW, 0x108000-0x108fff:EW, 0x109000-0x109fff:EW, 0x10a000-0x10afff:EW, 0x10b000-0x10bfff:EW, 0x10c000-0x10cfff:EW, 0x10d000-0x10dfff:EW, 0x10e000-0x10efff:EW, 0x10f000-0x10ffff:EW, 0x110000-0x110fff:EW, 0x111000-0x111fff:EW, 0x112000-0x112fff:EW, 0x113000-0x113fff:EW, 0x114000-0x114fff:EW, 0x115000-0x115fff:EW, 0x116000-0x116fff:EW, 0x117000-0x117fff:EW, 0x118000-0x118fff:EW, 0x119000-0x119fff:EW, 0x11a000-0x11afff:EW, 0x11b000-0x11bfff:EW, 0x11c000-0x11cfff:EW, 0x11d000-0x11dfff:EW, 0x11e000-0x11efff:EW, 0x11f000-0x11ffff:EW, 0x120000-0x120fff:EW, 0x121000-0x121fff:EW, 0x122000-0x122fff:EW, 0x123000-0x123fff:EW, 0x124000-0x124fff:EW, 0x125000-0x125fff:EW, 0x126000-0x126fff:EW, 0x127000-0x127fff:EW, 0x128000-0x128fff:EW, 0x129000-0x129fff:EW, 0x12a000-0x12afff:EW, 0x12b000-0x12bfff:EW, 0x12c000-0x12cfff:EW, 0x12d000-0x12dfff:EW, 0x12e000-0x12efff:EW, 0x12f000-0x12ffff:S, 0x130000-0x130fff:S, 0x131000-0x131fff:S, 0x132000-0x132fff:S, 0x133000-0x133fff:S, 0x134000-0x134fff:S, 0x135000-0x135fff:S, 0x136000-0x136fff:S, 0x137000-0x137fff:S, 0x138000-0x138fff:S, 0x139000-0x139fff:S, 0x13a000-0x13afff:S, 0x13b000-0x13bfff:S, 0x13c000-0x13cfff:S, 0x13d000-0x13dfff:S, 0x13e000-0x13efff:S, 0x13f000-0x13ffff:S, 0x140000-0x140fff:S, 0x141000-0x141fff:S, 0x142000-0x142fff:S, 0x143000-0x143fff:EW, 0x144000-0x144fff:EW, 0x145000-0x145fff:EW, 0x146000-0x146fff:EW, 0x147000-0x147fff:EW, 0x148000-0x148fff:EW, 0x149000-0x149fff:EW, 0x14a000-0x14afff:EW, 0x14b000-0x14bfff:EW, 0x14c000-0x14cfff:EW, 0x14d000-0x14dfff:EW, 0x14e000-0x14efff:EW, 0x14f000-0x14ffff:EW, 0x150000-0x150fff:EW, 0x151000-0x151fff:EW, 0x152000-0x152fff:EW, 0x153000-0x153fff:EW, 0x154000-0x154fff:EW, 0x155000-0x155fff:EW, 0x156000-0x156fff:EW, 0x157000-0x157fff:EW, 0x158000-0x158fff:EW, 0x159000-0x159fff:EW, 0x15a000-0x15afff:EW, 0x15b000-0x15bfff:EW, 0x15c000-0x15cfff:EW, 0x15d000-0x15dfff:EW, 0x15e000-0x15efff:EW, 0x15f000-0x15ffff:EW, 0x160000-0x160fff:EW, 0x161000-0x161fff:EW, 0x162000-0x162fff:EW, 0x163000-0x163fff:EW, 0x164000-0x164fff:EW, 0x165000-0x165fff:EW, 0x166000-0x166fff:EW, 0x167000-0x167fff:EW, 0x168000-0x168fff:EW, 0x169000-0x169fff:EW, 0x16a000-0x16afff:EW, 0x16b000-0x16bfff:EW, 0x16c000-0x16cfff:EW, 0x16d000-0x16dfff:EW, 0x16e000-0x16efff:EW, 0x16f000-0x16ffff:EW, 0x170000-0x170fff:EW, 0x171000-0x171fff:EW, 0x172000-0x172fff:W, 0x173000-0x173fff:S, 0x174000-0x174fff:S, 0x175000-0x175fff:S, 0x176000-0x176fff:S, 0x177000-0x177fff:S, 0x178000-0x178fff:S, 0x179000-0x179fff:S, 0x17a000-0x17afff:S, 0x17b000-0x17bfff:S, 0x17c000-0x17cfff:S, 0x17d000-0x17dfff:S, 0x17e000-0x17efff:S, 0x17f000-0x17ffff:S, 0x180000-0x180fff:S, 0x181000-0x181fff:S, 0x182000-0x182fff:S, 0x183000-0x183fff:EW, 0x184000-0x184fff:EW, 0x185000-0x185fff:EW, 0x186000-0x186fff:EW, 0x187000-0x187fff:EW, 0x188000-0x188fff:EW, 0x189000-0x189fff:EW, 0x18a000-0x18afff:EW, 0x18b000-0x18bfff:EW, 0x18c000-0x18cfff:EW, 0x18d000-0x18dfff:EW, 0x18e000-0x18efff:EW, 0x18f000-0x18ffff:EW, 0x190000-0x190fff:EW, 0x191000-0x191fff:EW, 0x192000-0x192fff:EW, 0x193000-0x193fff:EW, 0x194000-0x194fff:EW, 0x195000-0x195fff:EW, 0x196000-0x196fff:EW, 0x197000-0x197fff:EW, 0x198000-0x198fff:EW, 0x199000-0x199fff:EW, 0x19a000-0x19afff:EW, 0x19b000-0x19bfff:EW, 0x19c000-0x19cfff:EW, 0x19d000-0x19dfff:EW, 0x19e000-0x19efff:EW, 0x19f000-0x19ffff:EW, 0x1a0000-0x1a0fff:EW, 0x1a1000-0x1a1fff:EW, 0x1a2000-0x1a2fff:EW, 0x1a3000-0x1a3fff:EW, 0x1a4000-0x1a4fff:EW, 0x1a5000-0x1a5fff:EW, 0x1a6000-0x1a6fff:EW, 0x1a7000-0x1a7fff:EW, 0x1a8000-0x1a8fff:EW, 0x1a9000-0x1a9fff:EW, 0x1aa000-0x1aafff:EW, 0x1ab000-0x1abfff:EW, 0x1ac000-0x1acfff:EW, 0x1ad000-0x1adfff:EW, 0x1ae000-0x1aefff:EW, 0x1af000-0x1affff:EW, 0x1b0000-0x1b0fff:EW, 0x1b1000-0x1b1fff:EW, 0x1b2000-0x1b2fff:EW, 0x1b3000-0x1b3fff:EW, 0x1b4000-0x1b4fff:EW, 0x1b5000-0x1b5fff:EW, 0x1b6000-0x1b6fff:EW, 0x1b7000-0x1b7fff:EW, 0x1b8000-0x1b8fff:EW, 0x1b9000-0x1b9fff:EW, 0x1ba000-0x1bafff:EW, 0x1bb000-0x1bbfff:EW, 0x1bc000-0x1bcfff:EW, 0x1bd000-0x1bdfff:EW, 0x1be000-0x1befff:EW, 0x1bf000-0x1bffff:EW, 0x1c0000-0x1c0fff:EW, 0x1c1000-0x1c1fff:EW, 0x1c2000-0x1c2fff:EW, 0x1c3000-0x1c3fff:EW, 0x1c4000-0x1c4fff:EW, 0x1c5000-0x1c5fff:EW, 0x1c6000-0x1c6fff:EW, 0x1c7000-0x1c7fff:EW, 0x1c8000-0x1c8fff:EW, 0x1c9000-0x1c9fff:EW, 0x1ca000-0x1cafff:EW, 0x1cb000-0x1cbfff:EW, 0x1cc000-0x1ccfff:EW, 0x1cd000-0x1cdfff:EW, 0x1ce000-0x1cefff:EW, 0x1cf000-0x1cffff:EW, 0x1d0000-0x1d0fff:EW, 0x1d1000-0x1d1fff:EW, 0x1d2000-0x1d2fff:EW, 0x1d3000-0x1d3fff:EW, 0x1d4000-0x1d4fff:EW, 0x1d5000-0x1d5fff:EW, 0x1d6000-0x1d6fff:EW, 0x1d7000-0x1d7fff:EW, 0x1d8000-0x1d8fff:EW, 0x1d9000-0x1d9fff:EW, 0x1da000-0x1dafff:EW, 0x1db000-0x1dbfff:EW, 0x1dc000-0x1dcfff:EW, 0x1dd000-0x1ddfff:EW, 0x1de000-0x1defff:EW, 0x1df000-0x1dffff:EW, 0x1e0000-0x1e0fff:EW, 0x1e1000-0x1e1fff:EW, 0x1e2000-0x1e2fff:EW, 0x1e3000-0x1e3fff:EW, 0x1e4000-0x1e4fff:EW, 0x1e5000-0x1e5fff:EW, 0x1e6000-0x1e6fff:EW, 0x1e7000-0x1e7fff:EW, 0x1e8000-0x1e8fff:EW, 0x1e9000-0x1e9fff:EW, 0x1ea000-0x1eafff:EW, 0x1eb000-0x1ebfff:EW, 0x1ec000-0x1ecfff:EW, 0x1ed000-0x1edfff:EW, 0x1ee000-0x1eefff:EW, 0x1ef000-0x1effff:EW, 0x1f0000-0x1f0fff:EW, 0x1f1000-0x1f1fff:EW, 0x1f2000-0x1f2fff:EW, 0x1f3000-0x1f3fff:EW, 0x1f4000-0x1f4fff:EW, 0x1f5000-0x1f5fff:W, 0x1f6000-0x1f6fff:W, 0x1f7000-0x1f7fff:S, 0x1f8000-0x1f8fff:S, 0x1f9000-0x1f9fff:S, 0x1fa000-0x1fafff:S, 0x1fb000-0x1fbfff:S, 0x1fc000-0x1fcfff:S, 0x1fd000-0x1fdfff:S, 0x1fe000-0x1fefff:S, 0x1ff000-0x1fffff:S, 0x200000-0x200fff:S, 0x201000-0x201fff:S, 0x202000-0x202fff:S, 0x203000-0x203fff:S, 0x204000-0x204fff:S, 0x205000-0x205fff:S, 0x206000-0x206fff:S, 0x207000-0x207fff:S, 0x208000-0x208fff:S, 0x209000-0x209fff:S, 0x20a000-0x20afff:S, 0x20b000-0x20bfff:S, 0x20c000-0x20cfff:S, 0x20d000-0x20dfff:S, 0x20e000-0x20efff:S, 0x20f000-0x20ffff:S, 0x210000-0x210fff:S, 0x211000-0x211fff:S, 0x212000-0x212fff:S, 0x213000-0x213fff:S, 0x214000-0x214fff:S, 0x215000-0x215fff:S, 0x216000-0x216fff:S, 0x217000-0x217fff:S, 0x218000-0x218fff:S, 0x219000-0x219fff:S, 0x21a000-0x21afff:S, 0x21b000-0x21bfff:S, 0x21c000-0x21cfff:S, 0x21d000-0x21dfff:S, 0x21e000-0x21efff:S, 0x21f000-0x21ffff:S, 0x220000-0x220fff:S, 0x221000-0x221fff:S, 0x222000-0x222fff:S, 0x223000-0x223fff:S, 0x224000-0x224fff:S, 0x225000-0x225fff:S, 0x226000-0x226fff:S, 0x227000-0x227fff:S, 0x228000-0x228fff:S, 0x229000-0x229fff:S, 0x22a000-0x22afff:S, 0x22b000-0x22bfff:S, 0x22c000-0x22cfff:S, 0x22d000-0x22dfff:S, 0x22e000-0x22efff:S, 0x22f000-0x22ffff:S, 0x230000-0x230fff:S, 0x231000-0x231fff:S, 0x232000-0x232fff:S, 0x233000-0x233fff:S, 0x234000-0x234fff:S, 0x235000-0x235fff:S, 0x236000-0x236fff:S, 0x237000-0x237fff:S, 0x238000-0x238fff:S, 0x239000-0x239fff:S, 0x23a000-0x23afff:S, 0x23b000-0x23bfff:S, 0x23c000-0x23cfff:S, 0x23d000-0x23dfff:S, 0x23e000-0x23efff:S, 0x23f000-0x23ffff:S, 0x240000-0x240fff:S, 0x241000-0x241fff:S, 0x242000-0x242fff:S, 0x243000-0x243fff:S, 0x244000-0x244fff:S, 0x245000-0x245fff:S, 0x246000-0x246fff:S, 0x247000-0x247fff:S, 0x248000-0x248fff:S, 0x249000-0x249fff:S, 0x24a000-0x24afff:S, 0x24b000-0x24bfff:S, 0x24c000-0x24cfff:S, 0x24d000-0x24dfff:EW, 0x24e000-0x24efff:EW, 0x24f000-0x24ffff:EW, 0x250000-0x250fff:EW, 0x251000-0x251fff:EW, 0x252000-0x252fff:EW, 0x253000-0x253fff:EW, 0x254000-0x254fff:EW, 0x255000-0x255fff:EW, 0x256000-0x256fff:EW, 0x257000-0x257fff:EW, 0x258000-0x258fff:EW, 0x259000-0x259fff:EW, 0x25a000-0x25afff:EW, 0x25b000-0x25bfff:EW, 0x25c000-0x25cfff:EW, 0x25d000-0x25dfff:EW, 0x25e000-0x25efff:EW, 0x25f000-0x25ffff:EW, 0x260000-0x260fff:EW, 0x261000-0x261fff:EW, 0x262000-0x262fff:EW, 0x263000-0x263fff:EW, 0x264000-0x264fff:EW, 0x265000-0x265fff:EW, 0x266000-0x266fff:EW, 0x267000-0x267fff:EW, 0x268000-0x268fff:EW, 0x269000-0x269fff:EW, 0x26a000-0x26afff:EW, 0x26b000-0x26bfff:EW, 0x26c000-0x26cfff:EW, 0x26d000-0x26dfff:EW, 0x26e000-0x26efff:EW, 0x26f000-0x26ffff:EW, 0x270000-0x270fff:EW, 0x271000-0x271fff:EW, 0x272000-0x272fff:EW, 0x273000-0x273fff:EW, 0x274000-0x274fff:EW, 0x275000-0x275fff:EW, 0x276000-0x276fff:EW, 0x277000-0x277fff:EW, 0x278000-0x278fff:EW, 0x279000-0x279fff:EW, 0x27a000-0x27afff:EW, 0x27b000-0x27bfff:EW, 0x27c000-0x27cfff:EW, 0x27d000-0x27dfff:EW, 0x27e000-0x27efff:EW, 0x27f000-0x27ffff:EW, 0x280000-0x280fff:EW, 0x281000-0x281fff:EW, 0x282000-0x282fff:EW, 0x283000-0x283fff:EW, 0x284000-0x284fff:EW, 0x285000-0x285fff:EW, 0x286000-0x286fff:EW, 0x287000-0x287fff:EW, 0x288000-0x288fff:EW, 0x289000-0x289fff:EW, 0x28a000-0x28afff:EW, 0x28b000-0x28bfff:EW, 0x28c000-0x28cfff:EW, 0x28d000-0x28dfff:EW, 0x28e000-0x28efff:EW, 0x28f000-0x28ffff:EW, 0x290000-0x290fff:EW, 0x291000-0x291fff:EW, 0x292000-0x292fff:EW, 0x293000-0x293fff:EW, 0x294000-0x294fff:EW, 0x295000-0x295fff:EW, 0x296000-0x296fff:EW, 0x297000-0x297fff:EW, 0x298000-0x298fff:EW, 0x299000-0x299fff:EW, 0x29a000-0x29afff:EW, 0x29b000-0x29bfff:EW, 0x29c000-0x29cfff:EW, 0x29d000-0x29dfff:EW, 0x29e000-0x29efff:EW, 0x29f000-0x29ffff:EW, 0x2a0000-0x2a0fff:EW, 0x2a1000-0x2a1fff:EW, 0x2a2000-0x2a2fff:EW, 0x2a3000-0x2a3fff:EW, 0x2a4000-0x2a4fff:EW, 0x2a5000-0x2a5fff:EW, 0x2a6000-0x2a6fff:EW, 0x2a7000-0x2a7fff:EW, 0x2a8000-0x2a8fff:EW, 0x2a9000-0x2a9fff:EW, 0x2aa000-0x2aafff:EW, 0x2ab000-0x2abfff:EW, 0x2ac000-0x2acfff:EW, 0x2ad000-0x2adfff:EW, 0x2ae000-0x2aefff:EW, 0x2af000-0x2affff:EW, 0x2b0000-0x2b0fff:EW, 0x2b1000-0x2b1fff:EW, 0x2b2000-0x2b2fff:EW, 0x2b3000-0x2b3fff:EW, 0x2b4000-0x2b4fff:EW, 0x2b5000-0x2b5fff:EW, 0x2b6000-0x2b6fff:EW, 0x2b7000-0x2b7fff:EW, 0x2b8000-0x2b8fff:EW, 0x2b9000-0x2b9fff:EW, 0x2ba000-0x2bafff:EW, 0x2bb000-0x2bbfff:EW, 0x2bc000-0x2bcfff:EW, 0x2bd000-0x2bdfff:EW, 0x2be000-0x2befff:EW, 0x2bf000-0x2bffff:EW, 0x2c0000-0x2c0fff:EW, 0x2c1000-0x2c1fff:EW, 0x2c2000-0x2c2fff:EW, 0x2c3000-0x2c3fff:EW, 0x2c4000-0x2c4fff:EW, 0x2c5000-0x2c5fff:EW, 0x2c6000-0x2c6fff:EW, 0x2c7000-0x2c7fff:EW, 0x2c8000-0x2c8fff:EW, 0x2c9000-0x2c9fff:EW, 0x2ca000-0x2cafff:EW, 0x2cb000-0x2cbfff:EW, 0x2cc000-0x2ccfff:EW, 0x2cd000-0x2cdfff:EW, 0x2ce000-0x2cefff:EW, 0x2cf000-0x2cffff:EW, 0x2d0000-0x2d0fff:EW, 0x2d1000-0x2d1fff:EW, 0x2d2000-0x2d2fff:EW, 0x2d3000-0x2d3fff:EW, 0x2d4000-0x2d4fff:EW, 0x2d5000-0x2d5fff:EW, 0x2d6000-0x2d6fff:EW, 0x2d7000-0x2d7fff:EW, 0x2d8000-0x2d8fff:EW, 0x2d9000-0x2d9fff:EW, 0x2da000-0x2dafff:EW, 0x2db000-0x2dbfff:EW, 0x2dc000-0x2dcfff:EW, 0x2dd000-0x2ddfff:EW, 0x2de000-0x2defff:EW, 0x2df000-0x2dffff:EW, 0x2e0000-0x2e0fff:EW, 0x2e1000-0x2e1fff:EW, 0x2e2000-0x2e2fff:EW, 0x2e3000-0x2e3fff:EW, 0x2e4000-0x2e4fff:EW, 0x2e5000-0x2e5fff:EW, 0x2e6000-0x2e6fff:EW, 0x2e7000-0x2e7fff:EW, 0x2e8000-0x2e8fff:EW, 0x2e9000-0x2e9fff:EW, 0x2ea000-0x2eafff:EW, 0x2eb000-0x2ebfff:EW, 0x2ec000-0x2ecfff:EW, 0x2ed000-0x2edfff:EW, 0x2ee000-0x2eefff:EW, 0x2ef000-0x2effff:EW, 0x2f0000-0x2f0fff:EW, 0x2f1000-0x2f1fff:EW, 0x2f2000-0x2f2fff:EW, 0x2f3000-0x2f3fff:EW, 0x2f4000-0x2f4fff:EW, 0x2f5000-0x2f5fff:EW, 0x2f6000-0x2f6fff:EW, 0x2f7000-0x2f7fff:EW, 0x2f8000-0x2f8fff:EW, 0x2f9000-0x2f9fff:EW, 0x2fa000-0x2fafff:EW, 0x2fb000-0x2fbfff:EW, 0x2fc000-0x2fcfff:EW, 0x2fd000-0x2fdfff:EW, 0x2fe000-0x2fefff:EW, 0x2ff000-0x2fffff:EW, 0x300000-0x300fff:EW, 0x301000-0x301fff:EW, 0x302000-0x302fff:EW, 0x303000-0x303fff:EW, 0x304000-0x304fff:EW, 0x305000-0x305fff:EW, 0x306000-0x306fff:EW, 0x307000-0x307fff:EW, 0x308000-0x308fff:EW, 0x309000-0x309fff:EW, 0x30a000-0x30afff:EW, 0x30b000-0x30bfff:EW, 0x30c000-0x30cfff:EW, 0x30d000-0x30dfff:EW, 0x30e000-0x30efff:EW, 0x30f000-0x30ffff:EW, 0x310000-0x310fff:EW, 0x311000-0x311fff:EW, 0x312000-0x312fff:EW, 0x313000-0x313fff:EW, 0x314000-0x314fff:EW, 0x315000-0x315fff:EW, 0x316000-0x316fff:EW, 0x317000-0x317fff:EW, 0x318000-0x318fff:EW, 0x319000-0x319fff:EW, 0x31a000-0x31afff:EW, 0x31b000-0x31bfff:EW, 0x31c000-0x31cfff:EW, 0x31d000-0x31dfff:EW, 0x31e000-0x31efff:EW, 0x31f000-0x31ffff:EW, 0x320000-0x320fff:EW, 0x321000-0x321fff:EW, 0x322000-0x322fff:EW, 0x323000-0x323fff:EW, 0x324000-0x324fff:EW, 0x325000-0x325fff:EW, 0x326000-0x326fff:EW, 0x327000-0x327fff:EW, 0x328000-0x328fff:EW, 0x329000-0x329fff:EW, 0x32a000-0x32afff:EW, 0x32b000-0x32bfff:EW, 0x32c000-0x32cfff:EW, 0x32d000-0x32dfff:EW, 0x32e000-0x32efff:EW, 0x32f000-0x32ffff:EW, 0x330000-0x330fff:EW, 0x331000-0x331fff:EW, 0x332000-0x332fff:EW, 0x333000-0x333fff:EW, 0x334000-0x334fff:EW, 0x335000-0x335fff:EW, 0x336000-0x336fff:EW, 0x337000-0x337fff:EW, 0x338000-0x338fff:EW, 0x339000-0x339fff:EW, 0x33a000-0x33afff:EW, 0x33b000-0x33bfff:EW, 0x33c000-0x33cfff:EW, 0x33d000-0x33dfff:EW, 0x33e000-0x33efff:EW, 0x33f000-0x33ffff:EW, 0x340000-0x340fff:EW, 0x341000-0x341fff:EW, 0x342000-0x342fff:EW, 0x343000-0x343fff:EW, 0x344000-0x344fff:EW, 0x345000-0x345fff:EW, 0x346000-0x346fff:EW, 0x347000-0x347fff:EW, 0x348000-0x348fff:EW, 0x349000-0x349fff:EW, 0x34a000-0x34afff:EW, 0x34b000-0x34bfff:EW, 0x34c000-0x34cfff:EW, 0x34d000-0x34dfff:EW, 0x34e000-0x34efff:EW, 0x34f000-0x34ffff:EW, 0x350000-0x350fff:EW, 0x351000-0x351fff:EW, 0x352000-0x352fff:EW, 0x353000-0x353fff:EW, 0x354000-0x354fff:EW, 0x355000-0x355fff:EW, 0x356000-0x356fff:EW, 0x357000-0x357fff:EW, 0x358000-0x358fff:EW, 0x359000-0x359fff:EW, 0x35a000-0x35afff:EW, 0x35b000-0x35bfff:EW, 0x35c000-0x35cfff:EW, 0x35d000-0x35dfff:EW, 0x35e000-0x35efff:EW, 0x35f000-0x35ffff:EW, 0x360000-0x360fff:EW, 0x361000-0x361fff:EW, 0x362000-0x362fff:EW, 0x363000-0x363fff:EW, 0x364000-0x364fff:EW, 0x365000-0x365fff:EW, 0x366000-0x366fff:EW, 0x367000-0x367fff:EW, 0x368000-0x368fff:EW, 0x369000-0x369fff:EW, 0x36a000-0x36afff:EW, 0x36b000-0x36bfff:EW, 0x36c000-0x36cfff:EW, 0x36d000-0x36dfff:EW, 0x36e000-0x36efff:EW, 0x36f000-0x36ffff:EW, 0x370000-0x370fff:EW, 0x371000-0x371fff:EW, 0x372000-0x372fff:EW, 0x373000-0x373fff:EW, 0x374000-0x374fff:EW, 0x375000-0x375fff:EW, 0x376000-0x376fff:EW, 0x377000-0x377fff:EW, 0x378000-0x378fff:EW, 0x379000-0x379fff:EW, 0x37a000-0x37afff:EW, 0x37b000-0x37bfff:EW, 0x37c000-0x37cfff:EW, 0x37d000-0x37dfff:EW, 0x37e000-0x37efff:EW, 0x37f000-0x37ffff:EW, 0x380000-0x380fff:EW, 0x381000-0x381fff:EW, 0x382000-0x382fff:EW, 0x383000-0x383fff:EW, 0x384000-0x384fff:EW, 0x385000-0x385fff:EW, 0x386000-0x386fff:EW, 0x387000-0x387fff:EW, 0x388000-0x388fff:EW, 0x389000-0x389fff:EW, 0x38a000-0x38afff:EW, 0x38b000-0x38bfff:EW, 0x38c000-0x38cfff:EW, 0x38d000-0x38dfff:EW, 0x38e000-0x38efff:EW, 0x38f000-0x38ffff:EW, 0x390000-0x390fff:EW, 0x391000-0x391fff:EW, 0x392000-0x392fff:EW, 0x393000-0x393fff:EW, 0x394000-0x394fff:EW, 0x395000-0x395fff:EW, 0x396000-0x396fff:EW, 0x397000-0x397fff:EW, 0x398000-0x398fff:EW, 0x399000-0x399fff:EW, 0x39a000-0x39afff:EW, 0x39b000-0x39bfff:EW, 0x39c000-0x39cfff:EW, 0x39d000-0x39dfff:EW, 0x39e000-0x39efff:EW, 0x39f000-0x39ffff:EW, 0x3a0000-0x3a0fff:EW, 0x3a1000-0x3a1fff:EW, 0x3a2000-0x3a2fff:EW, 0x3a3000-0x3a3fff:EW, 0x3a4000-0x3a4fff:EW, 0x3a5000-0x3a5fff:EW, 0x3a6000-0x3a6fff:EW, 0x3a7000-0x3a7fff:EW, 0x3a8000-0x3a8fff:EW, 0x3a9000-0x3a9fff:EW, 0x3aa000-0x3aafff:EW, 0x3ab000-0x3abfff:EW, 0x3ac000-0x3acfff:EW, 0x3ad000-0x3adfff:EW, 0x3ae000-0x3aefff:EW, 0x3af000-0x3affff:EW, 0x3b0000-0x3b0fff:EW, 0x3b1000-0x3b1fff:EW, 0x3b2000-0x3b2fff:EW, 0x3b3000-0x3b3fff:EW, 0x3b4000-0x3b4fff:EW, 0x3b5000-0x3b5fff:EW, 0x3b6000-0x3b6fff:EW, 0x3b7000-0x3b7fff:EW, 0x3b8000-0x3b8fff:EW, 0x3b9000-0x3b9fff:EW, 0x3ba000-0x3bafff:EW, 0x3bb000-0x3bbfff:EW, 0x3bc000-0x3bcfff:EW, 0x3bd000-0x3bdfff:EW, 0x3be000-0x3befff:EW, 0x3bf000-0x3bffff:EW, 0x3c0000-0x3c0fff:EW, 0x3c1000-0x3c1fff:EW, 0x3c2000-0x3c2fff:EW, 0x3c3000-0x3c3fff:EW, 0x3c4000-0x3c4fff:EW, 0x3c5000-0x3c5fff:EW, 0x3c6000-0x3c6fff:EW, 0x3c7000-0x3c7fff:EW, 0x3c8000-0x3c8fff:EW, 0x3c9000-0x3c9fff:EW, 0x3ca000-0x3cafff:EW, 0x3cb000-0x3cbfff:EW, 0x3cc000-0x3ccfff:EW, 0x3cd000-0x3cdfff:EW, 0x3ce000-0x3cefff:EW, 0x3cf000-0x3cffff:EW, 0x3d0000-0x3d0fff:EW, 0x3d1000-0x3d1fff:EW, 0x3d2000-0x3d2fff:EW, 0x3d3000-0x3d3fff:EW, 0x3d4000-0x3d4fff:EW, 0x3d5000-0x3d5fff:EW, 0x3d6000-0x3d6fff:EW, 0x3d7000-0x3d7fff:EW, 0x3d8000-0x3d8fff:EW, 0x3d9000-0x3d9fff:EW, 0x3da000-0x3dafff:EW, 0x3db000-0x3dbfff:EW, 0x3dc000-0x3dcfff:EW, 0x3dd000-0x3ddfff:EW, 0x3de000-0x3defff:EW, 0x3df000-0x3dffff:EW, 0x3e0000-0x3e0fff:EW, 0x3e1000-0x3e1fff:EW, 0x3e2000-0x3e2fff:EW, 0x3e3000-0x3e3fff:EW, 0x3e4000-0x3e4fff:EW, 0x3e5000-0x3e5fff:EW, 0x3e6000-0x3e6fff:EW, 0x3e7000-0x3e7fff:EW, 0x3e8000-0x3e8fff:EW, 0x3e9000-0x3e9fff:EW, 0x3ea000-0x3eafff:EW, 0x3eb000-0x3ebfff:EW, 0x3ec000-0x3ecfff:EW, 0x3ed000-0x3edfff:EW, 0x3ee000-0x3eefff:EW, 0x3ef000-0x3effff:EW, 0x3f0000-0x3f0fff:EW, 0x3f1000-0x3f1fff:EW, 0x3f2000-0x3f2fff:EW, 0x3f3000-0x3f3fff:EW, 0x3f4000-0x3f4fff:EW, 0x3f5000-0x3f5fff:EW, 0x3f6000-0x3f6fff:EW, 0x3f7000-0x3f7fff:EW, 0x3f8000-0x3f8fff:EW, 0x3f9000-0x3f9fff:EW, 0x3fa000-0x3fafff:EW, 0x3fb000-0x3fbfff:W, 0x3fc000-0x3fcfff:W, 0x3fd000-0x3fdfff:W, 0x3fe000-0x3fefff:W, 0x3ff000-0x3fffff:W, 0x400000-0x400fff:W, 0x401000-0x401fff:W, 0x402000-0x402fff:W, 0x403000-0x403fff:W, 0x404000-0x404fff:W, 0x405000-0x405fff:W, 0x406000-0x406fff:S, 0x407000-0x407fff:S, 0x408000-0x408fff:S, 0x409000-0x409fff:S, 0x40a000-0x40afff:S, 0x40b000-0x40bfff:S, 0x40c000-0x40cfff:S, 0x40d000-0x40dfff:S, 0x40e000-0x40efff:S, 0x40f000-0x40ffff:S, 0x410000-0x410fff:S, 0x411000-0x411fff:S, 0x412000-0x412fff:S, 0x413000-0x413fff:S, 0x414000-0x414fff:S, 0x415000-0x415fff:S, 0x416000-0x416fff:S, 0x417000-0x417fff:S, 0x418000-0x418fff:S, 0x419000-0x419fff:S, 0x41a000-0x41afff:S, 0x41b000-0x41bfff:S, 0x41c000-0x41cfff:S, 0x41d000-0x41dfff:S, 0x41e000-0x41efff:S, 0x41f000-0x41ffff:S, 0x420000-0x420fff:S, 0x421000-0x421fff:S, 0x422000-0x422fff:S, 0x423000-0x423fff:S, 0x424000-0x424fff:S, 0x425000-0x425fff:S, 0x426000-0x426fff:S, 0x427000-0x427fff:S, 0x428000-0x428fff:S, 0x429000-0x429fff:S, 0x42a000-0x42afff:S, 0x42b000-0x42bfff:S, 0x42c000-0x42cfff:S, 0x42d000-0x42dfff:S, 0x42e000-0x42efff:S, 0x42f000-0x42ffff:S, 0x430000-0x430fff:S, 0x431000-0x431fff:S, 0x432000-0x432fff:S, 0x433000-0x433fff:S, 0x434000-0x434fff:S, 0x435000-0x435fff:S, 0x436000-0x436fff:S, 0x437000-0x437fff:S, 0x438000-0x438fff:S, 0x439000-0x439fff:S, 0x43a000-0x43afff:S, 0x43b000-0x43bfff:S, 0x43c000-0x43cfff:S, 0x43d000-0x43dfff:S, 0x43e000-0x43efff:S, 0x43f000-0x43ffff:S, 0x440000-0x440fff:S, 0x441000-0x441fff:S, 0x442000-0x442fff:S, 0x443000-0x443fff:S, 0x444000-0x444fff:S, 0x445000-0x445fff:S, 0x446000-0x446fff:S, 0x447000-0x447fff:S, 0x448000-0x448fff:S, 0x449000-0x449fff:S, 0x44a000-0x44afff:S, 0x44b000-0x44bfff:S, 0x44c000-0x44cfff:S, 0x44d000-0x44dfff:S, 0x44e000-0x44efff:S, 0x44f000-0x44ffff:S, 0x450000-0x450fff:S, 0x451000-0x451fff:S, 0x452000-0x452fff:S, 0x453000-0x453fff:S, 0x454000-0x454fff:S, 0x455000-0x455fff:S, 0x456000-0x456fff:S, 0x457000-0x457fff:S, 0x458000-0x458fff:S, 0x459000-0x459fff:S, 0x45a000-0x45afff:S, 0x45b000-0x45bfff:S, 0x45c000-0x45cfff:S, 0x45d000-0x45dfff:S, 0x45e000-0x45efff:S, 0x45f000-0x45ffff:S, 0x460000-0x460fff:S, 0x461000-0x461fff:S, 0x462000-0x462fff:S, 0x463000-0x463fff:S, 0x464000-0x464fff:S, 0x465000-0x465fff:S, 0x466000-0x466fff:S, 0x467000-0x467fff:S, 0x468000-0x468fff:S, 0x469000-0x469fff:S, 0x46a000-0x46afff:S, 0x46b000-0x46bfff:S, 0x46c000-0x46cfff:S, 0x46d000-0x46dfff:S, 0x46e000-0x46efff:S, 0x46f000-0x46ffff:S, 0x470000-0x470fff:S, 0x471000-0x471fff:S, 0x472000-0x472fff:S, 0x473000-0x473fff:S, 0x474000-0x474fff:S, 0x475000-0x475fff:S, 0x476000-0x476fff:S, 0x477000-0x477fff:S, 0x478000-0x478fff:S, 0x479000-0x479fff:S, 0x47a000-0x47afff:S, 0x47b000-0x47bfff:S, 0x47c000-0x47cfff:S, 0x47d000-0x47dfff:S, 0x47e000-0x47efff:S, 0x47f000-0x47ffff:S, 0x480000-0x480fff:S, 0x481000-0x481fff:S, 0x482000-0x482fff:S, 0x483000-0x483fff:S, 0x484000-0x484fff:S, 0x485000-0x485fff:S, 0x486000-0x486fff:S, 0x487000-0x487fff:S, 0x488000-0x488fff:S, 0x489000-0x489fff:S, 0x48a000-0x48afff:S, 0x48b000-0x48bfff:S, 0x48c000-0x48cfff:S, 0x48d000-0x48dfff:S, 0x48e000-0x48efff:S, 0x48f000-0x48ffff:S, 0x490000-0x490fff:S, 0x491000-0x491fff:S, 0x492000-0x492fff:S, 0x493000-0x493fff:S, 0x494000-0x494fff:S, 0x495000-0x495fff:S, 0x496000-0x496fff:S, 0x497000-0x497fff:S, 0x498000-0x498fff:S, 0x499000-0x499fff:S, 0x49a000-0x49afff:S, 0x49b000-0x49bfff:S, 0x49c000-0x49cfff:S, 0x49d000-0x49dfff:S, 0x49e000-0x49efff:S, 0x49f000-0x49ffff:S, 0x4a0000-0x4a0fff:S, 0x4a1000-0x4a1fff:S, 0x4a2000-0x4a2fff:S, 0x4a3000-0x4a3fff:S, 0x4a4000-0x4a4fff:S, 0x4a5000-0x4a5fff:S, 0x4a6000-0x4a6fff:S, 0x4a7000-0x4a7fff:S, 0x4a8000-0x4a8fff:S, 0x4a9000-0x4a9fff:S, 0x4aa000-0x4aafff:S, 0x4ab000-0x4abfff:S, 0x4ac000-0x4acfff:S, 0x4ad000-0x4adfff:S, 0x4ae000-0x4aefff:S, 0x4af000-0x4affff:S, 0x4b0000-0x4b0fff:S, 0x4b1000-0x4b1fff:S, 0x4b2000-0x4b2fff:S, 0x4b3000-0x4b3fff:S, 0x4b4000-0x4b4fff:S, 0x4b5000-0x4b5fff:S, 0x4b6000-0x4b6fff:S, 0x4b7000-0x4b7fff:S, 0x4b8000-0x4b8fff:S, 0x4b9000-0x4b9fff:S, 0x4ba000-0x4bafff:S, 0x4bb000-0x4bbfff:S, 0x4bc000-0x4bcfff:S, 0x4bd000-0x4bdfff:S, 0x4be000-0x4befff:S, 0x4bf000-0x4bffff:S, 0x4c0000-0x4c0fff:S, 0x4c1000-0x4c1fff:S, 0x4c2000-0x4c2fff:S, 0x4c3000-0x4c3fff:S, 0x4c4000-0x4c4fff:S, 0x4c5000-0x4c5fff:S, 0x4c6000-0x4c6fff:S, 0x4c7000-0x4c7fff:S, 0x4c8000-0x4c8fff:S, 0x4c9000-0x4c9fff:S, 0x4ca000-0x4cafff:S, 0x4cb000-0x4cbfff:S, 0x4cc000-0x4ccfff:S, 0x4cd000-0x4cdfff:S, 0x4ce000-0x4cefff:S, 0x4cf000-0x4cffff:S, 0x4d0000-0x4d0fff:S, 0x4d1000-0x4d1fff:S, 0x4d2000-0x4d2fff:S, 0x4d3000-0x4d3fff:S, 0x4d4000-0x4d4fff:S, 0x4d5000-0x4d5fff:S, 0x4d6000-0x4d6fff:S, 0x4d7000-0x4d7fff:S, 0x4d8000-0x4d8fff:S, 0x4d9000-0x4d9fff:S, 0x4da000-0x4dafff:S, 0x4db000-0x4dbfff:S, 0x4dc000-0x4dcfff:S, 0x4dd000-0x4ddfff:S, 0x4de000-0x4defff:S, 0x4df000-0x4dffff:S, 0x4e0000-0x4e0fff:S, 0x4e1000-0x4e1fff:S, 0x4e2000-0x4e2fff:S, 0x4e3000-0x4e3fff:S, 0x4e4000-0x4e4fff:S, 0x4e5000-0x4e5fff:S, 0x4e6000-0x4e6fff:S, 0x4e7000-0x4e7fff:S, 0x4e8000-0x4e8fff:S, 0x4e9000-0x4e9fff:S, 0x4ea000-0x4eafff:S, 0x4eb000-0x4ebfff:S, 0x4ec000-0x4ecfff:S, 0x4ed000-0x4edfff:S, 0x4ee000-0x4eefff:S, 0x4ef000-0x4effff:S, 0x4f0000-0x4f0fff:S, 0x4f1000-0x4f1fff:S, 0x4f2000-0x4f2fff:S, 0x4f3000-0x4f3fff:S, 0x4f4000-0x4f4fff:S, 0x4f5000-0x4f5fff:S, 0x4f6000-0x4f6fff:S, 0x4f7000-0x4f7fff:S, 0x4f8000-0x4f8fff:S, 0x4f9000-0x4f9fff:S, 0x4fa000-0x4fafff:S, 0x4fb000-0x4fbfff:S, 0x4fc000-0x4fcfff:S, 0x4fd000-0x4fdfff:S, 0x4fe000-0x4fefff:S, 0x4ff000-0x4fffff:S, 0x500000-0x500fff:EW, 0x501000-0x501fff:E, 0x502000-0x502fff:E, 0x503000-0x503fff:E, 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0x533000-0x533fff:E, 0x534000-0x534fff:E, 0x535000-0x535fff:E, 0x536000-0x536fff:E, 0x537000-0x537fff:E, 0x538000-0x538fff:E, 0x539000-0x539fff:E, 0x53a000-0x53afff:E, 0x53b000-0x53bfff:E, 0x53c000-0x53cfff:E, 0x53d000-0x53dfff:E, 0x53e000-0x53efff:E, 0x53f000-0x53ffff:E, 0x540000-0x540fff:S, 0x541000-0x541fff:S, 0x542000-0x542fff:S, 0x543000-0x543fff:S, 0x544000-0x544fff:S, 0x545000-0x545fff:S, 0x546000-0x546fff:S, 0x547000-0x547fff:S, 0x548000-0x548fff:S, 0x549000-0x549fff:S, 0x54a000-0x54afff:S, 0x54b000-0x54bfff:S, 0x54c000-0x54cfff:S, 0x54d000-0x54dfff:S, 0x54e000-0x54efff:S, 0x54f000-0x54ffff:S, 0x550000-0x550fff:S, 0x551000-0x551fff:S, 0x552000-0x552fff:S, 0x553000-0x553fff:S, 0x554000-0x554fff:S, 0x555000-0x555fff:S, 0x556000-0x556fff:S, 0x557000-0x557fff:S, 0x558000-0x558fff:S, 0x559000-0x559fff:S, 0x55a000-0x55afff:S, 0x55b000-0x55bfff:S, 0x55c000-0x55cfff:S, 0x55d000-0x55dfff:S, 0x55e000-0x55efff:S, 0x55f000-0x55ffff:S, 0x560000-0x560fff:S, 0x561000-0x561fff:S, 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0x6da000-0x6dafff:S, 0x6db000-0x6dbfff:S, 0x6dc000-0x6dcfff:S, 0x6dd000-0x6ddfff:S, 0x6de000-0x6defff:S, 0x6df000-0x6dffff:S, 0x6e0000-0x6e0fff:S, 0x6e1000-0x6e1fff:S, 0x6e2000-0x6e2fff:S, 0x6e3000-0x6e3fff:S, 0x6e4000-0x6e4fff:S, 0x6e5000-0x6e5fff:S, 0x6e6000-0x6e6fff:S, 0x6e7000-0x6e7fff:S, 0x6e8000-0x6e8fff:S, 0x6e9000-0x6e9fff:S, 0x6ea000-0x6eafff:S, 0x6eb000-0x6ebfff:S, 0x6ec000-0x6ecfff:S, 0x6ed000-0x6edfff:S, 0x6ee000-0x6eefff:S, 0x6ef000-0x6effff:S, 0x6f0000-0x6f0fff:S, 0x6f1000-0x6f1fff:S, 0x6f2000-0x6f2fff:S, 0x6f3000-0x6f3fff:S, 0x6f4000-0x6f4fff:S, 0x6f5000-0x6f5fff:S, 0x6f6000-0x6f6fff:S, 0x6f7000-0x6f7fff:S, 0x6f8000-0x6f8fff:S, 0x6f9000-0x6f9fff:S, 0x6fa000-0x6fafff:S, 0x6fb000-0x6fbfff:S, 0x6fc000-0x6fcfff:S, 0x6fd000-0x6fdfff:S, 0x6fe000-0x6fefff:S, 0x6ff000-0x6fffff:S, 0x700000-0x700fff:S, 0x701000-0x701fff:S, 0x702000-0x702fff:S, 0x703000-0x703fff:S, 0x704000-0x704fff:S, 0x705000-0x705fff:S, 0x706000-0x706fff:S, 0x707000-0x707fff:S, 0x708000-0x708fff:S, 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0x738000-0x738fff:S, 0x739000-0x739fff:S, 0x73a000-0x73afff:S, 0x73b000-0x73bfff:S, 0x73c000-0x73cfff:S, 0x73d000-0x73dfff:S, 0x73e000-0x73efff:S, 0x73f000-0x73ffff:S, 0x740000-0x740fff:S, 0x741000-0x741fff:S, 0x742000-0x742fff:S, 0x743000-0x743fff:S, 0x744000-0x744fff:S, 0x745000-0x745fff:S, 0x746000-0x746fff:S, 0x747000-0x747fff:S, 0x748000-0x748fff:S, 0x749000-0x749fff:S, 0x74a000-0x74afff:S, 0x74b000-0x74bfff:S, 0x74c000-0x74cfff:S, 0x74d000-0x74dfff:S, 0x74e000-0x74efff:S, 0x74f000-0x74ffff:S, 0x750000-0x750fff:S, 0x751000-0x751fff:S, 0x752000-0x752fff:S, 0x753000-0x753fff:S, 0x754000-0x754fff:S, 0x755000-0x755fff:S, 0x756000-0x756fff:S, 0x757000-0x757fff:S, 0x758000-0x758fff:S, 0x759000-0x759fff:S, 0x75a000-0x75afff:S, 0x75b000-0x75bfff:S, 0x75c000-0x75cfff:S, 0x75d000-0x75dfff:S, 0x75e000-0x75efff:S, 0x75f000-0x75ffff:S, 0x760000-0x760fff:S, 0x761000-0x761fff:S, 0x762000-0x762fff:S, 0x763000-0x763fff:S, 0x764000-0x764fff:S, 0x765000-0x765fff:S, 0x766000-0x766fff:S, 0x767000-0x767fff:S, 0x768000-0x768fff:S, 0x769000-0x769fff:S, 0x76a000-0x76afff:S, 0x76b000-0x76bfff:S, 0x76c000-0x76cfff:S, 0x76d000-0x76dfff:S, 0x76e000-0x76efff:S, 0x76f000-0x76ffff:S, 0x770000-0x770fff:S, 0x771000-0x771fff:S, 0x772000-0x772fff:S, 0x773000-0x773fff:S, 0x774000-0x774fff:S, 0x775000-0x775fff:S, 0x776000-0x776fff:S, 0x777000-0x777fff:S, 0x778000-0x778fff:S, 0x779000-0x779fff:S, 0x77a000-0x77afff:S, 0x77b000-0x77bfff:S, 0x77c000-0x77cfff:S, 0x77d000-0x77dfff:S, 0x77e000-0x77efff:S, 0x77f000-0x77ffff:S, 0x780000-0x780fff:S, 0x781000-0x781fff:S, 0x782000-0x782fff:S, 0x783000-0x783fff:S, 0x784000-0x784fff:S, 0x785000-0x785fff:S, 0x786000-0x786fff:S, 0x787000-0x787fff:S, 0x788000-0x788fff:S, 0x789000-0x789fff:S, 0x78a000-0x78afff:S, 0x78b000-0x78bfff:S, 0x78c000-0x78cfff:S, 0x78d000-0x78dfff:S, 0x78e000-0x78efff:S, 0x78f000-0x78ffff:S, 0x790000-0x790fff:S, 0x791000-0x791fff:S, 0x792000-0x792fff:S, 0x793000-0x793fff:S, 0x794000-0x794fff:S, 0x795000-0x795fff:S, 0x796000-0x796fff:S, 0x797000-0x797fff:S, 0x798000-0x798fff:S, 0x799000-0x799fff:S, 0x79a000-0x79afff:S, 0x79b000-0x79bfff:S, 0x79c000-0x79cfff:S, 0x79d000-0x79dfff:S, 0x79e000-0x79efff:S, 0x79f000-0x79ffff:S, 0x7a0000-0x7a0fff:S, 0x7a1000-0x7a1fff:S, 0x7a2000-0x7a2fff:S, 0x7a3000-0x7a3fff:S, 0x7a4000-0x7a4fff:S, 0x7a5000-0x7a5fff:S, 0x7a6000-0x7a6fff:S, 0x7a7000-0x7a7fff:S, 0x7a8000-0x7a8fff:S, 0x7a9000-0x7a9fff:S, 0x7aa000-0x7aafff:S, 0x7ab000-0x7abfff:S, 0x7ac000-0x7acfff:S, 0x7ad000-0x7adfff:S, 0x7ae000-0x7aefff:S, 0x7af000-0x7affff:S, 0x7b0000-0x7b0fff:S, 0x7b1000-0x7b1fff:S, 0x7b2000-0x7b2fff:S, 0x7b3000-0x7b3fff:S, 0x7b4000-0x7b4fff:S, 0x7b5000-0x7b5fff:S, 0x7b6000-0x7b6fff:S, 0x7b7000-0x7b7fff:S, 0x7b8000-0x7b8fff:S, 0x7b9000-0x7b9fff:S, 0x7ba000-0x7bafff:S, 0x7bb000-0x7bbfff:S, 0x7bc000-0x7bcfff:S, 0x7bd000-0x7bdfff:S, 0x7be000-0x7befff:S, 0x7bf000-0x7bffff:S, 0x7c0000-0x7c0fff:S, 0x7c1000-0x7c1fff:S, 0x7c2000-0x7c2fff:S, 0x7c3000-0x7c3fff:S, 0x7c4000-0x7c4fff:S, 0x7c5000-0x7c5fff:S, 0x7c6000-0x7c6fff:S, 0x7c7000-0x7c7fff:S, 0x7c8000-0x7c8fff:S, 0x7c9000-0x7c9fff:S, 0x7ca000-0x7cafff:S, 0x7cb000-0x7cbfff:S, 0x7cc000-0x7ccfff:S, 0x7cd000-0x7cdfff:EW, 0x7ce000-0x7cefff:S, 0x7cf000-0x7cffff:S, 0x7d0000-0x7d0fff:S, 0x7d1000-0x7d1fff:S, 0x7d2000-0x7d2fff:S, 0x7d3000-0x7d3fff:S, 0x7d4000-0x7d4fff:S, 0x7d5000-0x7d5fff:S, 0x7d6000-0x7d6fff:S, 0x7d7000-0x7d7fff:S, 0x7d8000-0x7d8fff:S, 0x7d9000-0x7d9fff:S, 0x7da000-0x7dafff:S, 0x7db000-0x7dbfff:S, 0x7dc000-0x7dcfff:S, 0x7dd000-0x7ddfff:S, 0x7de000-0x7defff:S, 0x7df000-0x7dffff:S, 0x7e0000-0x7e0fff:S, 0x7e1000-0x7e1fff:S, 0x7e2000-0x7e2fff:EW, 0x7e3000-0x7e3fff:S, 0x7e4000-0x7e4fff:S, 0x7e5000-0x7e5fff:S, 0x7e6000-0x7e6fff:S, 0x7e7000-0x7e7fff:S, 0x7e8000-0x7e8fff:S, 0x7e9000-0x7e9fff:S, 0x7ea000-0x7eafff:S, 0x7eb000-0x7ebfff:S, 0x7ec000-0x7ecfff:S, 0x7ed000-0x7edfff:S, 0x7ee000-0x7eefff:S, 0x7ef000-0x7effff:S, 0x7f0000-0x7f0fff:S, 0x7f1000-0x7f1fff:S, 0x7f2000-0x7f2fff:S, 0x7f3000-0x7f3fff:S, 0x7f4000-0x7f4fff:S, 0x7f5000-0x7f5fff:S, 0x7f6000-0x7f6fff:S, 0x7f7000-0x7f7fff:S, 0x7f8000-0x7f8fff:S, 0x7f9000-0x7f9fff:S, 0x7fa000-0x7fafff:S, 0x7fb000-0x7fbfff:S, 0x7fc000-0x7fcfff:S, 0x7fd000-0x7fdfff:S, 0x7fe000-0x7fefff:S, 0x7ff000-0x7fffff:S Erase/write done. Verifying flash... VERIFIED. Restoring MMIO space at 0x7fdce00358a0 Restoring PCI config space for 00:1f:0 reg 0xdc

1 0

MSI H87-G43 flash success
by Alexandr Paliy 01 Mar '17

01 Mar '17

Hello and thanks for your software. Motherboard: MSI H87-G43 ( https://msi.com/Motherboard/H87-G43.html ) Old BIOS version: 2.2 New BIOS version: 2.A (2.10) Remarks: Just followed your instructions, created backup of old ROM and then wrote new image. No troubles at all. Did not save logs of flashrom, so sorry if you would like to see them.

1 0

FAILED: Bay Trail
by mmzhang＠wiscom.com.cn 23 Feb '17

23 Feb '17

Dear Sir, I got a problem. A failure occured while freshing the bios. Here is the log: (1) # ./flashrom -w ok.bin -p internal flashrom v0.9.9-r1955 on Linux 3.14.42 (i686) flashrom is free software, get the source code at https://flashrom.org Calibrating delay loop... OK. Found chipset "Intel Bay Trail". Enabling flash write... Warning: BIOS region SMM protection is enabled! Warning: Setting Bios Control at 0x0 from 0x22 to 0x01 failed. New value is 0x22. OK. Found Winbond flash chip "W25Q64.W" (8192 kB, SPI) mapped at physical address 0xff800000. Reading old flash chip contents... done. Erasing and writing flash chip... Transaction error! spi_block_erase_20 failed during command execution at address 0x320000 Reading current flash chip contents... done. Looking for another erase function. Transaction error! spi_block_erase_52 failed during command execution at address 0x320000 Reading current flash chip contents... done. Looking for another erase function. Transaction error! spi_block_erase_d8 failed during command execution at address 0x320000 Reading current flash chip contents... done. Looking for another erase function. Transaction error! spi_nbyte_program failed during command execution at address 0x0 Reading current flash chip contents... done. Looking for another erase function. Transaction error! spi_nbyte_program failed during command execution at address 0x0 Looking for another erase function. No usable erase functions left. FAILED! Uh oh. Erase/write failed. Checking if anything has changed. Reading current flash chip contents... done. Apparently at least some data has changed. Your flash chip is in an unknown state. Get help on IRC at chat.freenode.net (channel #flashrom) or mail flashrom(a)flashrom.org with the subject "FAILED: <your board name>"! ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- DO NOT REBOOT OR POWEROFF! (2) #./flashrom -V flashrom v0.9.9-r1955 on Linux 3.14.42 (i686) flashrom is free software, get the source code at https://flashrom.org flashrom was built with libpci 3.2.1, GCC 4.9.2, little endian Command line (1 args): ./flashrom -V Please select a programmer with the --programmer parameter. Previously this was not necessary because there was a default set. To choose the mainboard of this computer use 'internal'. Valid choices are: internal, dummy, nic3com, nicrealtek, gfxnvidia, drkaiser, satasii, atavia, it8212, serprog, buspirate_spi, rayer_spi, pony_spi, nicintel, nicintel_spi, nicintel_eeprom, ogp_spi, satamv, linux_spi. Please help me Best Regards Daming mmzhang(a)wiscom.com.cn

1 0

Help with a BIOS
by Vinnie Sift 20 Feb '17

20 Feb '17

Hello! I need some help with a Bios. I have a computer given to me form my school, but the security sistem fails and the computer gets locked even two years after the graduation. Well anyway. The only solution that I have is flashing the BIOS but it has SecureFlash. I heard that using your program I can bypass it, but I don't even know what to download. The computer is a Intel with a EF10MI2 - Marble Point BIOS. It has Windows 8.1, a Debian based linux called Huayra and a UEFI Internal Shell. I already have the new BIOS Files. I will welcome any help.

1 0

USB device unavailable on macOS
by Thomas Köhn 15 Feb '17

15 Feb '17

Hi. Beginner's question probably: I cannot get flashrom 0.98 to run natively on macOS Sierra, but when I pull it through to a VM with Ubuntu and flashrom 0.92, it works. Error on macOS is "Unable to reset FTDI device (USB device unavailable).", but the FTDI cable is in fact plugged in, the device connected and correctly powered – the exact same hardware setup works in the VM. Here is the full flashrom output: flashrom v0.9.8-r1888 on Darwin 15.5.0 (x86_64) flashrom is free software, get the source code at http://www.flashrom.org Calibrating delay loop... OK. Unable to reset FTDI device (USB device unavailable). Unable to set latency timer (USB device unavailable). Unable to set bitmode to SPI (USB device unavailable). ftdi_write_data: -666, USB device unavailable Error: Programmer initialization failed. I made sure the USB is not captured by the VM. I even closed the VM, and later on restarted my native machine. At every step, I tried to run flashrom again, but got the exact same output. Any ideas what the reason for this is? Sounds to me like the physical connection works (since the VM worked), but somehow the macOS terminal has no access to it (although macOS in general has it, as I get a New Interfaces popup and again, the VM can access it). Thanks in advance! Thomas

1 0

FlashRom DOS - Pickit2
by Chris Nother 15 Feb '17

15 Feb '17

Hello, I am trying to use Flashrom with the Pickit2 but I get the following output within a DOS window: *C:\Users\cnoth\Downloads>flashrom -p pickit2_spi* *flashrom v0.9.9-1-stable-f5dd7ce on Windows 6.2 (x86_64)* *flashrom is free software, get the source code at https://flashrom.org <https://flashrom.org>* *Calibrating delay loop... OK.* *Could not find a PICkit2 on USB!* *Error: Programmer initialization failed.* I have checked that the Pickit2 is recognised on the USB bus by using the standalone Microchip Pickit2 programmer and by looking at the hardware ID in control panel. I haver also tried other USB ports on my Intel NUC PC. I downloaded the latest binary from the buildbot archive. Are there any particular requirements for Flashrom that I may have missed? -- Regards, Chris Nother

1 0

[PATCH] Add support for ESMT F25L004A
by Stefan Tauner 07 Feb '17

07 Feb '17

Also, enable AAI for ESMT F25L008A. Signed-off-by: Stefan Tauner <stefan.tauner(a)alumni.tuwien.ac.at> --- flashchips.c | 45 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----- flashchips.h | 1 + 2 files changed, 41 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-) diff --git a/flashchips.c b/flashchips.c index 40b6b8e..33280e6 100644 --- a/flashchips.c +++ b/flashchips.c @@ -3315,6 +3315,41 @@ const struct flashchip flashchips[] = { { .vendor = "ESMT", + .name = "F25L004A", + .bustype = BUS_SPI, + .manufacture_id = ESMT_ID, + .model_id = ESMT_F25L004A, + .total_size = 512, + .page_size = 256, + .feature_bits = FEATURE_WRSR_EITHER, + .tested = TEST_UNTESTED, + .probe = probe_spi_rdid, + .probe_timing = TIMING_ZERO, + .block_erasers = + { + { + .eraseblocks = { {4 * 1024, 128} }, + .block_erase = spi_block_erase_20, + }, { + .eraseblocks = { {64 * 1024, 8} }, + .block_erase = spi_block_erase_d8, + }, { + .eraseblocks = { {512 * 1024, 1} }, + .block_erase = spi_block_erase_60, + }, { + .eraseblocks = { {512 * 1024, 1} }, + .block_erase = spi_block_erase_c7, + } + }, + .printlock = spi_prettyprint_status_register_plain, /* TODO: improve BP2 + AAI */ + .unlock = spi_disable_blockprotect_bp2_srwd, + .write = spi_aai_write, /* AAI supported (0xAD) */ + .read = spi_chip_read, /* Fast read (0x0B) supported */ + .voltage = {2700, 3600}, + }, + + { + .vendor = "ESMT", .name = "F25L008A", .bustype = BUS_SPI, .manufacture_id = ESMT_ID, @@ -3322,7 +3357,7 @@ const struct flashchip flashchips[] = { .total_size = 1024, .page_size = 256, .feature_bits = FEATURE_WRSR_EITHER, - .tested = TEST_OK_PREW, + .tested = { .probe = OK, .read = OK, .erase = OK, .write = NT }, .probe = probe_spi_rdid, .probe_timing = TIMING_ZERO, .block_erasers = @@ -3341,10 +3376,10 @@ const struct flashchip flashchips[] = { .block_erase = spi_block_erase_c7, } }, - .printlock = spi_prettyprint_status_register_plain, /* TODO: improve */ - .unlock = spi_disable_blockprotect, - .write = spi_chip_write_1, - .read = spi_chip_read, + .printlock = spi_prettyprint_status_register_plain, /* TODO: improve BP2 + AAI */ + .unlock = spi_disable_blockprotect_bp2_srwd, + .write = spi_aai_write, /* AAI supported (0xAD) */ + .read = spi_chip_read, /* Fast read (0x0B) supported */ .voltage = {2700, 3600}, }, diff --git a/flashchips.h b/flashchips.h index 9ffb30f..2553544 100644 --- a/flashchips.h +++ b/flashchips.h @@ -216,6 +216,7 @@ #define CATALYST_CAT28F512 0xB8 #define ESMT_ID 0x8C /* Elite Semiconductor Memory Technology (ESMT) / EFST Elite Flash Storage */ +#define ESMT_F25L004A 0x2013 #define ESMT_F25L008A 0x2014 #define ESMT_F25L32PA 0x2016 #define ESMT_F25D08QA 0x2534 -- Kind regards, Stefan Tauner

1 0

flashrom Gigabyte Q77M-D2H report
by Basil Marmer 30 Jan '17

30 Jan '17

*run under Ubuntu 16.10 - "sudo flashrom -p internal -c "MX25L6406E/MX25L6408E" -V -w Q77MD2H.F2" -**worked like a charm.* flashrom v0.9.9-r1954 on Linux 4.8.0-34-generic (x86_64) flashrom is free software, get the source code at https://flashrom.org flashrom was built with libpci 3.3.1, GCC 5.3.1 20160424, little endian Command line (7 args): flashrom -p internal -c MX25L6406E/MX25L6408E -V -w Q77MD2H.F2 Calibrating delay loop... OS timer resolution is 1 usecs, 3279M loops per second, 10 myus = 10 us, 100 myus = 102 us, 1000 myus = 1022 us, 10000 myus = 10112 us, 4 myus = 5 us, OK. Initializing internal programmer No coreboot table found. Using Internal DMI decoder. DMI string chassis-type: "Desktop" DMI string system-manufacturer: "ARBYTE COMPUTERS" DMI string system-product-name: "Arbyte Quint B M4D3A-Q77 vPro" DMI string system-version: "AC275311" DMI string baseboard-manufacturer: "Gigabyte Technology Co., Ltd." DMI string baseboard-product-name: "Q77M-D2H" DMI string baseboard-version: "x.x" Found ITE Super I/O, ID 0x8728 on port 0x2e Found chipset "Intel Q77" with PCI ID 8086:1e47. This chipset is marked as untested. If you are using an up-to-date version of flashrom *and* were (not) able to successfully update your firmware with it, then please email a report to flashrom(a)flashrom.org including a verbose (-V) log. Thank you! Enabling flash write... Root Complex Register Block address = 0xfed1c000 GCS = 0xc64: BIOS Interface Lock-Down: disabled, Boot BIOS Straps: 0x3 (SPI) Top Swap: not enabled 0xfff80000/0xffb80000 FWH IDSEL: 0x0 0xfff00000/0xffb00000 FWH IDSEL: 0x0 0xffe80000/0xffa80000 FWH IDSEL: 0x1 0xffe00000/0xffa00000 FWH IDSEL: 0x1 0xffd80000/0xff980000 FWH IDSEL: 0x2 0xffd00000/0xff900000 FWH IDSEL: 0x2 0xffc80000/0xff880000 FWH IDSEL: 0x3 0xffc00000/0xff800000 FWH IDSEL: 0x3 0xff700000/0xff300000 FWH IDSEL: 0x4 0xff600000/0xff200000 FWH IDSEL: 0x5 0xff500000/0xff100000 FWH IDSEL: 0x6 0xff400000/0xff000000 FWH IDSEL: 0x7 0xfff80000/0xffb80000 FWH decode enabled 0xfff00000/0xffb00000 FWH decode enabled 0xffe80000/0xffa80000 FWH decode enabled 0xffe00000/0xffa00000 FWH decode enabled 0xffd80000/0xff980000 FWH decode enabled 0xffd00000/0xff900000 FWH decode enabled 0xffc80000/0xff880000 FWH decode enabled 0xffc00000/0xff800000 FWH decode enabled 0xff700000/0xff300000 FWH decode enabled 0xff600000/0xff200000 FWH decode enabled 0xff500000/0xff100000 FWH decode enabled 0xff400000/0xff000000 FWH decode enabled Maximum FWH chip size: 0x100000 bytes SPI Read Configuration: prefetching enabled, caching enabled, BIOS_CNTL = 0x09: BIOS Lock Enable: disabled, BIOS Write Enable: enabled SPIBAR = 0x00007fdce0032000 + 0x3800 0x04: 0xe008 (HSFS) HSFS: FDONE=0, FCERR=0, AEL=0, BERASE=1, SCIP=0, FDOPSS=1, FDV=1, FLOCKDN=1 Warning: SPI Configuration Lockdown activated. Reading OPCODES... done 0x06: 0x0000 (HSFC) HSFC: FGO=0, FCYCLE=0, FDBC=0, SME=0 0x50: 0x0000ffff (FRAP) BMWAG 0x00, BMRAG 0x00, BRWA 0xff, BRRA 0xff 0x54: 0x00000000 FREG0: Flash Descriptor region (0x00000000-0x00000fff) is read-write. 0x58: 0x07ff0500 FREG1: BIOS region (0x00500000-0x007fffff) is read-write. 0x5C: 0x04ff0003 FREG2: Management Engine region (0x00003000-0x004fffff) is read-write. 0x60: 0x00020001 FREG3: Gigabit Ethernet region (0x00001000-0x00002fff) is read-write. 0x90: 0x84 (SSFS) SSFS: SCIP=0, FDONE=1, FCERR=0, AEL=0 0x91: 0xf94130 (SSFC) SSFC: SCGO=0, ACS=0, SPOP=0, COP=3, DBC=1, SME=0, SCF=1 0x94: 0x0006 (PREOP) 0x96: 0x043b (OPTYPE) 0x98: 0x05200302 (OPMENU) 0x9C: 0x0000019f (OPMENU+4) 0xA0: 0x00000000 (BBAR) 0xC4: 0x00802005 (LVSCC) LVSCC: BES=0x1, WG=1, WSR=0, WEWS=0, EO=0x20, VCL=1 0xC8: 0x00002005 (UVSCC) UVSCC: BES=0x1, WG=1, WSR=0, WEWS=0, EO=0x20 0xD0: 0x00000000 (FPB) OK. No IT87* serial flash segment enabled. The following protocols are supported: FWH, SPI. Probing for Macronix MX25L6406E/MX25L6408E, 8192 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0xc2, id2 0x2017 Found Macronix flash chip "MX25L6406E/MX25L6408E" (8192 kB, SPI) mapped at physical address 0x00000000ff800000. Chip status register is 0x00. Chip status register: Status Register Write Disable (SRWD, SRP, ...) is not set Chip status register: Bit 6 is not set Chip status register: Block Protect 3 (BP3) is not set Chip status register: Block Protect 2 (BP2) is not set Chip status register: Block Protect 1 (BP1) is not set Chip status register: Block Protect 0 (BP0) is not set Chip status register: Write Enable Latch (WEL) is not set Chip status register: Write In Progress (WIP/BUSY) is not set This chip may contain one-time programmable memory. flashrom cannot read and may never be able to write it, hence it may not be able to completely clone the contents of this chip (see man page for details). Flash image seems to be a legacy BIOS. Disabling coreboot-related checks. Reading old flash chip contents... done. Erasing and writing flash chip... Trying erase function 0... 0x000000-0x000fff:S, 0x001000-0x001fff:EW, 0x002000-0x002fff:E, 0x003000-0x003fff:EW, 0x004000-0x004fff:E, 0x005000-0x005fff:S, 0x006000-0x006fff:EW, 0x007000-0x007fff:E, 0x008000-0x008fff:E, 0x009000-0x009fff:E, 0x00a000-0x00afff:EW, 0x00b000-0x00bfff:EW, 0x00c000-0x00cfff:EW, 0x00d000-0x00dfff:EW, 0x00e000-0x00efff:EW, 0x00f000-0x00ffff:EW, 0x010000-0x010fff:S, 0x011000-0x011fff:EW, 0x012000-0x012fff:EW, 0x013000-0x013fff:E, 0x014000-0x014fff:E, 0x015000-0x015fff:E, 0x016000-0x016fff:EW, 0x017000-0x017fff:E, 0x018000-0x018fff:E, 0x019000-0x019fff:E, 0x01a000-0x01afff:EW, 0x01b000-0x01bfff:E, 0x01c000-0x01cfff:E, 0x01d000-0x01dfff:E, 0x01e000-0x01efff:EW, 0x01f000-0x01ffff:E, 0x020000-0x020fff:E, 0x021000-0x021fff:E, 0x022000-0x022fff:EW, 0x023000-0x023fff:E, 0x024000-0x024fff:E, 0x025000-0x025fff:E, 0x026000-0x026fff:EW, 0x027000-0x027fff:E, 0x028000-0x028fff:E, 0x029000-0x029fff:E, 0x02a000-0x02afff:EW, 0x02b000-0x02bfff:S, 0x02c000-0x02cfff:S, 0x02d000-0x02dfff:S, 0x02e000-0x02efff:EW, 0x02f000-0x02ffff:E, 0x030000-0x030fff:E, 0x031000-0x031fff:E, 0x032000-0x032fff:EW, 0x033000-0x033fff:E, 0x034000-0x034fff:E, 0x035000-0x035fff:E, 0x036000-0x036fff:EW, 0x037000-0x037fff:E, 0x038000-0x038fff:E, 0x039000-0x039fff:E, 0x03a000-0x03afff:EW, 0x03b000-0x03bfff:E, 0x03c000-0x03cfff:E, 0x03d000-0x03dfff:E, 0x03e000-0x03efff:EW, 0x03f000-0x03ffff:E, 0x040000-0x040fff:E, 0x041000-0x041fff:E, 0x042000-0x042fff:EW, 0x043000-0x043fff:E, 0x044000-0x044fff:E, 0x045000-0x045fff:E, 0x046000-0x046fff:EW, 0x047000-0x047fff:E, 0x048000-0x048fff:E, 0x049000-0x049fff:E, 0x04a000-0x04afff:EW, 0x04b000-0x04bfff:E, 0x04c000-0x04cfff:E, 0x04d000-0x04dfff:E, 0x04e000-0x04efff:EW, 0x04f000-0x04ffff:E, 0x050000-0x050fff:E, 0x051000-0x051fff:E, 0x052000-0x052fff:EW, 0x053000-0x053fff:E, 0x054000-0x054fff:E, 0x055000-0x055fff:E, 0x056000-0x056fff:EW, 0x057000-0x057fff:E, 0x058000-0x058fff:E, 0x059000-0x059fff:E, 0x05a000-0x05afff:EW, 0x05b000-0x05bfff:E, 0x05c000-0x05cfff:E, 0x05d000-0x05dfff:E, 0x05e000-0x05efff:EW, 0x05f000-0x05ffff:E, 0x060000-0x060fff:E, 0x061000-0x061fff:E, 0x062000-0x062fff:EW, 0x063000-0x063fff:E, 0x064000-0x064fff:E, 0x065000-0x065fff:E, 0x066000-0x066fff:EW, 0x067000-0x067fff:E, 0x068000-0x068fff:E, 0x069000-0x069fff:E, 0x06a000-0x06afff:EW, 0x06b000-0x06bfff:E, 0x06c000-0x06cfff:E, 0x06d000-0x06dfff:E, 0x06e000-0x06efff:EW, 0x06f000-0x06ffff:E, 0x070000-0x070fff:E, 0x071000-0x071fff:E, 0x072000-0x072fff:EW, 0x073000-0x073fff:E, 0x074000-0x074fff:E, 0x075000-0x075fff:E, 0x076000-0x076fff:EW, 0x077000-0x077fff:E, 0x078000-0x078fff:E, 0x079000-0x079fff:E, 0x07a000-0x07afff:EW, 0x07b000-0x07bfff:E, 0x07c000-0x07cfff:E, 0x07d000-0x07dfff:E, 0x07e000-0x07efff:EW, 0x07f000-0x07ffff:E, 0x080000-0x080fff:E, 0x081000-0x081fff:E, 0x082000-0x082fff:EW, 0x083000-0x083fff:E, 0x084000-0x084fff:E, 0x085000-0x085fff:E, 0x086000-0x086fff:EW, 0x087000-0x087fff:E, 0x088000-0x088fff:E, 0x089000-0x089fff:E, 0x08a000-0x08afff:EW, 0x08b000-0x08bfff:E, 0x08c000-0x08cfff:E, 0x08d000-0x08dfff:E, 0x08e000-0x08efff:EW, 0x08f000-0x08ffff:E, 0x090000-0x090fff:E, 0x091000-0x091fff:E, 0x092000-0x092fff:EW, 0x093000-0x093fff:E, 0x094000-0x094fff:S, 0x095000-0x095fff:S, 0x096000-0x096fff:EW, 0x097000-0x097fff:E, 0x098000-0x098fff:E, 0x099000-0x099fff:E, 0x09a000-0x09afff:EW, 0x09b000-0x09bfff:E, 0x09c000-0x09cfff:E, 0x09d000-0x09dfff:E, 0x09e000-0x09efff:EW, 0x09f000-0x09ffff:E, 0x0a0000-0x0a0fff:E, 0x0a1000-0x0a1fff:E, 0x0a2000-0x0a2fff:EW, 0x0a3000-0x0a3fff:E, 0x0a4000-0x0a4fff:E, 0x0a5000-0x0a5fff:E, 0x0a6000-0x0a6fff:EW, 0x0a7000-0x0a7fff:E, 0x0a8000-0x0a8fff:E, 0x0a9000-0x0a9fff:E, 0x0aa000-0x0aafff:EW, 0x0ab000-0x0abfff:E, 0x0ac000-0x0acfff:E, 0x0ad000-0x0adfff:E, 0x0ae000-0x0aefff:EW, 0x0af000-0x0affff:E, 0x0b0000-0x0b0fff:E, 0x0b1000-0x0b1fff:E, 0x0b2000-0x0b2fff:EW, 0x0b3000-0x0b3fff:E, 0x0b4000-0x0b4fff:E, 0x0b5000-0x0b5fff:E, 0x0b6000-0x0b6fff:EW, 0x0b7000-0x0b7fff:E, 0x0b8000-0x0b8fff:E, 0x0b9000-0x0b9fff:E, 0x0ba000-0x0bafff:EW, 0x0bb000-0x0bbfff:E, 0x0bc000-0x0bcfff:E, 0x0bd000-0x0bdfff:E, 0x0be000-0x0befff:EW, 0x0bf000-0x0bffff:E, 0x0c0000-0x0c0fff:E, 0x0c1000-0x0c1fff:E, 0x0c2000-0x0c2fff:EW, 0x0c3000-0x0c3fff:E, 0x0c4000-0x0c4fff:E, 0x0c5000-0x0c5fff:E, 0x0c6000-0x0c6fff:EW, 0x0c7000-0x0c7fff:E, 0x0c8000-0x0c8fff:E, 0x0c9000-0x0c9fff:E, 0x0ca000-0x0cafff:EW, 0x0cb000-0x0cbfff:E, 0x0cc000-0x0ccfff:S, 0x0cd000-0x0cdfff:S, 0x0ce000-0x0cefff:EW, 0x0cf000-0x0cffff:E, 0x0d0000-0x0d0fff:E, 0x0d1000-0x0d1fff:E, 0x0d2000-0x0d2fff:EW, 0x0d3000-0x0d3fff:E, 0x0d4000-0x0d4fff:E, 0x0d5000-0x0d5fff:E, 0x0d6000-0x0d6fff:EW, 0x0d7000-0x0d7fff:E, 0x0d8000-0x0d8fff:E, 0x0d9000-0x0d9fff:E, 0x0da000-0x0dafff:EW, 0x0db000-0x0dbfff:E, 0x0dc000-0x0dcfff:E, 0x0dd000-0x0ddfff:E, 0x0de000-0x0defff:EW, 0x0df000-0x0dffff:E, 0x0e0000-0x0e0fff:E, 0x0e1000-0x0e1fff:E, 0x0e2000-0x0e2fff:EW, 0x0e3000-0x0e3fff:EW, 0x0e4000-0x0e4fff:EW, 0x0e5000-0x0e5fff:EW, 0x0e6000-0x0e6fff:EW, 0x0e7000-0x0e7fff:E, 0x0e8000-0x0e8fff:S, 0x0e9000-0x0e9fff:S, 0x0ea000-0x0eafff:EW, 0x0eb000-0x0ebfff:EW, 0x0ec000-0x0ecfff:EW, 0x0ed000-0x0edfff:EW, 0x0ee000-0x0eefff:EW, 0x0ef000-0x0effff:EW, 0x0f0000-0x0f0fff:EW, 0x0f1000-0x0f1fff:EW, 0x0f2000-0x0f2fff:EW, 0x0f3000-0x0f3fff:EW, 0x0f4000-0x0f4fff:EW, 0x0f5000-0x0f5fff:EW, 0x0f6000-0x0f6fff:EW, 0x0f7000-0x0f7fff:EW, 0x0f8000-0x0f8fff:EW, 0x0f9000-0x0f9fff:EW, 0x0fa000-0x0fafff:EW, 0x0fb000-0x0fbfff:EW, 0x0fc000-0x0fcfff:EW, 0x0fd000-0x0fdfff:EW, 0x0fe000-0x0fefff:EW, 0x0ff000-0x0fffff:EW, 0x100000-0x100fff:EW, 0x101000-0x101fff:EW, 0x102000-0x102fff:EW, 0x103000-0x103fff:EW, 0x104000-0x104fff:EW, 0x105000-0x105fff:EW, 0x106000-0x106fff:EW, 0x107000-0x107fff:EW, 0x108000-0x108fff:EW, 0x109000-0x109fff:EW, 0x10a000-0x10afff:EW, 0x10b000-0x10bfff:EW, 0x10c000-0x10cfff:EW, 0x10d000-0x10dfff:EW, 0x10e000-0x10efff:EW, 0x10f000-0x10ffff:EW, 0x110000-0x110fff:EW, 0x111000-0x111fff:EW, 0x112000-0x112fff:EW, 0x113000-0x113fff:EW, 0x114000-0x114fff:EW, 0x115000-0x115fff:EW, 0x116000-0x116fff:EW, 0x117000-0x117fff:EW, 0x118000-0x118fff:EW, 0x119000-0x119fff:EW, 0x11a000-0x11afff:EW, 0x11b000-0x11bfff:EW, 0x11c000-0x11cfff:EW, 0x11d000-0x11dfff:EW, 0x11e000-0x11efff:EW, 0x11f000-0x11ffff:EW, 0x120000-0x120fff:EW, 0x121000-0x121fff:EW, 0x122000-0x122fff:EW, 0x123000-0x123fff:EW, 0x124000-0x124fff:EW, 0x125000-0x125fff:EW, 0x126000-0x126fff:EW, 0x127000-0x127fff:EW, 0x128000-0x128fff:EW, 0x129000-0x129fff:EW, 0x12a000-0x12afff:EW, 0x12b000-0x12bfff:EW, 0x12c000-0x12cfff:EW, 0x12d000-0x12dfff:EW, 0x12e000-0x12efff:EW, 0x12f000-0x12ffff:S, 0x130000-0x130fff:S, 0x131000-0x131fff:S, 0x132000-0x132fff:S, 0x133000-0x133fff:S, 0x134000-0x134fff:S, 0x135000-0x135fff:S, 0x136000-0x136fff:S, 0x137000-0x137fff:S, 0x138000-0x138fff:S, 0x139000-0x139fff:S, 0x13a000-0x13afff:S, 0x13b000-0x13bfff:S, 0x13c000-0x13cfff:S, 0x13d000-0x13dfff:S, 0x13e000-0x13efff:S, 0x13f000-0x13ffff:S, 0x140000-0x140fff:S, 0x141000-0x141fff:S, 0x142000-0x142fff:S, 0x143000-0x143fff:EW, 0x144000-0x144fff:EW, 0x145000-0x145fff:EW, 0x146000-0x146fff:EW, 0x147000-0x147fff:EW, 0x148000-0x148fff:EW, 0x149000-0x149fff:EW, 0x14a000-0x14afff:EW, 0x14b000-0x14bfff:EW, 0x14c000-0x14cfff:EW, 0x14d000-0x14dfff:EW, 0x14e000-0x14efff:EW, 0x14f000-0x14ffff:EW, 0x150000-0x150fff:EW, 0x151000-0x151fff:EW, 0x152000-0x152fff:EW, 0x153000-0x153fff:EW, 0x154000-0x154fff:EW, 0x155000-0x155fff:EW, 0x156000-0x156fff:EW, 0x157000-0x157fff:EW, 0x158000-0x158fff:EW, 0x159000-0x159fff:EW, 0x15a000-0x15afff:EW, 0x15b000-0x15bfff:EW, 0x15c000-0x15cfff:EW, 0x15d000-0x15dfff:EW, 0x15e000-0x15efff:EW, 0x15f000-0x15ffff:EW, 0x160000-0x160fff:EW, 0x161000-0x161fff:EW, 0x162000-0x162fff:EW, 0x163000-0x163fff:EW, 0x164000-0x164fff:EW, 0x165000-0x165fff:EW, 0x166000-0x166fff:EW, 0x167000-0x167fff:EW, 0x168000-0x168fff:EW, 0x169000-0x169fff:EW, 0x16a000-0x16afff:EW, 0x16b000-0x16bfff:EW, 0x16c000-0x16cfff:EW, 0x16d000-0x16dfff:EW, 0x16e000-0x16efff:EW, 0x16f000-0x16ffff:EW, 0x170000-0x170fff:EW, 0x171000-0x171fff:EW, 0x172000-0x172fff:W, 0x173000-0x173fff:S, 0x174000-0x174fff:S, 0x175000-0x175fff:S, 0x176000-0x176fff:S, 0x177000-0x177fff:S, 0x178000-0x178fff:S, 0x179000-0x179fff:S, 0x17a000-0x17afff:S, 0x17b000-0x17bfff:S, 0x17c000-0x17cfff:S, 0x17d000-0x17dfff:S, 0x17e000-0x17efff:S, 0x17f000-0x17ffff:S, 0x180000-0x180fff:S, 0x181000-0x181fff:S, 0x182000-0x182fff:S, 0x183000-0x183fff:EW, 0x184000-0x184fff:EW, 0x185000-0x185fff:EW, 0x186000-0x186fff:EW, 0x187000-0x187fff:EW, 0x188000-0x188fff:EW, 0x189000-0x189fff:EW, 0x18a000-0x18afff:EW, 0x18b000-0x18bfff:EW, 0x18c000-0x18cfff:EW, 0x18d000-0x18dfff:EW, 0x18e000-0x18efff:EW, 0x18f000-0x18ffff:EW, 0x190000-0x190fff:EW, 0x191000-0x191fff:EW, 0x192000-0x192fff:EW, 0x193000-0x193fff:EW, 0x194000-0x194fff:EW, 0x195000-0x195fff:EW, 0x196000-0x196fff:EW, 0x197000-0x197fff:EW, 0x198000-0x198fff:EW, 0x199000-0x199fff:EW, 0x19a000-0x19afff:EW, 0x19b000-0x19bfff:EW, 0x19c000-0x19cfff:EW, 0x19d000-0x19dfff:EW, 0x19e000-0x19efff:EW, 0x19f000-0x19ffff:EW, 0x1a0000-0x1a0fff:EW, 0x1a1000-0x1a1fff:EW, 0x1a2000-0x1a2fff:EW, 0x1a3000-0x1a3fff:EW, 0x1a4000-0x1a4fff:EW, 0x1a5000-0x1a5fff:EW, 0x1a6000-0x1a6fff:EW, 0x1a7000-0x1a7fff:EW, 0x1a8000-0x1a8fff:EW, 0x1a9000-0x1a9fff:EW, 0x1aa000-0x1aafff:EW, 0x1ab000-0x1abfff:EW, 0x1ac000-0x1acfff:EW, 0x1ad000-0x1adfff:EW, 0x1ae000-0x1aefff:EW, 0x1af000-0x1affff:EW, 0x1b0000-0x1b0fff:EW, 0x1b1000-0x1b1fff:EW, 0x1b2000-0x1b2fff:EW, 0x1b3000-0x1b3fff:EW, 0x1b4000-0x1b4fff:EW, 0x1b5000-0x1b5fff:EW, 0x1b6000-0x1b6fff:EW, 0x1b7000-0x1b7fff:EW, 0x1b8000-0x1b8fff:EW, 0x1b9000-0x1b9fff:EW, 0x1ba000-0x1bafff:EW, 0x1bb000-0x1bbfff:EW, 0x1bc000-0x1bcfff:EW, 0x1bd000-0x1bdfff:EW, 0x1be000-0x1befff:EW, 0x1bf000-0x1bffff:EW, 0x1c0000-0x1c0fff:EW, 0x1c1000-0x1c1fff:EW, 0x1c2000-0x1c2fff:EW, 0x1c3000-0x1c3fff:EW, 0x1c4000-0x1c4fff:EW, 0x1c5000-0x1c5fff:EW, 0x1c6000-0x1c6fff:EW, 0x1c7000-0x1c7fff:EW, 0x1c8000-0x1c8fff:EW, 0x1c9000-0x1c9fff:EW, 0x1ca000-0x1cafff:EW, 0x1cb000-0x1cbfff:EW, 0x1cc000-0x1ccfff:EW, 0x1cd000-0x1cdfff:EW, 0x1ce000-0x1cefff:EW, 0x1cf000-0x1cffff:EW, 0x1d0000-0x1d0fff:EW, 0x1d1000-0x1d1fff:EW, 0x1d2000-0x1d2fff:EW, 0x1d3000-0x1d3fff:EW, 0x1d4000-0x1d4fff:EW, 0x1d5000-0x1d5fff:EW, 0x1d6000-0x1d6fff:EW, 0x1d7000-0x1d7fff:EW, 0x1d8000-0x1d8fff:EW, 0x1d9000-0x1d9fff:EW, 0x1da000-0x1dafff:EW, 0x1db000-0x1dbfff:EW, 0x1dc000-0x1dcfff:EW, 0x1dd000-0x1ddfff:EW, 0x1de000-0x1defff:EW, 0x1df000-0x1dffff:EW, 0x1e0000-0x1e0fff:EW, 0x1e1000-0x1e1fff:EW, 0x1e2000-0x1e2fff:EW, 0x1e3000-0x1e3fff:EW, 0x1e4000-0x1e4fff:EW, 0x1e5000-0x1e5fff:EW, 0x1e6000-0x1e6fff:EW, 0x1e7000-0x1e7fff:EW, 0x1e8000-0x1e8fff:EW, 0x1e9000-0x1e9fff:EW, 0x1ea000-0x1eafff:EW, 0x1eb000-0x1ebfff:EW, 0x1ec000-0x1ecfff:EW, 0x1ed000-0x1edfff:EW, 0x1ee000-0x1eefff:EW, 0x1ef000-0x1effff:EW, 0x1f0000-0x1f0fff:EW, 0x1f1000-0x1f1fff:EW, 0x1f2000-0x1f2fff:EW, 0x1f3000-0x1f3fff:EW, 0x1f4000-0x1f4fff:EW, 0x1f5000-0x1f5fff:W, 0x1f6000-0x1f6fff:W, 0x1f7000-0x1f7fff:S, 0x1f8000-0x1f8fff:S, 0x1f9000-0x1f9fff:S, 0x1fa000-0x1fafff:S, 0x1fb000-0x1fbfff:S, 0x1fc000-0x1fcfff:S, 0x1fd000-0x1fdfff:S, 0x1fe000-0x1fefff:S, 0x1ff000-0x1fffff:S, 0x200000-0x200fff:S, 0x201000-0x201fff:S, 0x202000-0x202fff:S, 0x203000-0x203fff:S, 0x204000-0x204fff:S, 0x205000-0x205fff:S, 0x206000-0x206fff:S, 0x207000-0x207fff:S, 0x208000-0x208fff:S, 0x209000-0x209fff:S, 0x20a000-0x20afff:S, 0x20b000-0x20bfff:S, 0x20c000-0x20cfff:S, 0x20d000-0x20dfff:S, 0x20e000-0x20efff:S, 0x20f000-0x20ffff:S, 0x210000-0x210fff:S, 0x211000-0x211fff:S, 0x212000-0x212fff:S, 0x213000-0x213fff:S, 0x214000-0x214fff:S, 0x215000-0x215fff:S, 0x216000-0x216fff:S, 0x217000-0x217fff:S, 0x218000-0x218fff:S, 0x219000-0x219fff:S, 0x21a000-0x21afff:S, 0x21b000-0x21bfff:S, 0x21c000-0x21cfff:S, 0x21d000-0x21dfff:S, 0x21e000-0x21efff:S, 0x21f000-0x21ffff:S, 0x220000-0x220fff:S, 0x221000-0x221fff:S, 0x222000-0x222fff:S, 0x223000-0x223fff:S, 0x224000-0x224fff:S, 0x225000-0x225fff:S, 0x226000-0x226fff:S, 0x227000-0x227fff:S, 0x228000-0x228fff:S, 0x229000-0x229fff:S, 0x22a000-0x22afff:S, 0x22b000-0x22bfff:S, 0x22c000-0x22cfff:S, 0x22d000-0x22dfff:S, 0x22e000-0x22efff:S, 0x22f000-0x22ffff:S, 0x230000-0x230fff:S, 0x231000-0x231fff:S, 0x232000-0x232fff:S, 0x233000-0x233fff:S, 0x234000-0x234fff:S, 0x235000-0x235fff:S, 0x236000-0x236fff:S, 0x237000-0x237fff:S, 0x238000-0x238fff:S, 0x239000-0x239fff:S, 0x23a000-0x23afff:S, 0x23b000-0x23bfff:S, 0x23c000-0x23cfff:S, 0x23d000-0x23dfff:S, 0x23e000-0x23efff:S, 0x23f000-0x23ffff:S, 0x240000-0x240fff:S, 0x241000-0x241fff:S, 0x242000-0x242fff:S, 0x243000-0x243fff:S, 0x244000-0x244fff:S, 0x245000-0x245fff:S, 0x246000-0x246fff:S, 0x247000-0x247fff:S, 0x248000-0x248fff:S, 0x249000-0x249fff:S, 0x24a000-0x24afff:S, 0x24b000-0x24bfff:S, 0x24c000-0x24cfff:S, 0x24d000-0x24dfff:EW, 0x24e000-0x24efff:EW, 0x24f000-0x24ffff:EW, 0x250000-0x250fff:EW, 0x251000-0x251fff:EW, 0x252000-0x252fff:EW, 0x253000-0x253fff:EW, 0x254000-0x254fff:EW, 0x255000-0x255fff:EW, 0x256000-0x256fff:EW, 0x257000-0x257fff:EW, 0x258000-0x258fff:EW, 0x259000-0x259fff:EW, 0x25a000-0x25afff:EW, 0x25b000-0x25bfff:EW, 0x25c000-0x25cfff:EW, 0x25d000-0x25dfff:EW, 0x25e000-0x25efff:EW, 0x25f000-0x25ffff:EW, 0x260000-0x260fff:EW, 0x261000-0x261fff:EW, 0x262000-0x262fff:EW, 0x263000-0x263fff:EW, 0x264000-0x264fff:EW, 0x265000-0x265fff:EW, 0x266000-0x266fff:EW, 0x267000-0x267fff:EW, 0x268000-0x268fff:EW, 0x269000-0x269fff:EW, 0x26a000-0x26afff:EW, 0x26b000-0x26bfff:EW, 0x26c000-0x26cfff:EW, 0x26d000-0x26dfff:EW, 0x26e000-0x26efff:EW, 0x26f000-0x26ffff:EW, 0x270000-0x270fff:EW, 0x271000-0x271fff:EW, 0x272000-0x272fff:EW, 0x273000-0x273fff:EW, 0x274000-0x274fff:EW, 0x275000-0x275fff:EW, 0x276000-0x276fff:EW, 0x277000-0x277fff:EW, 0x278000-0x278fff:EW, 0x279000-0x279fff:EW, 0x27a000-0x27afff:EW, 0x27b000-0x27bfff:EW, 0x27c000-0x27cfff:EW, 0x27d000-0x27dfff:EW, 0x27e000-0x27efff:EW, 0x27f000-0x27ffff:EW, 0x280000-0x280fff:EW, 0x281000-0x281fff:EW, 0x282000-0x282fff:EW, 0x283000-0x283fff:EW, 0x284000-0x284fff:EW, 0x285000-0x285fff:EW, 0x286000-0x286fff:EW, 0x287000-0x287fff:EW, 0x288000-0x288fff:EW, 0x289000-0x289fff:EW, 0x28a000-0x28afff:EW, 0x28b000-0x28bfff:EW, 0x28c000-0x28cfff:EW, 0x28d000-0x28dfff:EW, 0x28e000-0x28efff:EW, 0x28f000-0x28ffff:EW, 0x290000-0x290fff:EW, 0x291000-0x291fff:EW, 0x292000-0x292fff:EW, 0x293000-0x293fff:EW, 0x294000-0x294fff:EW, 0x295000-0x295fff:EW, 0x296000-0x296fff:EW, 0x297000-0x297fff:EW, 0x298000-0x298fff:EW, 0x299000-0x299fff:EW, 0x29a000-0x29afff:EW, 0x29b000-0x29bfff:EW, 0x29c000-0x29cfff:EW, 0x29d000-0x29dfff:EW, 0x29e000-0x29efff:EW, 0x29f000-0x29ffff:EW, 0x2a0000-0x2a0fff:EW, 0x2a1000-0x2a1fff:EW, 0x2a2000-0x2a2fff:EW, 0x2a3000-0x2a3fff:EW, 0x2a4000-0x2a4fff:EW, 0x2a5000-0x2a5fff:EW, 0x2a6000-0x2a6fff:EW, 0x2a7000-0x2a7fff:EW, 0x2a8000-0x2a8fff:EW, 0x2a9000-0x2a9fff:EW, 0x2aa000-0x2aafff:EW, 0x2ab000-0x2abfff:EW, 0x2ac000-0x2acfff:EW, 0x2ad000-0x2adfff:EW, 0x2ae000-0x2aefff:EW, 0x2af000-0x2affff:EW, 0x2b0000-0x2b0fff:EW, 0x2b1000-0x2b1fff:EW, 0x2b2000-0x2b2fff:EW, 0x2b3000-0x2b3fff:EW, 0x2b4000-0x2b4fff:EW, 0x2b5000-0x2b5fff:EW, 0x2b6000-0x2b6fff:EW, 0x2b7000-0x2b7fff:EW, 0x2b8000-0x2b8fff:EW, 0x2b9000-0x2b9fff:EW, 0x2ba000-0x2bafff:EW, 0x2bb000-0x2bbfff:EW, 0x2bc000-0x2bcfff:EW, 0x2bd000-0x2bdfff:EW, 0x2be000-0x2befff:EW, 0x2bf000-0x2bffff:EW, 0x2c0000-0x2c0fff:EW, 0x2c1000-0x2c1fff:EW, 0x2c2000-0x2c2fff:EW, 0x2c3000-0x2c3fff:EW, 0x2c4000-0x2c4fff:EW, 0x2c5000-0x2c5fff:EW, 0x2c6000-0x2c6fff:EW, 0x2c7000-0x2c7fff:EW, 0x2c8000-0x2c8fff:EW, 0x2c9000-0x2c9fff:EW, 0x2ca000-0x2cafff:EW, 0x2cb000-0x2cbfff:EW, 0x2cc000-0x2ccfff:EW, 0x2cd000-0x2cdfff:EW, 0x2ce000-0x2cefff:EW, 0x2cf000-0x2cffff:EW, 0x2d0000-0x2d0fff:EW, 0x2d1000-0x2d1fff:EW, 0x2d2000-0x2d2fff:EW, 0x2d3000-0x2d3fff:EW, 0x2d4000-0x2d4fff:EW, 0x2d5000-0x2d5fff:EW, 0x2d6000-0x2d6fff:EW, 0x2d7000-0x2d7fff:EW, 0x2d8000-0x2d8fff:EW, 0x2d9000-0x2d9fff:EW, 0x2da000-0x2dafff:EW, 0x2db000-0x2dbfff:EW, 0x2dc000-0x2dcfff:EW, 0x2dd000-0x2ddfff:EW, 0x2de000-0x2defff:EW, 0x2df000-0x2dffff:EW, 0x2e0000-0x2e0fff:EW, 0x2e1000-0x2e1fff:EW, 0x2e2000-0x2e2fff:EW, 0x2e3000-0x2e3fff:EW, 0x2e4000-0x2e4fff:EW, 0x2e5000-0x2e5fff:EW, 0x2e6000-0x2e6fff:EW, 0x2e7000-0x2e7fff:EW, 0x2e8000-0x2e8fff:EW, 0x2e9000-0x2e9fff:EW, 0x2ea000-0x2eafff:EW, 0x2eb000-0x2ebfff:EW, 0x2ec000-0x2ecfff:EW, 0x2ed000-0x2edfff:EW, 0x2ee000-0x2eefff:EW, 0x2ef000-0x2effff:EW, 0x2f0000-0x2f0fff:EW, 0x2f1000-0x2f1fff:EW, 0x2f2000-0x2f2fff:EW, 0x2f3000-0x2f3fff:EW, 0x2f4000-0x2f4fff:EW, 0x2f5000-0x2f5fff:EW, 0x2f6000-0x2f6fff:EW, 0x2f7000-0x2f7fff:EW, 0x2f8000-0x2f8fff:EW, 0x2f9000-0x2f9fff:EW, 0x2fa000-0x2fafff:EW, 0x2fb000-0x2fbfff:EW, 0x2fc000-0x2fcfff:EW, 0x2fd000-0x2fdfff:EW, 0x2fe000-0x2fefff:EW, 0x2ff000-0x2fffff:EW, 0x300000-0x300fff:EW, 0x301000-0x301fff:EW, 0x302000-0x302fff:EW, 0x303000-0x303fff:EW, 0x304000-0x304fff:EW, 0x305000-0x305fff:EW, 0x306000-0x306fff:EW, 0x307000-0x307fff:EW, 0x308000-0x308fff:EW, 0x309000-0x309fff:EW, 0x30a000-0x30afff:EW, 0x30b000-0x30bfff:EW, 0x30c000-0x30cfff:EW, 0x30d000-0x30dfff:EW, 0x30e000-0x30efff:EW, 0x30f000-0x30ffff:EW, 0x310000-0x310fff:EW, 0x311000-0x311fff:EW, 0x312000-0x312fff:EW, 0x313000-0x313fff:EW, 0x314000-0x314fff:EW, 0x315000-0x315fff:EW, 0x316000-0x316fff:EW, 0x317000-0x317fff:EW, 0x318000-0x318fff:EW, 0x319000-0x319fff:EW, 0x31a000-0x31afff:EW, 0x31b000-0x31bfff:EW, 0x31c000-0x31cfff:EW, 0x31d000-0x31dfff:EW, 0x31e000-0x31efff:EW, 0x31f000-0x31ffff:EW, 0x320000-0x320fff:EW, 0x321000-0x321fff:EW, 0x322000-0x322fff:EW, 0x323000-0x323fff:EW, 0x324000-0x324fff:EW, 0x325000-0x325fff:EW, 0x326000-0x326fff:EW, 0x327000-0x327fff:EW, 0x328000-0x328fff:EW, 0x329000-0x329fff:EW, 0x32a000-0x32afff:EW, 0x32b000-0x32bfff:EW, 0x32c000-0x32cfff:EW, 0x32d000-0x32dfff:EW, 0x32e000-0x32efff:EW, 0x32f000-0x32ffff:EW, 0x330000-0x330fff:EW, 0x331000-0x331fff:EW, 0x332000-0x332fff:EW, 0x333000-0x333fff:EW, 0x334000-0x334fff:EW, 0x335000-0x335fff:EW, 0x336000-0x336fff:EW, 0x337000-0x337fff:EW, 0x338000-0x338fff:EW, 0x339000-0x339fff:EW, 0x33a000-0x33afff:EW, 0x33b000-0x33bfff:EW, 0x33c000-0x33cfff:EW, 0x33d000-0x33dfff:EW, 0x33e000-0x33efff:EW, 0x33f000-0x33ffff:EW, 0x340000-0x340fff:EW, 0x341000-0x341fff:EW, 0x342000-0x342fff:EW, 0x343000-0x343fff:EW, 0x344000-0x344fff:EW, 0x345000-0x345fff:EW, 0x346000-0x346fff:EW, 0x347000-0x347fff:EW, 0x348000-0x348fff:EW, 0x349000-0x349fff:EW, 0x34a000-0x34afff:EW, 0x34b000-0x34bfff:EW, 0x34c000-0x34cfff:EW, 0x34d000-0x34dfff:EW, 0x34e000-0x34efff:EW, 0x34f000-0x34ffff:EW, 0x350000-0x350fff:EW, 0x351000-0x351fff:EW, 0x352000-0x352fff:EW, 0x353000-0x353fff:EW, 0x354000-0x354fff:EW, 0x355000-0x355fff:EW, 0x356000-0x356fff:EW, 0x357000-0x357fff:EW, 0x358000-0x358fff:EW, 0x359000-0x359fff:EW, 0x35a000-0x35afff:EW, 0x35b000-0x35bfff:EW, 0x35c000-0x35cfff:EW, 0x35d000-0x35dfff:EW, 0x35e000-0x35efff:EW, 0x35f000-0x35ffff:EW, 0x360000-0x360fff:EW, 0x361000-0x361fff:EW, 0x362000-0x362fff:EW, 0x363000-0x363fff:EW, 0x364000-0x364fff:EW, 0x365000-0x365fff:EW, 0x366000-0x366fff:EW, 0x367000-0x367fff:EW, 0x368000-0x368fff:EW, 0x369000-0x369fff:EW, 0x36a000-0x36afff:EW, 0x36b000-0x36bfff:EW, 0x36c000-0x36cfff:EW, 0x36d000-0x36dfff:EW, 0x36e000-0x36efff:EW, 0x36f000-0x36ffff:EW, 0x370000-0x370fff:EW, 0x371000-0x371fff:EW, 0x372000-0x372fff:EW, 0x373000-0x373fff:EW, 0x374000-0x374fff:EW, 0x375000-0x375fff:EW, 0x376000-0x376fff:EW, 0x377000-0x377fff:EW, 0x378000-0x378fff:EW, 0x379000-0x379fff:EW, 0x37a000-0x37afff:EW, 0x37b000-0x37bfff:EW, 0x37c000-0x37cfff:EW, 0x37d000-0x37dfff:EW, 0x37e000-0x37efff:EW, 0x37f000-0x37ffff:EW, 0x380000-0x380fff:EW, 0x381000-0x381fff:EW, 0x382000-0x382fff:EW, 0x383000-0x383fff:EW, 0x384000-0x384fff:EW, 0x385000-0x385fff:EW, 0x386000-0x386fff:EW, 0x387000-0x387fff:EW, 0x388000-0x388fff:EW, 0x389000-0x389fff:EW, 0x38a000-0x38afff:EW, 0x38b000-0x38bfff:EW, 0x38c000-0x38cfff:EW, 0x38d000-0x38dfff:EW, 0x38e000-0x38efff:EW, 0x38f000-0x38ffff:EW, 0x390000-0x390fff:EW, 0x391000-0x391fff:EW, 0x392000-0x392fff:EW, 0x393000-0x393fff:EW, 0x394000-0x394fff:EW, 0x395000-0x395fff:EW, 0x396000-0x396fff:EW, 0x397000-0x397fff:EW, 0x398000-0x398fff:EW, 0x399000-0x399fff:EW, 0x39a000-0x39afff:EW, 0x39b000-0x39bfff:EW, 0x39c000-0x39cfff:EW, 0x39d000-0x39dfff:EW, 0x39e000-0x39efff:EW, 0x39f000-0x39ffff:EW, 0x3a0000-0x3a0fff:EW, 0x3a1000-0x3a1fff:EW, 0x3a2000-0x3a2fff:EW, 0x3a3000-0x3a3fff:EW, 0x3a4000-0x3a4fff:EW, 0x3a5000-0x3a5fff:EW, 0x3a6000-0x3a6fff:EW, 0x3a7000-0x3a7fff:EW, 0x3a8000-0x3a8fff:EW, 0x3a9000-0x3a9fff:EW, 0x3aa000-0x3aafff:EW, 0x3ab000-0x3abfff:EW, 0x3ac000-0x3acfff:EW, 0x3ad000-0x3adfff:EW, 0x3ae000-0x3aefff:EW, 0x3af000-0x3affff:EW, 0x3b0000-0x3b0fff:EW, 0x3b1000-0x3b1fff:EW, 0x3b2000-0x3b2fff:EW, 0x3b3000-0x3b3fff:EW, 0x3b4000-0x3b4fff:EW, 0x3b5000-0x3b5fff:EW, 0x3b6000-0x3b6fff:EW, 0x3b7000-0x3b7fff:EW, 0x3b8000-0x3b8fff:EW, 0x3b9000-0x3b9fff:EW, 0x3ba000-0x3bafff:EW, 0x3bb000-0x3bbfff:EW, 0x3bc000-0x3bcfff:EW, 0x3bd000-0x3bdfff:EW, 0x3be000-0x3befff:EW, 0x3bf000-0x3bffff:EW, 0x3c0000-0x3c0fff:EW, 0x3c1000-0x3c1fff:EW, 0x3c2000-0x3c2fff:EW, 0x3c3000-0x3c3fff:EW, 0x3c4000-0x3c4fff:EW, 0x3c5000-0x3c5fff:EW, 0x3c6000-0x3c6fff:EW, 0x3c7000-0x3c7fff:EW, 0x3c8000-0x3c8fff:EW, 0x3c9000-0x3c9fff:EW, 0x3ca000-0x3cafff:EW, 0x3cb000-0x3cbfff:EW, 0x3cc000-0x3ccfff:EW, 0x3cd000-0x3cdfff:EW, 0x3ce000-0x3cefff:EW, 0x3cf000-0x3cffff:EW, 0x3d0000-0x3d0fff:EW, 0x3d1000-0x3d1fff:EW, 0x3d2000-0x3d2fff:EW, 0x3d3000-0x3d3fff:EW, 0x3d4000-0x3d4fff:EW, 0x3d5000-0x3d5fff:EW, 0x3d6000-0x3d6fff:EW, 0x3d7000-0x3d7fff:EW, 0x3d8000-0x3d8fff:EW, 0x3d9000-0x3d9fff:EW, 0x3da000-0x3dafff:EW, 0x3db000-0x3dbfff:EW, 0x3dc000-0x3dcfff:EW, 0x3dd000-0x3ddfff:EW, 0x3de000-0x3defff:EW, 0x3df000-0x3dffff:EW, 0x3e0000-0x3e0fff:EW, 0x3e1000-0x3e1fff:EW, 0x3e2000-0x3e2fff:EW, 0x3e3000-0x3e3fff:EW, 0x3e4000-0x3e4fff:EW, 0x3e5000-0x3e5fff:EW, 0x3e6000-0x3e6fff:EW, 0x3e7000-0x3e7fff:EW, 0x3e8000-0x3e8fff:EW, 0x3e9000-0x3e9fff:EW, 0x3ea000-0x3eafff:EW, 0x3eb000-0x3ebfff:EW, 0x3ec000-0x3ecfff:EW, 0x3ed000-0x3edfff:EW, 0x3ee000-0x3eefff:EW, 0x3ef000-0x3effff:EW, 0x3f0000-0x3f0fff:EW, 0x3f1000-0x3f1fff:EW, 0x3f2000-0x3f2fff:EW, 0x3f3000-0x3f3fff:EW, 0x3f4000-0x3f4fff:EW, 0x3f5000-0x3f5fff:EW, 0x3f6000-0x3f6fff:EW, 0x3f7000-0x3f7fff:EW, 0x3f8000-0x3f8fff:EW, 0x3f9000-0x3f9fff:EW, 0x3fa000-0x3fafff:EW, 0x3fb000-0x3fbfff:W, 0x3fc000-0x3fcfff:W, 0x3fd000-0x3fdfff:W, 0x3fe000-0x3fefff:W, 0x3ff000-0x3fffff:W, 0x400000-0x400fff:W, 0x401000-0x401fff:W, 0x402000-0x402fff:W, 0x403000-0x403fff:W, 0x404000-0x404fff:W, 0x405000-0x405fff:W, 0x406000-0x406fff:S, 0x407000-0x407fff:S, 0x408000-0x408fff:S, 0x409000-0x409fff:S, 0x40a000-0x40afff:S, 0x40b000-0x40bfff:S, 0x40c000-0x40cfff:S, 0x40d000-0x40dfff:S, 0x40e000-0x40efff:S, 0x40f000-0x40ffff:S, 0x410000-0x410fff:S, 0x411000-0x411fff:S, 0x412000-0x412fff:S, 0x413000-0x413fff:S, 0x414000-0x414fff:S, 0x415000-0x415fff:S, 0x416000-0x416fff:S, 0x417000-0x417fff:S, 0x418000-0x418fff:S, 0x419000-0x419fff:S, 0x41a000-0x41afff:S, 0x41b000-0x41bfff:S, 0x41c000-0x41cfff:S, 0x41d000-0x41dfff:S, 0x41e000-0x41efff:S, 0x41f000-0x41ffff:S, 0x420000-0x420fff:S, 0x421000-0x421fff:S, 0x422000-0x422fff:S, 0x423000-0x423fff:S, 0x424000-0x424fff:S, 0x425000-0x425fff:S, 0x426000-0x426fff:S, 0x427000-0x427fff:S, 0x428000-0x428fff:S, 0x429000-0x429fff:S, 0x42a000-0x42afff:S, 0x42b000-0x42bfff:S, 0x42c000-0x42cfff:S, 0x42d000-0x42dfff:S, 0x42e000-0x42efff:S, 0x42f000-0x42ffff:S, 0x430000-0x430fff:S, 0x431000-0x431fff:S, 0x432000-0x432fff:S, 0x433000-0x433fff:S, 0x434000-0x434fff:S, 0x435000-0x435fff:S, 0x436000-0x436fff:S, 0x437000-0x437fff:S, 0x438000-0x438fff:S, 0x439000-0x439fff:S, 0x43a000-0x43afff:S, 0x43b000-0x43bfff:S, 0x43c000-0x43cfff:S, 0x43d000-0x43dfff:S, 0x43e000-0x43efff:S, 0x43f000-0x43ffff:S, 0x440000-0x440fff:S, 0x441000-0x441fff:S, 0x442000-0x442fff:S, 0x443000-0x443fff:S, 0x444000-0x444fff:S, 0x445000-0x445fff:S, 0x446000-0x446fff:S, 0x447000-0x447fff:S, 0x448000-0x448fff:S, 0x449000-0x449fff:S, 0x44a000-0x44afff:S, 0x44b000-0x44bfff:S, 0x44c000-0x44cfff:S, 0x44d000-0x44dfff:S, 0x44e000-0x44efff:S, 0x44f000-0x44ffff:S, 0x450000-0x450fff:S, 0x451000-0x451fff:S, 0x452000-0x452fff:S, 0x453000-0x453fff:S, 0x454000-0x454fff:S, 0x455000-0x455fff:S, 0x456000-0x456fff:S, 0x457000-0x457fff:S, 0x458000-0x458fff:S, 0x459000-0x459fff:S, 0x45a000-0x45afff:S, 0x45b000-0x45bfff:S, 0x45c000-0x45cfff:S, 0x45d000-0x45dfff:S, 0x45e000-0x45efff:S, 0x45f000-0x45ffff:S, 0x460000-0x460fff:S, 0x461000-0x461fff:S, 0x462000-0x462fff:S, 0x463000-0x463fff:S, 0x464000-0x464fff:S, 0x465000-0x465fff:S, 0x466000-0x466fff:S, 0x467000-0x467fff:S, 0x468000-0x468fff:S, 0x469000-0x469fff:S, 0x46a000-0x46afff:S, 0x46b000-0x46bfff:S, 0x46c000-0x46cfff:S, 0x46d000-0x46dfff:S, 0x46e000-0x46efff:S, 0x46f000-0x46ffff:S, 0x470000-0x470fff:S, 0x471000-0x471fff:S, 0x472000-0x472fff:S, 0x473000-0x473fff:S, 0x474000-0x474fff:S, 0x475000-0x475fff:S, 0x476000-0x476fff:S, 0x477000-0x477fff:S, 0x478000-0x478fff:S, 0x479000-0x479fff:S, 0x47a000-0x47afff:S, 0x47b000-0x47bfff:S, 0x47c000-0x47cfff:S, 0x47d000-0x47dfff:S, 0x47e000-0x47efff:S, 0x47f000-0x47ffff:S, 0x480000-0x480fff:S, 0x481000-0x481fff:S, 0x482000-0x482fff:S, 0x483000-0x483fff:S, 0x484000-0x484fff:S, 0x485000-0x485fff:S, 0x486000-0x486fff:S, 0x487000-0x487fff:S, 0x488000-0x488fff:S, 0x489000-0x489fff:S, 0x48a000-0x48afff:S, 0x48b000-0x48bfff:S, 0x48c000-0x48cfff:S, 0x48d000-0x48dfff:S, 0x48e000-0x48efff:S, 0x48f000-0x48ffff:S, 0x490000-0x490fff:S, 0x491000-0x491fff:S, 0x492000-0x492fff:S, 0x493000-0x493fff:S, 0x494000-0x494fff:S, 0x495000-0x495fff:S, 0x496000-0x496fff:S, 0x497000-0x497fff:S, 0x498000-0x498fff:S, 0x499000-0x499fff:S, 0x49a000-0x49afff:S, 0x49b000-0x49bfff:S, 0x49c000-0x49cfff:S, 0x49d000-0x49dfff:S, 0x49e000-0x49efff:S, 0x49f000-0x49ffff:S, 0x4a0000-0x4a0fff:S, 0x4a1000-0x4a1fff:S, 0x4a2000-0x4a2fff:S, 0x4a3000-0x4a3fff:S, 0x4a4000-0x4a4fff:S, 0x4a5000-0x4a5fff:S, 0x4a6000-0x4a6fff:S, 0x4a7000-0x4a7fff:S, 0x4a8000-0x4a8fff:S, 0x4a9000-0x4a9fff:S, 0x4aa000-0x4aafff:S, 0x4ab000-0x4abfff:S, 0x4ac000-0x4acfff:S, 0x4ad000-0x4adfff:S, 0x4ae000-0x4aefff:S, 0x4af000-0x4affff:S, 0x4b0000-0x4b0fff:S, 0x4b1000-0x4b1fff:S, 0x4b2000-0x4b2fff:S, 0x4b3000-0x4b3fff:S, 0x4b4000-0x4b4fff:S, 0x4b5000-0x4b5fff:S, 0x4b6000-0x4b6fff:S, 0x4b7000-0x4b7fff:S, 0x4b8000-0x4b8fff:S, 0x4b9000-0x4b9fff:S, 0x4ba000-0x4bafff:S, 0x4bb000-0x4bbfff:S, 0x4bc000-0x4bcfff:S, 0x4bd000-0x4bdfff:S, 0x4be000-0x4befff:S, 0x4bf000-0x4bffff:S, 0x4c0000-0x4c0fff:S, 0x4c1000-0x4c1fff:S, 0x4c2000-0x4c2fff:S, 0x4c3000-0x4c3fff:S, 0x4c4000-0x4c4fff:S, 0x4c5000-0x4c5fff:S, 0x4c6000-0x4c6fff:S, 0x4c7000-0x4c7fff:S, 0x4c8000-0x4c8fff:S, 0x4c9000-0x4c9fff:S, 0x4ca000-0x4cafff:S, 0x4cb000-0x4cbfff:S, 0x4cc000-0x4ccfff:S, 0x4cd000-0x4cdfff:S, 0x4ce000-0x4cefff:S, 0x4cf000-0x4cffff:S, 0x4d0000-0x4d0fff:S, 0x4d1000-0x4d1fff:S, 0x4d2000-0x4d2fff:S, 0x4d3000-0x4d3fff:S, 0x4d4000-0x4d4fff:S, 0x4d5000-0x4d5fff:S, 0x4d6000-0x4d6fff:S, 0x4d7000-0x4d7fff:S, 0x4d8000-0x4d8fff:S, 0x4d9000-0x4d9fff:S, 0x4da000-0x4dafff:S, 0x4db000-0x4dbfff:S, 0x4dc000-0x4dcfff:S, 0x4dd000-0x4ddfff:S, 0x4de000-0x4defff:S, 0x4df000-0x4dffff:S, 0x4e0000-0x4e0fff:S, 0x4e1000-0x4e1fff:S, 0x4e2000-0x4e2fff:S, 0x4e3000-0x4e3fff:S, 0x4e4000-0x4e4fff:S, 0x4e5000-0x4e5fff:S, 0x4e6000-0x4e6fff:S, 0x4e7000-0x4e7fff:S, 0x4e8000-0x4e8fff:S, 0x4e9000-0x4e9fff:S, 0x4ea000-0x4eafff:S, 0x4eb000-0x4ebfff:S, 0x4ec000-0x4ecfff:S, 0x4ed000-0x4edfff:S, 0x4ee000-0x4eefff:S, 0x4ef000-0x4effff:S, 0x4f0000-0x4f0fff:S, 0x4f1000-0x4f1fff:S, 0x4f2000-0x4f2fff:S, 0x4f3000-0x4f3fff:S, 0x4f4000-0x4f4fff:S, 0x4f5000-0x4f5fff:S, 0x4f6000-0x4f6fff:S, 0x4f7000-0x4f7fff:S, 0x4f8000-0x4f8fff:S, 0x4f9000-0x4f9fff:S, 0x4fa000-0x4fafff:S, 0x4fb000-0x4fbfff:S, 0x4fc000-0x4fcfff:S, 0x4fd000-0x4fdfff:S, 0x4fe000-0x4fefff:S, 0x4ff000-0x4fffff:S, 0x500000-0x500fff:EW, 0x501000-0x501fff:E, 0x502000-0x502fff:E, 0x503000-0x503fff:E, 0x504000-0x504fff:E, 0x505000-0x505fff:E, 0x506000-0x506fff:E, 0x507000-0x507fff:E, 0x508000-0x508fff:E, 0x509000-0x509fff:E, 0x50a000-0x50afff:E, 0x50b000-0x50bfff:E, 0x50c000-0x50cfff:E, 0x50d000-0x50dfff:E, 0x50e000-0x50efff:E, 0x50f000-0x50ffff:S, 0x510000-0x510fff:S, 0x511000-0x511fff:S, 0x512000-0x512fff:S, 0x513000-0x513fff:S, 0x514000-0x514fff:S, 0x515000-0x515fff:S, 0x516000-0x516fff:S, 0x517000-0x517fff:S, 0x518000-0x518fff:S, 0x519000-0x519fff:S, 0x51a000-0x51afff:S, 0x51b000-0x51bfff:S, 0x51c000-0x51cfff:S, 0x51d000-0x51dfff:S, 0x51e000-0x51efff:S, 0x51f000-0x51ffff:EW, 0x520000-0x520fff:E, 0x521000-0x521fff:E, 0x522000-0x522fff:E, 0x523000-0x523fff:E, 0x524000-0x524fff:E, 0x525000-0x525fff:E, 0x526000-0x526fff:E, 0x527000-0x527fff:E, 0x528000-0x528fff:E, 0x529000-0x529fff:E, 0x52a000-0x52afff:E, 0x52b000-0x52bfff:E, 0x52c000-0x52cfff:E, 0x52d000-0x52dfff:E, 0x52e000-0x52efff:E, 0x52f000-0x52ffff:E, 0x530000-0x530fff:E, 0x531000-0x531fff:E, 0x532000-0x532fff:E, 0x533000-0x533fff:E, 0x534000-0x534fff:E, 0x535000-0x535fff:E, 0x536000-0x536fff:E, 0x537000-0x537fff:E, 0x538000-0x538fff:E, 0x539000-0x539fff:E, 0x53a000-0x53afff:E, 0x53b000-0x53bfff:E, 0x53c000-0x53cfff:E, 0x53d000-0x53dfff:E, 0x53e000-0x53efff:E, 0x53f000-0x53ffff:E, 0x540000-0x540fff:S, 0x541000-0x541fff:S, 0x542000-0x542fff:S, 0x543000-0x543fff:S, 0x544000-0x544fff:S, 0x545000-0x545fff:S, 0x546000-0x546fff:S, 0x547000-0x547fff:S, 0x548000-0x548fff:S, 0x549000-0x549fff:S, 0x54a000-0x54afff:S, 0x54b000-0x54bfff:S, 0x54c000-0x54cfff:S, 0x54d000-0x54dfff:S, 0x54e000-0x54efff:S, 0x54f000-0x54ffff:S, 0x550000-0x550fff:S, 0x551000-0x551fff:S, 0x552000-0x552fff:S, 0x553000-0x553fff:S, 0x554000-0x554fff:S, 0x555000-0x555fff:S, 0x556000-0x556fff:S, 0x557000-0x557fff:S, 0x558000-0x558fff:S, 0x559000-0x559fff:S, 0x55a000-0x55afff:S, 0x55b000-0x55bfff:S, 0x55c000-0x55cfff:S, 0x55d000-0x55dfff:S, 0x55e000-0x55efff:S, 0x55f000-0x55ffff:S, 0x560000-0x560fff:S, 0x561000-0x561fff:S, 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0x738000-0x738fff:S, 0x739000-0x739fff:S, 0x73a000-0x73afff:S, 0x73b000-0x73bfff:S, 0x73c000-0x73cfff:S, 0x73d000-0x73dfff:S, 0x73e000-0x73efff:S, 0x73f000-0x73ffff:S, 0x740000-0x740fff:S, 0x741000-0x741fff:S, 0x742000-0x742fff:S, 0x743000-0x743fff:S, 0x744000-0x744fff:S, 0x745000-0x745fff:S, 0x746000-0x746fff:S, 0x747000-0x747fff:S, 0x748000-0x748fff:S, 0x749000-0x749fff:S, 0x74a000-0x74afff:S, 0x74b000-0x74bfff:S, 0x74c000-0x74cfff:S, 0x74d000-0x74dfff:S, 0x74e000-0x74efff:S, 0x74f000-0x74ffff:S, 0x750000-0x750fff:S, 0x751000-0x751fff:S, 0x752000-0x752fff:S, 0x753000-0x753fff:S, 0x754000-0x754fff:S, 0x755000-0x755fff:S, 0x756000-0x756fff:S, 0x757000-0x757fff:S, 0x758000-0x758fff:S, 0x759000-0x759fff:S, 0x75a000-0x75afff:S, 0x75b000-0x75bfff:S, 0x75c000-0x75cfff:S, 0x75d000-0x75dfff:S, 0x75e000-0x75efff:S, 0x75f000-0x75ffff:S, 0x760000-0x760fff:S, 0x761000-0x761fff:S, 0x762000-0x762fff:S, 0x763000-0x763fff:S, 0x764000-0x764fff:S, 0x765000-0x765fff:S, 0x766000-0x766fff:S, 0x767000-0x767fff:S, 0x768000-0x768fff:S, 0x769000-0x769fff:S, 0x76a000-0x76afff:S, 0x76b000-0x76bfff:S, 0x76c000-0x76cfff:S, 0x76d000-0x76dfff:S, 0x76e000-0x76efff:S, 0x76f000-0x76ffff:S, 0x770000-0x770fff:S, 0x771000-0x771fff:S, 0x772000-0x772fff:S, 0x773000-0x773fff:S, 0x774000-0x774fff:S, 0x775000-0x775fff:S, 0x776000-0x776fff:S, 0x777000-0x777fff:S, 0x778000-0x778fff:S, 0x779000-0x779fff:S, 0x77a000-0x77afff:S, 0x77b000-0x77bfff:S, 0x77c000-0x77cfff:S, 0x77d000-0x77dfff:S, 0x77e000-0x77efff:S, 0x77f000-0x77ffff:S, 0x780000-0x780fff:S, 0x781000-0x781fff:S, 0x782000-0x782fff:S, 0x783000-0x783fff:S, 0x784000-0x784fff:S, 0x785000-0x785fff:S, 0x786000-0x786fff:S, 0x787000-0x787fff:S, 0x788000-0x788fff:S, 0x789000-0x789fff:S, 0x78a000-0x78afff:S, 0x78b000-0x78bfff:S, 0x78c000-0x78cfff:S, 0x78d000-0x78dfff:S, 0x78e000-0x78efff:S, 0x78f000-0x78ffff:S, 0x790000-0x790fff:S, 0x791000-0x791fff:S, 0x792000-0x792fff:S, 0x793000-0x793fff:S, 0x794000-0x794fff:S, 0x795000-0x795fff:S, 0x796000-0x796fff:S, 0x797000-0x797fff:S, 0x798000-0x798fff:S, 0x799000-0x799fff:S, 0x79a000-0x79afff:S, 0x79b000-0x79bfff:S, 0x79c000-0x79cfff:S, 0x79d000-0x79dfff:S, 0x79e000-0x79efff:S, 0x79f000-0x79ffff:S, 0x7a0000-0x7a0fff:S, 0x7a1000-0x7a1fff:S, 0x7a2000-0x7a2fff:S, 0x7a3000-0x7a3fff:S, 0x7a4000-0x7a4fff:S, 0x7a5000-0x7a5fff:S, 0x7a6000-0x7a6fff:S, 0x7a7000-0x7a7fff:S, 0x7a8000-0x7a8fff:S, 0x7a9000-0x7a9fff:S, 0x7aa000-0x7aafff:S, 0x7ab000-0x7abfff:S, 0x7ac000-0x7acfff:S, 0x7ad000-0x7adfff:S, 0x7ae000-0x7aefff:S, 0x7af000-0x7affff:S, 0x7b0000-0x7b0fff:S, 0x7b1000-0x7b1fff:S, 0x7b2000-0x7b2fff:S, 0x7b3000-0x7b3fff:S, 0x7b4000-0x7b4fff:S, 0x7b5000-0x7b5fff:S, 0x7b6000-0x7b6fff:S, 0x7b7000-0x7b7fff:S, 0x7b8000-0x7b8fff:S, 0x7b9000-0x7b9fff:S, 0x7ba000-0x7bafff:S, 0x7bb000-0x7bbfff:S, 0x7bc000-0x7bcfff:S, 0x7bd000-0x7bdfff:S, 0x7be000-0x7befff:S, 0x7bf000-0x7bffff:S, 0x7c0000-0x7c0fff:S, 0x7c1000-0x7c1fff:S, 0x7c2000-0x7c2fff:S, 0x7c3000-0x7c3fff:S, 0x7c4000-0x7c4fff:S, 0x7c5000-0x7c5fff:S, 0x7c6000-0x7c6fff:S, 0x7c7000-0x7c7fff:S, 0x7c8000-0x7c8fff:S, 0x7c9000-0x7c9fff:S, 0x7ca000-0x7cafff:S, 0x7cb000-0x7cbfff:S, 0x7cc000-0x7ccfff:S, 0x7cd000-0x7cdfff:EW, 0x7ce000-0x7cefff:S, 0x7cf000-0x7cffff:S, 0x7d0000-0x7d0fff:S, 0x7d1000-0x7d1fff:S, 0x7d2000-0x7d2fff:S, 0x7d3000-0x7d3fff:S, 0x7d4000-0x7d4fff:S, 0x7d5000-0x7d5fff:S, 0x7d6000-0x7d6fff:S, 0x7d7000-0x7d7fff:S, 0x7d8000-0x7d8fff:S, 0x7d9000-0x7d9fff:S, 0x7da000-0x7dafff:S, 0x7db000-0x7dbfff:S, 0x7dc000-0x7dcfff:S, 0x7dd000-0x7ddfff:S, 0x7de000-0x7defff:S, 0x7df000-0x7dffff:S, 0x7e0000-0x7e0fff:S, 0x7e1000-0x7e1fff:S, 0x7e2000-0x7e2fff:EW, 0x7e3000-0x7e3fff:S, 0x7e4000-0x7e4fff:S, 0x7e5000-0x7e5fff:S, 0x7e6000-0x7e6fff:S, 0x7e7000-0x7e7fff:S, 0x7e8000-0x7e8fff:S, 0x7e9000-0x7e9fff:S, 0x7ea000-0x7eafff:S, 0x7eb000-0x7ebfff:S, 0x7ec000-0x7ecfff:S, 0x7ed000-0x7edfff:S, 0x7ee000-0x7eefff:S, 0x7ef000-0x7effff:S, 0x7f0000-0x7f0fff:S, 0x7f1000-0x7f1fff:S, 0x7f2000-0x7f2fff:S, 0x7f3000-0x7f3fff:S, 0x7f4000-0x7f4fff:S, 0x7f5000-0x7f5fff:S, 0x7f6000-0x7f6fff:S, 0x7f7000-0x7f7fff:S, 0x7f8000-0x7f8fff:S, 0x7f9000-0x7f9fff:S, 0x7fa000-0x7fafff:S, 0x7fb000-0x7fbfff:S, 0x7fc000-0x7fcfff:S, 0x7fd000-0x7fdfff:S, 0x7fe000-0x7fefff:S, 0x7ff000-0x7fffff:S Erase/write done. Verifying flash... VERIFIED. Restoring MMIO space at 0x7fdce00358a0 Restoring PCI config space for 00:1f:0 reg 0xdc

1 0

W836xx: 0x20 ID: 85.
by binoyte 24 Jan '17

24 Jan '17

flashrom v0.9.7-r1850 on Linux 4.9.4-201.fc25.x86_64 (x86_64) flashrom is free software, get the source code at http://www.flashrom.org flashrom was built with libpci 3.4.1, GCC 6.0.0 20160201 (Red Hat 6.0.0-0.9), little endian Command line (3 args): flashrom -V -p internal Calibrating delay loop... OS timer resolution is 2 usecs, 370M loops per second, 10 myus = 10 us, 100 myus = 132 us, 1000 myus = 1015 us, 10000 myus = 13591 us, 8 myus = 13 us, OK. Initializing internal programmer No coreboot table found. Using External DMI decoder. DMI string chassis-type: "Notebook" Laptop detected via DMI. DMI string system-manufacturer: "Hewlett-Packard" DMI string system-product-name: "HP Mini 110-3100 " DMI string system-version: "058F110000202B00000300100" DMI string baseboard-manufacturer: "Hewlett-Packard" DMI string baseboard-product-name: "148A" DMI string baseboard-version: "79.49" W836xx enter config mode worked or we were already in config mode. W836xx leave config mode had no effect. Active config mode, unknown reg 0x20 ID: 85. Please send the output of "flashrom -V -p internal" to flashrom(a)flashrom.org with W836xx: your board name: flashrom -V as the subject to help us finish support for your Super I/O. Thanks. Found ITE EC, ID 0x8500, Rev 0x01 on port 0x4e. ======================================================================== WARNING! You seem to be running flashrom on an unsupported laptop. Laptops, notebooks and netbooks are difficult to support and we recommend to use the vendor flashing utility. The embedded controller (EC) in these machines often interacts badly with flashing. See the manpage and http://www.flashrom.org/Laptops for details. If flash is shared with the EC, erase is guaranteed to brick your laptop and write may brick your laptop. Read and probe may irritate your EC and cause fan failure, backlight failure and sudden poweroff. You have been warned. ======================================================================== Aborting. Error: Programmer initialization failed.

1 0

Flash write fails on SST49LF080A chip
by avery 12 Jan '17

12 Jan '17

I'm trying to flash a SST49LF080A chip and get an error when flashing, the motherboard is from a HP xw9400 AMD Opteron based system. I'm flashing from a CentOS6.x live image using flashrom 0.9.5.2-r1530. I've also tried a Ubuntu 16 live image with a later version of flashrom and it also fails. I've tried physically removing all devices(disk/cd) and using minimal RAM in case it is a power issue but it fails the same way. There is a un-populated jumper on the board that write enables the flash boot block and I've soldered that closed. Can anyone help? Thanks! [root@livecd bios]# flashrom -w bios402-mac.rom flashrom v0.9.5.2-r1530 on Linux 2.6.32-358.el6.x86_64 (x86_64), built with libpci 3.1.4, GCC 4.4.6 20110731 (Red Hat 4.4.6-3), little endian flashrom is free software, get the source code at http://www.flashrom.org Calibrating delay loop... OK. Found chipset "NVIDIA MCP55". Enabling flash write... OK. Disabling flash write protection for board "HP xw9400"... OK. Found SST flash chip "SST49LF080A" (1024 kB, LPC) at physical address 0xfff00000. Flash image seems to be a legacy BIOS. Disabling coreboot-related checks. Reading old flash chip contents... done. Erasing and writing flash chip... writing sector at 0x7ff8222d9800 failed! Reading current flash chip contents... done. ERASE FAILED at 0x000f0000! Expected=0xff, Read=0xe9, failed byte count from 0x000f0000-0x000fffff: 0x8ede ERASE FAILED! FAILED! Uh oh. Erase/write failed. Checking if anything changed. Your flash chip is in an unknown state. Get help on IRC at chat.freenode.net (channel #flashrom) or mail flashrom(a)flashrom.org with the subject "FAILED: <your board name>"! ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- DO NOT REBOOT OR POWEROFF! ##################################################################### flashrom -r backup.bin flashrom v0.9.5.2-r1530 on Linux 2.6.32-358.el6.x86_64 (x86_64), built with libpci 3.1.4, GCC 4.4.6 20110731 (Red Hat 4.4.6-3), little endian flashrom is free software, get the source code at http://www.flashrom.org Calibrating delay loop... OK. Found chipset "NVIDIA MCP55". Enabling flash write... OK. Disabling flash write protection for board "HP xw9400"... OK. Found SST flash chip "SST49LF080A" (1024 kB, LPC) at physical address 0xfff00000. Reading flash... done. ##################################################################### [root@livecd ~]# flashrom -V flashrom v0.9.5.2-r1530 on Linux 2.6.32-358.el6.x86_64 (x86_64), built with libpci 3.1.4, GCC 4.4.6 20110731 (Red Hat 4.4.6-3), little endian flashrom is free software, get the source code at http://www.flashrom.org Calibrating delay loop... OS timer resolution is 2 usecs, 925M loops per second, 10 myus = 11 us, 100 myus = 101 us, 1000 myus = 1008 us, 10000 myus = 10013 us, 8 myus = 10 us, OK. Initializing internal programmer No coreboot table found. DMI string system-manufacturer: "Hewlett-Packard" DMI string system-product-name: "HP xw9400 Workstation" DMI string system-version: " " DMI string baseboard-manufacturer: "Hewlett-Packard" DMI string baseboard-product-name: "0A1Ch" DMI string baseboard-version: "E" DMI string chassis-type: "Mini Tower" Found chipset "NVIDIA MCP55" with PCI ID 10de:0364. Enabling flash write... OK. Disabling flash write protection for board "HP xw9400"... OK. The following protocols are supported: Non-SPI. Probing for AMD Am29F010A/B, 128 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0x24, id2 0x50, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for AMD Am29F002(N)BB, 256 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xff, id2 0xd3, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for AMD Am29F002(N)BT, 256 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xff, id2 0xd3, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for AMD Am29F016D, 2048 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xff, id2 0xff, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for AMD Am29F040B, 512 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xff, id2 0xff, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for AMD Am29F080B, 1024 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0x32, id2 0x55, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for AMD Am29LV001BB, 128 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0x24, id2 0x50, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for AMD Am29LV001BT, 128 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0x24, id2 0x50, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for AMD Am29LV002BB, 256 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xff, id2 0xd3, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for AMD Am29LV002BT, 256 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xff, id2 0xd3, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for AMD Am29LV004BB, 512 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xff, id2 0xff, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for AMD Am29LV004BT, 512 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xff, id2 0xff, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for AMD Am29LV008BB, 1024 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0x32, id2 0x55, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for AMD Am29LV008BT, 1024 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0x32, id2 0x55, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for AMD Am29LV040B, 512 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xff, id2 0xff, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for AMD Am29LV081B, 1024 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0x32, id2 0x55, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for AMIC A29002B, 256 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xff, id2 0xd3, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for AMIC A29002T, 256 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xff, id2 0xd3, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for AMIC A29040B, 512 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xff, id2 0xff, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for AMIC A49LF040A, 512 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for Atmel AT29C512, 64 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for Atmel AT29C010A, 128 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for Atmel AT29C020, 256 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for Atmel AT29C040A, 512 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for Atmel AT49BV512, 64 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for Atmel AT49F002(N), 256 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for Atmel AT49F002(N)T, 256 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for Atmel AT49F020, 256 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for Atmel AT49F040, 512 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for Atmel AT49LH002, 256 kB: probe_82802ab: id1 0xff, id2 0xd3, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for Catalyst CAT28F512, 64 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for Bright BM29F040, 512 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for EMST F49B002UA, 256 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for Eon EN29F010, 128 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0x24, id2 0x50, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for Eon EN29F002(A)(N)B, 256 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xff, id2 0xd3, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for Eon EN29F002(A)(N)T, 256 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xff, id2 0xd3, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for Eon EN29LV640B, 8192 kB: probe_en29lv640b: id1 0xffff, id2 0x00ff Probing for Fujitsu MBM29F004BC, 512 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xff, id2 0xff, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for Fujitsu MBM29F004TC, 512 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xff, id2 0xff, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for Fujitsu MBM29F400BC, 512 kB: probe_m29f400bt: id1 0xff, id2 0xff Probing for Fujitsu MBM29F400TC, 512 kB: probe_m29f400bt: id1 0xff, id2 0xff Probing for Hyundai HY29F002T, 256 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for Hyundai HY29F002B, 256 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for Hyundai HY29F040A, 512 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xff, id2 0xff, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for Intel 28F001BN/BX-B, 128 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for Intel 28F001BN/BX-T, 128 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for Intel 28F002BC/BL/BV/BX-T, 256 kB: probe_82802ab: id1 0xff, id2 0xd3, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for Intel 28F008S3/S5/SC, 512 kB: probe_82802ab: id1 0xff, id2 0xff, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for Intel 28F004B5/BE/BV/BX-B, 512 kB: probe_82802ab: id1 0xff, id2 0xff, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for Intel 28F004B5/BE/BV/BX-T, 512 kB: probe_82802ab: id1 0xff, id2 0xff, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for Intel 28F400BV/BX/CE/CV-B, 512 kB: probe_82802ab: id1 0xff, id2 0xff, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for Intel 28F400BV/BX/CE/CV-T, 512 kB: probe_82802ab: id1 0xff, id2 0xff, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for Intel 82802AB, 512 kB: probe_82802ab: id1 0xff, id2 0xff, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for Intel 82802AC, 1024 kB: probe_82802ab: id1 0x32, id2 0x55, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for Macronix MX29F001B, 128 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0x24, id2 0x50, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for Macronix MX29F001T, 128 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0x24, id2 0x50, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for Macronix MX29F002(N)B, 256 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xff, id2 0xd3, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for Macronix MX29F002(N)T, 256 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xff, id2 0xd3, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for Macronix MX29F040, 512 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xff, id2 0xff, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for Macronix MX29LV040, 512 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xff, id2 0xff, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for MoselVitelic V29C51000B, 64 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for MoselVitelic V29C51000T, 64 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for MoselVitelic V29C51400B, 512 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for MoselVitelic V29C51400T, 512 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for MoselVitelic V29LC51000, 64 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for MoselVitelic V29LC51001, 128 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for MoselVitelic V29LC51002, 256 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for PMC Pm29F002T, 256 kB: Chip lacks correct probe timing information, using default 10mS/40uS. probe_jedec_common: id1 0xff, id2 0xd3, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for PMC Pm29F002B, 256 kB: Chip lacks correct probe timing information, using default 10mS/40uS. probe_jedec_common: id1 0xff, id2 0xd3, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for PMC Pm39LV010, 128 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0x24, id2 0x50, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for PMC Pm39LV020, 256 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xff, id2 0xd3, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for PMC Pm39LV040, 512 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xff, id2 0xff, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for PMC Pm49FL002, 256 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for PMC Pm49FL004, 512 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for Sharp LH28F008BJT-BTLZ1, 1024 kB: probe_82802ab: id1 0x32, id2 0x55, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for Sharp LHF00L04, 1024 kB: probe_82802ab: id1 0x32, id2 0x55, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for SST SST28SF040A, 512 kB: probe_82802ab: id1 0xff, id2 0xff, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for SST SST29EE010, 128 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for SST SST29LE010, 128 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for SST SST29EE020A, 256 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for SST SST29LE020, 256 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for SST SST39SF512, 64 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for SST SST39SF010A, 128 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for SST SST39SF020A, 256 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for SST SST39SF040, 512 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for SST SST39VF512, 64 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for SST SST39VF010, 128 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for SST SST39VF020, 256 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for SST SST39VF040, 512 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for SST SST39VF080, 1024 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for SST SST49LF002A/B, 256 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for SST SST49LF003A/B, 384 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for SST SST49LF004A/B, 512 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for SST SST49LF004C, 512 kB: probe_82802ab: id1 0xff, id2 0xff, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for SST SST49LF008A, 1024 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for SST SST49LF008C, 1024 kB: probe_82802ab: id1 0x32, id2 0x55, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for SST SST49LF016C, 2048 kB: probe_82802ab: id1 0xff, id2 0xff, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for SST SST49LF020, 256 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for SST SST49LF020A, 256 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for SST SST49LF040, 512 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for SST SST49LF040B, 512 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for SST SST49LF080A, 1024 kB: Chip lacks correct probe timing information, using default 10mS/40uS. probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Found SST flash chip "SST49LF080A" (1024 kB, LPC) at physical address 0xfff00000. Probing for SST SST49LF160C, 2048 kB: probe_82802ab: id1 0xff, id2 0xff, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for ST M29F002B, 256 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xff, id2 0xd3, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for ST M29F002T/NT, 256 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xff, id2 0xd3, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for ST M29F040B, 512 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xff, id2 0xff, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for ST M29F400BB, 512 kB: probe_m29f400bt: id1 0xff, id2 0xff Probing for ST M29F400BT, 512 kB: probe_m29f400bt: id1 0xff, id2 0xff Probing for ST M29W010B, 128 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0x24, id2 0x50, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for ST M29W040B, 512 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xff, id2 0xff, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for ST M29W512B, 64 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xe9, id2 0x6d, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for ST M50FLW040A, 512 kB: probe_82802ab: id1 0xff, id2 0xff, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for ST M50FLW040B, 512 kB: probe_82802ab: id1 0xff, id2 0xff, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for ST M50FLW080A, 1024 kB: probe_82802ab: id1 0x32, id2 0x55, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for ST M50FLW080B, 1024 kB: probe_82802ab: id1 0x32, id2 0x55, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for ST M50FW002, 256 kB: probe_82802ab: id1 0xff, id2 0xd3, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for ST M50FW016, 2048 kB: probe_82802ab: id1 0xff, id2 0xff, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for ST M50FW040, 512 kB: probe_82802ab: id1 0xff, id2 0xff, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for ST M50FW080, 1024 kB: probe_82802ab: id1 0x32, id2 0x55, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for ST M50LPW116, 2048 kB: probe_82802ab: id1 0xff, id2 0xff, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for SyncMOS/MoselVitelic {F,S,V}29C51001B, 128 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for SyncMOS/MoselVitelic {F,S,V}29C51001T, 128 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for SyncMOS/MoselVitelic {F,S,V}29C51002B, 256 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for SyncMOS/MoselVitelic {F,S,V}29C51002T, 256 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for SyncMOS/MoselVitelic {F,S,V}29C51004B, 512 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for SyncMOS/MoselVitelic {F,S,V}29C51004T, 512 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for SyncMOS/MoselVitelic {S,V}29C31004B, 512 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for SyncMOS/MoselVitelic {S,V}29C31004T, 512 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for TI TMS29F002RB, 256 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xff, id2 0xd3, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for TI TMS29F002RT, 256 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xff, id2 0xd3, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for Winbond W29C010(M)/W29C011A/W29EE011/W29EE012-old, 128 kB: Old Winbond W29* probe method disabled because the probing sequence puts the AMIC A49LF040A in a funky state. Use 'flashrom -c W29C010(M)/W29C011A/W29EE011/W29EE012-old' if you have a board with such a chip. Probing for Winbond W29C010(M)/W29C011A/W29EE011/W29EE012, 128 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for Winbond W29C020(C)/W29C022, 256 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for Winbond W29C040/P, 512 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for Winbond W39L040, 512 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for Winbond W39V040A, 512 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for Winbond W39V040B, 512 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for Winbond W39V040C, 512 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for Winbond W39V040FA, 512 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for Winbond W39V040FB, 512 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for Winbond W39V040FC, 512 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for Winbond W39V080A, 1024 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for Winbond W49F002U/N, 256 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for Winbond W49F020, 256 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for Winbond W49V002A, 256 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for Winbond W49V002FA, 256 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for Winbond W39V080FA, 1024 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Probing for Winbond W39V080FA (dual mode), 512 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xbf, id2 0x5b Found SST flash chip "SST49LF080A" (1024 kB, LPC). No operations were specified. Restoring PCI config space for 00:01:0 reg 0x6d Restoring PCI config space for 00:01:0 reg 0x90 Restoring PCI config space for 00:01:0 reg 0x8c Restoring PCI config space for 00:01:0 reg 0x88

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building flashrom for windows
by Phillip Vallejo 10 Jan '17

10 Jan '17

I know that in general we should be able to build flashrom for windows. From previous posts it looks like the https://www.flashrom.org/Windows page is out of date. But I have a few questions on how to proceed: 1. Has anyone had luck with building a working flashrom for windows with one of the newer versions (flashrom 0.9.7 or later...) and preferably newer libusb 1.0 and libftdi 1.0? 2. Is there any reason to think the build task would be easier on linux crosscompiling for windows rather than building thru mingw on windows? Any helpful recommendations appreciated. Thanks, -Phil

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Re: [flashrom] [PATCH] Give warning for CH341A programmer in alternate mode
by Keno Fischer 09 Jan '17

09 Jan '17

> > > > - libusb_set_debug(NULL, 3); // Enable information, warning and error messages (only). > > + libusb_set_debug(NULL, 4); // Enable information, warning and error messages (only). > > > Was this supposed to be a part of this patch? ;) Ah no, of course not. Was doing some debugging and forgot to set it back ;). Thanks for catching that.

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[PATCH] Give warning for CH341A programmer in alternate mode
by Keno Fischer 09 Jan '17

09 Jan '17

My programmer with this chip has a jumper to select between USB <-> UART translation and USB <-> SPI translation. Only the latter is applicable for use as an SPI programmer of course, but it's an easy and non-obvious mistake to make. The UART mode (and a printer mode not exposed on my programmer, but available on the chip according to the datasheet), are indicated through different USB IDs, which we can easily detect. Do so, and print an informative warning when such a device is detected. Signed-off-by: Keno Fischer <keno(a)juliacomputing.com> --- ch341a_spi.c | 59 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----- 1 file changed, 54 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-) diff --git a/ch341a_spi.c b/ch341a_spi.c index 6eb2804..7eba6b1 100644 --- a/ch341a_spi.c +++ b/ch341a_spi.c @@ -93,6 +93,16 @@ const struct dev_entry devs_ch341a_spi[] = { {0}, }; +/* The CH341A has alternate modes, indicated as different USB device IDs and + * generally selectible on programmers via jumpers. Those alternate modes are + * unsuitable for use as a programmer, but we want to be able to detect them, + * to give a nice error message to the user. */ +const struct dev_entry devs_ch341a_spi_alternate[] = { + {0x1A86, 0x5523, OK, "Winchiphead (WCH)", "CH341A Serial"}, + {0x1A86, 0x5584, OK, "Winchiphead (WCH)", "CH341A Printer"}, + {0}, +}; + enum trans_state {TRANS_ACTIVE = -2, TRANS_ERR = -1, TRANS_IDLE = 0}; static void print_hex(const void *buf, size_t len) @@ -431,6 +441,47 @@ static int ch341a_spi_shutdown(void *data) return 0; } +static bool device_matches(const struct libusb_device_descriptor *desc, const struct dev_entry *entry) +{ + return desc->idVendor == entry->vendor_id && desc->idProduct == entry->device_id; +} + +static struct libusb_device_handle *ch341a_find_device() +{ + struct libusb_device *dev, **devs; + struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle = NULL; + size_t i = 0; + + if (libusb_get_device_list(NULL, &devs) < 0) + return dev_handle; + + while ((dev = devs[i++]) != NULL) { + struct libusb_device_descriptor desc; + const struct dev_entry *entry; + if (libusb_get_device_descriptor(dev, &desc) < 0) + goto out; + for (entry = devs_ch341a_spi_alternate; entry->vendor_id != 0; ++entry) { + if (device_matches(&desc, entry)) { + msg_pwarn("CH341A device in alternate mode detected.\n" + "There may be a jumper on your programmer to switch modes.\n"); + } + } + for (entry = devs_ch341a_spi; entry->vendor_id != 0; ++entry) { + if (device_matches(&desc, entry)) { + if (dev_handle) { + msg_pwarn("Multiple CH341A devices detected. Selecting the first.\n"); + goto out; + } + libusb_open(dev, &dev_handle); + } + } + } + +out: + libusb_free_device_list(devs, 1); + return dev_handle; +} + int ch341a_spi_init(void) { if (handle != NULL) { @@ -444,13 +495,11 @@ int ch341a_spi_init(void) return -1; } - libusb_set_debug(NULL, 3); // Enable information, warning and error messages (only). + libusb_set_debug(NULL, 4); // Enable information, warning and error messages (only). - uint16_t vid = devs_ch341a_spi[0].vendor_id; - uint16_t pid = devs_ch341a_spi[0].device_id; - handle = libusb_open_device_with_vid_pid(NULL, vid, pid); + handle = ch341a_find_device(); if (handle == NULL) { - msg_perr("Couldn't open device %04x:%04x.\n", vid, pid); + msg_perr("No usable CH341A USB device found.\n"); return -1; } -- 1.7.10.4

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Working W25Q256
by note importa 04 Jan '17

04 Jan '17

Hello, i just write to say that i got working a winbond W25Q256 memory whit flashrom applying the patches for this chip. Its works great i can erase write and read whit no problems. Im using a raspberry pi model b Cya and thanks for this awsome job.

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Re: [flashrom] [PATCH 3/10] 4BA: Winbond W25Q256.V chip (32MB) declaration, 4-bytes addr mode
by Marcos Ledesma 03 Jan '17

03 Jan '17

Hello, i want to know how I modify flashrom files to add w25q256 support. Thanks. Descripción: Marcos-Ledesma

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Verifying flash... FAILED
by Joe Lee 25 Dec '16

25 Dec '16

I flashed a ThinkPad T500 and got this message. > Verifying flash... FAILED at 0x0004c001! Expected=0x3e, Found=0xc7, failed byte count from 0x00000000-0x007fffff: 0x6 > Your flash chip is in an unknown state. Cheers!

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Re: [flashrom] FAILED: GA-B75M-D3V
by Nico Huber 24 Dec '16

24 Dec '16

On 23.12.2016 08:19, David Hendricks wrote: > Looks like it failed to overwrite the descriptor region (Intel ME-related > headache): https://www.flashrom.org/ME According to the log, the descriptor is writeable. Also the error occurs right behind it. When I looked through it first, I thought there might be a board speci- fic write-protection. But now that David pointed me to the 0x1000 here: >> 0x000000-0x00ffff:EFAILED at 0x00001000! Expected=0xff, Found=0x20, I think you just selected the wrong chip. MX25L6405 uses a 64KiB erase- block size by default, but only 4KiB (i.e. everything before 0x1000) got erased. So it's likely one of the other chips flashrom proposed (it can't know by itself, since the chip vendors reuse their IDs...). MX25L6405D seems to be a good choice if you don't know for sure which chip you have. It uses a subset of the functions the other chips use. Hope that helps, Nico > > You can target regions more carefully using a layout file. It appears the > other regions (ME, BIOS, GbE) are unlocked, so you can try creating a > layout that includes only those regions. > > On Mon, Dec 19, 2016 at 7:54 PM, Shawn <citypw(a)gmail.com> wrote: > >> Hi flashrom maintainers, >> >> I failed to write a modified ROM to the flash via internal. Maybe this >> chipset can only be writable via external programmer? >> >> root@sysresccd /root % flashrom -p internal >> flashrom v0.9.8-r1888 on Linux 4.4.28-std490-amd64 (x86_64) >> flashrom is free software, get the source code at http://www.flashrom.org >> >> Calibrating delay loop... OK. >> Found chipset "Intel B75". >> Enabling flash write... Warning: SPI Configuration Lockdown activated. >> OK. >> Found Macronix flash chip "MX25L6405" (8192 kB, SPI) mapped at >> physical address 0xff800000. >> Found Macronix flash chip "MX25L6405D" (8192 kB, SPI) mapped at >> physical address 0xff800000. >> Found Macronix flash chip "MX25L6406E/MX25L6408E" (8192 kB, SPI) >> mapped at physical address 0xff800000. >> Found Macronix flash chip >> "MX25L6436E/MX25L6445E/MX25L6465E/MX25L6473E" (8192 kB, SPI) mapped at >> physical address 0xff800000. >> Multiple flash chip definitions match the detected chip(s): >> "MX25L6405", "MX25L6405D", "MX25L6406E/MX25L6408E", >> "MX25L6436E/MX25L6445E/MX25L6465E/MX25L6473E" >> Please specify which chip definition to use with the -c <chipname> option. >> >> >> root@sysresccd /root % flashrom -VV -p internal -c MX25L6405 -w >> factory_giga1.bin.new.new >> flashrom v0.9.8-r1888 on Linux 4.4.28-std490-amd64 (x86_64) >> flashrom is free software, get the source code at http://www.flashrom.org >> >> flashrom was built with libpci 3.4.1, GCC 4.8.5, little endian >> Command line (7 args): flashrom -VV -p internal -c MX25L6405 -w >> factory_giga1.bin.new.new >> Calibrating delay loop... OS timer resolution is 1 usecs, 1944M loops >> per second, 10 myus = 10 us, 100 myus = 117 us, 1000 myus = 1021 us, >> 10000 myus = 10021 us, 4 myus = 4 us, OK. >> Initializing internal programmer >> No coreboot table found. >> Using Internal DMI decoder. >> DMI string chassis-type: "Desktop" >> DMI string system-manufacturer: "Gigabyte Technology Co., Ltd." >> DMI string system-product-name: "To be filled by O.E.M." >> DMI string system-version: "To be filled by O.E.M." >> DMI string baseboard-manufacturer: "Gigabyte Technology Co., Ltd." >> DMI string baseboard-product-name: "B75M-D3V" >> DMI string baseboard-version: "To be filled by O.E.M." >> Found ITE Super I/O, ID 0x8728 on port 0x2e >> Found chipset "Intel B75" with PCI ID 8086:1e49. >> Enabling flash write... Root Complex Register Block address = 0xfed1c000 >> GCS = 0xc64: BIOS Interface Lock-Down: disabled, Boot BIOS Straps: 0x3 >> (SPI) >> Top Swap: enabled (A16(+) inverted) >> 0xfff80000/0xffb80000 FWH IDSEL: 0x0 >> 0xfff00000/0xffb00000 FWH IDSEL: 0x0 >> 0xffe80000/0xffa80000 FWH IDSEL: 0x1 >> 0xffe00000/0xffa00000 FWH IDSEL: 0x1 >> 0xffd80000/0xff980000 FWH IDSEL: 0x2 >> 0xffd00000/0xff900000 FWH IDSEL: 0x2 >> 0xffc80000/0xff880000 FWH IDSEL: 0x3 >> 0xffc00000/0xff800000 FWH IDSEL: 0x3 >> 0xff700000/0xff300000 FWH IDSEL: 0x4 >> 0xff600000/0xff200000 FWH IDSEL: 0x5 >> 0xff500000/0xff100000 FWH IDSEL: 0x6 >> 0xff400000/0xff000000 FWH IDSEL: 0x7 >> 0xfff80000/0xffb80000 FWH decode enabled >> 0xfff00000/0xffb00000 FWH decode enabled >> 0xffe80000/0xffa80000 FWH decode enabled >> 0xffe00000/0xffa00000 FWH decode enabled >> 0xffd80000/0xff980000 FWH decode enabled >> 0xffd00000/0xff900000 FWH decode enabled >> 0xffc80000/0xff880000 FWH decode enabled >> 0xffc00000/0xff800000 FWH decode enabled >> 0xff700000/0xff300000 FWH decode enabled >> 0xff600000/0xff200000 FWH decode enabled >> 0xff500000/0xff100000 FWH decode enabled >> 0xff400000/0xff000000 FWH decode enabled >> Maximum FWH chip size: 0x100000 bytes >> SPI Read Configuration: prefetching enabled, caching enabled, >> BIOS_CNTL = 0x09: BIOS Lock Enable: disabled, BIOS Write Enable: enabled >> SPIBAR = 0xf7795000 + 0x3800 >> 0x04: 0xe008 (HSFS) >> HSFS: FDONE=0, FCERR=0, AEL=0, BERASE=1, SCIP=0, FDOPSS=1, FDV=1, FLOCKDN=1 >> Warning: SPI Configuration Lockdown activated. >> Reading OPCODES... done >> OP Type Pre-OP >> op[0]: 0x02, write w/ addr, none >> op[1]: 0x03, read w/ addr, none >> op[2]: 0x20, write w/ addr, none >> op[3]: 0x05, read w/o addr, none >> op[4]: 0x9f, read w/o addr, none >> op[5]: 0x01, write w/o addr, none >> op[6]: 0x00, read w/o addr, none >> op[7]: 0x00, read w/o addr, none >> Pre-OP 0: 0x06, Pre-OP 1: 0x00 >> 0x06: 0x0000 (HSFC) >> HSFC: FGO=0, FCYCLE=0, FDBC=0, SME=0 >> 0x08: 0x00000000 (FADDR) >> 0x50: 0x0000ffff (FRAP) >> BMWAG 0x00, BMRAG 0x00, BRWA 0xff, BRRA 0xff >> 0x54: 0x00000000 FREG0: Flash Descriptor region >> (0x00000000-0x00000fff) is read-write. >> 0x58: 0x07ff0000 FREG1: BIOS region (0x00000000-0x007fffff) is read-write. >> 0x5C: 0x04ff0001 FREG2: Management Engine region >> (0x00001000-0x004fffff) is read-write. >> 0x60: 0x00001fff FREG3: Gigabit Ethernet region is unused. >> 0x64: 0x00001fff FREG4: Platform Data region is unused. >> 0x74: 0x00000000 (PR0 is unused) >> 0x78: 0x00000000 (PR1 is unused) >> 0x7C: 0x00000000 (PR2 is unused) >> 0x80: 0x00000000 (PR3 is unused) >> 0x84: 0x00000000 (PR4 is unused) >> 0x90: 0x84 (SSFS) >> SSFS: SCIP=0, FDONE=1, FCERR=0, AEL=0 >> 0x91: 0xf94240 (SSFC) >> SSFC: SCGO=0, ACS=0, SPOP=0, COP=4, DBC=2, SME=0, SCF=1 >> 0x94: 0x0006 (PREOP) >> 0x96: 0x043b (OPTYPE) >> 0x98: 0x05200302 (OPMENU) >> 0x9C: 0x0000019f (OPMENU+4) >> 0xA0: 0x00000000 (BBAR) >> 0xC4: 0x00802005 (LVSCC) >> LVSCC: BES=0x1, WG=1, WSR=0, WEWS=0, EO=0x20, VCL=1 >> 0xC8: 0x00002005 (UVSCC) >> UVSCC: BES=0x1, WG=1, WSR=0, WEWS=0, EO=0x20 >> 0xD0: 0x00000000 (FPB) >> Reading flash descriptors mapped by the chipset via FDOC/FDOD... done. >> === Content Section === >> FLVALSIG 0x0ff0a55a >> FLMAP0 0x02040003 >> FLMAP1 0x12100206 >> FLMAP2 0x00210120 >> >> --- Details --- >> NR (Number of Regions): 3 >> FRBA (Flash Region Base Address): 0x040 >> NC (Number of Components): 1 >> FCBA (Flash Component Base Address): 0x030 >> ISL (ICH/PCH Strap Length): 18 >> FISBA/FPSBA (Flash ICH/PCH Strap Base Address): 0x100 >> NM (Number of Masters): 3 >> FMBA (Flash Master Base Address): 0x060 >> MSL/PSL (MCH/PROC Strap Length): 1 >> FMSBA (Flash MCH/PROC Strap Base Address): 0x200 >> >> === Component Section === >> FLCOMP 0x09300024 >> FLILL 0x00000000 >> >> --- Details --- >> Component 1 density: 8 MB >> Component 2 is not used. >> Read Clock Frequency: 20 MHz >> Read ID and Status Clock Freq.: 33 MHz >> Write and Erase Clock Freq.: 33 MHz >> Fast Read is supported. >> Fast Read Clock Frequency: 33 MHz >> Dual Output Fast Read Support: enabled >> No forbidden opcodes. >> >> === Region Section === >> FLREG0 0x00000000 >> FLREG1 0x07ff0000 >> FLREG2 0x04ff0001 >> FLREG3 0x00001fff >> FLREG4 0x00001fff >> >> --- Details --- >> Region 0 (Descr.) 0x00000000 - 0x00000fff >> Region 1 (BIOS ) 0x00000000 - 0x007fffff >> Region 2 (ME ) 0x00001000 - 0x004fffff >> Region 3 (GbE ) is unused. >> Region 4 (Platf.) is unused. >> >> === Master Section === >> FLMSTR1 0xffff0000 >> FLMSTR2 0xffff0000 >> FLMSTR3 0xffff0118 >> >> --- Details --- >> Descr. BIOS ME GbE Platf. >> BIOS rw rw rw rw rw >> ME rw rw rw rw rw >> GbE rw rw rw rw rw >> >> OK. >> No IT87* serial flash segment enabled. >> The following protocols are supported: FWH, SPI. >> Probing for Macronix MX25L6405, 8192 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 >> 0xc2, id2 0x2017 >> Found Macronix flash chip "MX25L6405" (8192 kB, SPI) mapped at >> physical address 0xff800000. >> Chip status register is 0x00. >> Chip status register: Status Register Write Disable (SRWD, SRP, ...) is >> not set >> Chip status register: Bit 6 is not set >> Chip status register: Block Protect 3 (BP3) is not set >> Chip status register: Block Protect 2 (BP2) is not set >> Chip status register: Block Protect 1 (BP1) is not set >> Chip status register: Block Protect 0 (BP0) is not set >> Chip status register: Write Enable Latch (WEL) is not set >> Chip status register: Write In Progress (WIP/BUSY) is not set >> Block protection is disabled. >> Flash image seems to be a legacy BIOS. Disabling coreboot-related checks. >> Reading old flash chip contents... done. >> Erasing and writing flash chip... Trying erase function 0... >> 0x000000-0x00ffff:EFAILED at 0x00001000! Expected=0xff, Found=0x20, >> failed byte count from 0x00000000-0x0000ffff: 0xb55d >> ERASE FAILED! >> Reading current flash chip contents... done. Looking for another erase >> function. >> Trying erase function 1... 0x000000-0x00ffff:EInvalid OPCODE 0x06, >> will not execute. >> spi_block_erase_d8 failed during command execution at address 0x0 >> Reading current flash chip contents... done. Looking for another erase >> function. >> Trying erase function 2... 0x000000-0x7fffff:EInvalid OPCODE 0x06, >> will not execute. >> spi_chip_erase_60 failed during command execution >> Reading current flash chip contents... done. Looking for another erase >> function. >> Trying erase function 3... 0x000000-0x7fffff:EInvalid OPCODE 0x06, >> will not execute. >> spi_chip_erase_c7 failed during command execution >> Looking for another erase function. >> No usable erase functions left. >> FAILED! >> Uh oh. Erase/write failed. Checking if anything has changed. >> Reading current flash chip contents... done. >> Apparently at least some data has changed. >> Your flash chip is in an unknown state. >> Get help on IRC at chat.freenode.net (channel #flashrom) or >> mail flashrom(a)flashrom.org with the subject "FAILED: <your board name>"! >> ------------------------------------------------------------ >> ------------------- >> DO NOT REBOOT OR POWEROFF! >> Restoring MMIO space at 0xf77988a0 >> Restoring PCI config space for 00:1f:0 reg 0xdc >> >> >> -- >> GNU powered it... >> GPL protect it... >> God blessing it... >> >> regards >> Shawn >> >> _______________________________________________ >> flashrom mailing list >> flashrom(a)flashrom.org >> https://www.flashrom.org/mailman/listinfo/flashrom >> > > > > _______________________________________________ > flashrom mailing list > flashrom(a)flashrom.org > https://www.flashrom.org/mailman/listinfo/flashrom >

2 1

Re: [flashrom] FAILED: GA-B75M-D3V
by David Hendricks 23 Dec '16

23 Dec '16

Looks like it failed to overwrite the descriptor region (Intel ME-related headache): https://www.flashrom.org/ME You can target regions more carefully using a layout file. It appears the other regions (ME, BIOS, GbE) are unlocked, so you can try creating a layout that includes only those regions. On Mon, Dec 19, 2016 at 7:54 PM, Shawn <citypw(a)gmail.com> wrote: > Hi flashrom maintainers, > > I failed to write a modified ROM to the flash via internal. Maybe this > chipset can only be writable via external programmer? > > root@sysresccd /root % flashrom -p internal > flashrom v0.9.8-r1888 on Linux 4.4.28-std490-amd64 (x86_64) > flashrom is free software, get the source code at http://www.flashrom.org > > Calibrating delay loop... OK. > Found chipset "Intel B75". > Enabling flash write... Warning: SPI Configuration Lockdown activated. > OK. > Found Macronix flash chip "MX25L6405" (8192 kB, SPI) mapped at > physical address 0xff800000. > Found Macronix flash chip "MX25L6405D" (8192 kB, SPI) mapped at > physical address 0xff800000. > Found Macronix flash chip "MX25L6406E/MX25L6408E" (8192 kB, SPI) > mapped at physical address 0xff800000. > Found Macronix flash chip > "MX25L6436E/MX25L6445E/MX25L6465E/MX25L6473E" (8192 kB, SPI) mapped at > physical address 0xff800000. > Multiple flash chip definitions match the detected chip(s): > "MX25L6405", "MX25L6405D", "MX25L6406E/MX25L6408E", > "MX25L6436E/MX25L6445E/MX25L6465E/MX25L6473E" > Please specify which chip definition to use with the -c <chipname> option. > > > root@sysresccd /root % flashrom -VV -p internal -c MX25L6405 -w > factory_giga1.bin.new.new > flashrom v0.9.8-r1888 on Linux 4.4.28-std490-amd64 (x86_64) > flashrom is free software, get the source code at http://www.flashrom.org > > flashrom was built with libpci 3.4.1, GCC 4.8.5, little endian > Command line (7 args): flashrom -VV -p internal -c MX25L6405 -w > factory_giga1.bin.new.new > Calibrating delay loop... OS timer resolution is 1 usecs, 1944M loops > per second, 10 myus = 10 us, 100 myus = 117 us, 1000 myus = 1021 us, > 10000 myus = 10021 us, 4 myus = 4 us, OK. > Initializing internal programmer > No coreboot table found. > Using Internal DMI decoder. > DMI string chassis-type: "Desktop" > DMI string system-manufacturer: "Gigabyte Technology Co., Ltd." > DMI string system-product-name: "To be filled by O.E.M." > DMI string system-version: "To be filled by O.E.M." > DMI string baseboard-manufacturer: "Gigabyte Technology Co., Ltd." > DMI string baseboard-product-name: "B75M-D3V" > DMI string baseboard-version: "To be filled by O.E.M." > Found ITE Super I/O, ID 0x8728 on port 0x2e > Found chipset "Intel B75" with PCI ID 8086:1e49. > Enabling flash write... Root Complex Register Block address = 0xfed1c000 > GCS = 0xc64: BIOS Interface Lock-Down: disabled, Boot BIOS Straps: 0x3 > (SPI) > Top Swap: enabled (A16(+) inverted) > 0xfff80000/0xffb80000 FWH IDSEL: 0x0 > 0xfff00000/0xffb00000 FWH IDSEL: 0x0 > 0xffe80000/0xffa80000 FWH IDSEL: 0x1 > 0xffe00000/0xffa00000 FWH IDSEL: 0x1 > 0xffd80000/0xff980000 FWH IDSEL: 0x2 > 0xffd00000/0xff900000 FWH IDSEL: 0x2 > 0xffc80000/0xff880000 FWH IDSEL: 0x3 > 0xffc00000/0xff800000 FWH IDSEL: 0x3 > 0xff700000/0xff300000 FWH IDSEL: 0x4 > 0xff600000/0xff200000 FWH IDSEL: 0x5 > 0xff500000/0xff100000 FWH IDSEL: 0x6 > 0xff400000/0xff000000 FWH IDSEL: 0x7 > 0xfff80000/0xffb80000 FWH decode enabled > 0xfff00000/0xffb00000 FWH decode enabled > 0xffe80000/0xffa80000 FWH decode enabled > 0xffe00000/0xffa00000 FWH decode enabled > 0xffd80000/0xff980000 FWH decode enabled > 0xffd00000/0xff900000 FWH decode enabled > 0xffc80000/0xff880000 FWH decode enabled > 0xffc00000/0xff800000 FWH decode enabled > 0xff700000/0xff300000 FWH decode enabled > 0xff600000/0xff200000 FWH decode enabled > 0xff500000/0xff100000 FWH decode enabled > 0xff400000/0xff000000 FWH decode enabled > Maximum FWH chip size: 0x100000 bytes > SPI Read Configuration: prefetching enabled, caching enabled, > BIOS_CNTL = 0x09: BIOS Lock Enable: disabled, BIOS Write Enable: enabled > SPIBAR = 0xf7795000 + 0x3800 > 0x04: 0xe008 (HSFS) > HSFS: FDONE=0, FCERR=0, AEL=0, BERASE=1, SCIP=0, FDOPSS=1, FDV=1, FLOCKDN=1 > Warning: SPI Configuration Lockdown activated. > Reading OPCODES... done > OP Type Pre-OP > op[0]: 0x02, write w/ addr, none > op[1]: 0x03, read w/ addr, none > op[2]: 0x20, write w/ addr, none > op[3]: 0x05, read w/o addr, none > op[4]: 0x9f, read w/o addr, none > op[5]: 0x01, write w/o addr, none > op[6]: 0x00, read w/o addr, none > op[7]: 0x00, read w/o addr, none > Pre-OP 0: 0x06, Pre-OP 1: 0x00 > 0x06: 0x0000 (HSFC) > HSFC: FGO=0, FCYCLE=0, FDBC=0, SME=0 > 0x08: 0x00000000 (FADDR) > 0x50: 0x0000ffff (FRAP) > BMWAG 0x00, BMRAG 0x00, BRWA 0xff, BRRA 0xff > 0x54: 0x00000000 FREG0: Flash Descriptor region > (0x00000000-0x00000fff) is read-write. > 0x58: 0x07ff0000 FREG1: BIOS region (0x00000000-0x007fffff) is read-write. > 0x5C: 0x04ff0001 FREG2: Management Engine region > (0x00001000-0x004fffff) is read-write. > 0x60: 0x00001fff FREG3: Gigabit Ethernet region is unused. > 0x64: 0x00001fff FREG4: Platform Data region is unused. > 0x74: 0x00000000 (PR0 is unused) > 0x78: 0x00000000 (PR1 is unused) > 0x7C: 0x00000000 (PR2 is unused) > 0x80: 0x00000000 (PR3 is unused) > 0x84: 0x00000000 (PR4 is unused) > 0x90: 0x84 (SSFS) > SSFS: SCIP=0, FDONE=1, FCERR=0, AEL=0 > 0x91: 0xf94240 (SSFC) > SSFC: SCGO=0, ACS=0, SPOP=0, COP=4, DBC=2, SME=0, SCF=1 > 0x94: 0x0006 (PREOP) > 0x96: 0x043b (OPTYPE) > 0x98: 0x05200302 (OPMENU) > 0x9C: 0x0000019f (OPMENU+4) > 0xA0: 0x00000000 (BBAR) > 0xC4: 0x00802005 (LVSCC) > LVSCC: BES=0x1, WG=1, WSR=0, WEWS=0, EO=0x20, VCL=1 > 0xC8: 0x00002005 (UVSCC) > UVSCC: BES=0x1, WG=1, WSR=0, WEWS=0, EO=0x20 > 0xD0: 0x00000000 (FPB) > Reading flash descriptors mapped by the chipset via FDOC/FDOD... done. > === Content Section === > FLVALSIG 0x0ff0a55a > FLMAP0 0x02040003 > FLMAP1 0x12100206 > FLMAP2 0x00210120 > > --- Details --- > NR (Number of Regions): 3 > FRBA (Flash Region Base Address): 0x040 > NC (Number of Components): 1 > FCBA (Flash Component Base Address): 0x030 > ISL (ICH/PCH Strap Length): 18 > FISBA/FPSBA (Flash ICH/PCH Strap Base Address): 0x100 > NM (Number of Masters): 3 > FMBA (Flash Master Base Address): 0x060 > MSL/PSL (MCH/PROC Strap Length): 1 > FMSBA (Flash MCH/PROC Strap Base Address): 0x200 > > === Component Section === > FLCOMP 0x09300024 > FLILL 0x00000000 > > --- Details --- > Component 1 density: 8 MB > Component 2 is not used. > Read Clock Frequency: 20 MHz > Read ID and Status Clock Freq.: 33 MHz > Write and Erase Clock Freq.: 33 MHz > Fast Read is supported. > Fast Read Clock Frequency: 33 MHz > Dual Output Fast Read Support: enabled > No forbidden opcodes. > > === Region Section === > FLREG0 0x00000000 > FLREG1 0x07ff0000 > FLREG2 0x04ff0001 > FLREG3 0x00001fff > FLREG4 0x00001fff > > --- Details --- > Region 0 (Descr.) 0x00000000 - 0x00000fff > Region 1 (BIOS ) 0x00000000 - 0x007fffff > Region 2 (ME ) 0x00001000 - 0x004fffff > Region 3 (GbE ) is unused. > Region 4 (Platf.) is unused. > > === Master Section === > FLMSTR1 0xffff0000 > FLMSTR2 0xffff0000 > FLMSTR3 0xffff0118 > > --- Details --- > Descr. BIOS ME GbE Platf. > BIOS rw rw rw rw rw > ME rw rw rw rw rw > GbE rw rw rw rw rw > > OK. > No IT87* serial flash segment enabled. > The following protocols are supported: FWH, SPI. > Probing for Macronix MX25L6405, 8192 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 > 0xc2, id2 0x2017 > Found Macronix flash chip "MX25L6405" (8192 kB, SPI) mapped at > physical address 0xff800000. > Chip status register is 0x00. > Chip status register: Status Register Write Disable (SRWD, SRP, ...) is > not set > Chip status register: Bit 6 is not set > Chip status register: Block Protect 3 (BP3) is not set > Chip status register: Block Protect 2 (BP2) is not set > Chip status register: Block Protect 1 (BP1) is not set > Chip status register: Block Protect 0 (BP0) is not set > Chip status register: Write Enable Latch (WEL) is not set > Chip status register: Write In Progress (WIP/BUSY) is not set > Block protection is disabled. > Flash image seems to be a legacy BIOS. Disabling coreboot-related checks. > Reading old flash chip contents... done. > Erasing and writing flash chip... Trying erase function 0... > 0x000000-0x00ffff:EFAILED at 0x00001000! Expected=0xff, Found=0x20, > failed byte count from 0x00000000-0x0000ffff: 0xb55d > ERASE FAILED! > Reading current flash chip contents... done. Looking for another erase > function. > Trying erase function 1... 0x000000-0x00ffff:EInvalid OPCODE 0x06, > will not execute. > spi_block_erase_d8 failed during command execution at address 0x0 > Reading current flash chip contents... done. Looking for another erase > function. > Trying erase function 2... 0x000000-0x7fffff:EInvalid OPCODE 0x06, > will not execute. > spi_chip_erase_60 failed during command execution > Reading current flash chip contents... done. Looking for another erase > function. > Trying erase function 3... 0x000000-0x7fffff:EInvalid OPCODE 0x06, > will not execute. > spi_chip_erase_c7 failed during command execution > Looking for another erase function. > No usable erase functions left. > FAILED! > Uh oh. Erase/write failed. Checking if anything has changed. > Reading current flash chip contents... done. > Apparently at least some data has changed. > Your flash chip is in an unknown state. > Get help on IRC at chat.freenode.net (channel #flashrom) or > mail flashrom(a)flashrom.org with the subject "FAILED: <your board name>"! > ------------------------------------------------------------ > ------------------- > DO NOT REBOOT OR POWEROFF! > Restoring MMIO space at 0xf77988a0 > Restoring PCI config space for 00:1f:0 reg 0xdc > > > -- > GNU powered it... > GPL protect it... > God blessing it... > > regards > Shawn > > _______________________________________________ > flashrom mailing list > flashrom(a)flashrom.org > https://www.flashrom.org/mailman/listinfo/flashrom >

1 0

FAILED: GA-B75M-D3V
by Shawn 20 Dec '16

20 Dec '16

Hi flashrom maintainers, I failed to write a modified ROM to the flash via internal. Maybe this chipset can only be writable via external programmer? root@sysresccd /root % flashrom -p internal flashrom v0.9.8-r1888 on Linux 4.4.28-std490-amd64 (x86_64) flashrom is free software, get the source code at http://www.flashrom.org Calibrating delay loop... OK. Found chipset "Intel B75". Enabling flash write... Warning: SPI Configuration Lockdown activated. OK. Found Macronix flash chip "MX25L6405" (8192 kB, SPI) mapped at physical address 0xff800000. Found Macronix flash chip "MX25L6405D" (8192 kB, SPI) mapped at physical address 0xff800000. Found Macronix flash chip "MX25L6406E/MX25L6408E" (8192 kB, SPI) mapped at physical address 0xff800000. Found Macronix flash chip "MX25L6436E/MX25L6445E/MX25L6465E/MX25L6473E" (8192 kB, SPI) mapped at physical address 0xff800000. Multiple flash chip definitions match the detected chip(s): "MX25L6405", "MX25L6405D", "MX25L6406E/MX25L6408E", "MX25L6436E/MX25L6445E/MX25L6465E/MX25L6473E" Please specify which chip definition to use with the -c <chipname> option. root@sysresccd /root % flashrom -VV -p internal -c MX25L6405 -w factory_giga1.bin.new.new flashrom v0.9.8-r1888 on Linux 4.4.28-std490-amd64 (x86_64) flashrom is free software, get the source code at http://www.flashrom.org flashrom was built with libpci 3.4.1, GCC 4.8.5, little endian Command line (7 args): flashrom -VV -p internal -c MX25L6405 -w factory_giga1.bin.new.new Calibrating delay loop... OS timer resolution is 1 usecs, 1944M loops per second, 10 myus = 10 us, 100 myus = 117 us, 1000 myus = 1021 us, 10000 myus = 10021 us, 4 myus = 4 us, OK. Initializing internal programmer No coreboot table found. Using Internal DMI decoder. DMI string chassis-type: "Desktop" DMI string system-manufacturer: "Gigabyte Technology Co., Ltd." DMI string system-product-name: "To be filled by O.E.M." DMI string system-version: "To be filled by O.E.M." DMI string baseboard-manufacturer: "Gigabyte Technology Co., Ltd." DMI string baseboard-product-name: "B75M-D3V" DMI string baseboard-version: "To be filled by O.E.M." Found ITE Super I/O, ID 0x8728 on port 0x2e Found chipset "Intel B75" with PCI ID 8086:1e49. Enabling flash write... Root Complex Register Block address = 0xfed1c000 GCS = 0xc64: BIOS Interface Lock-Down: disabled, Boot BIOS Straps: 0x3 (SPI) Top Swap: enabled (A16(+) inverted) 0xfff80000/0xffb80000 FWH IDSEL: 0x0 0xfff00000/0xffb00000 FWH IDSEL: 0x0 0xffe80000/0xffa80000 FWH IDSEL: 0x1 0xffe00000/0xffa00000 FWH IDSEL: 0x1 0xffd80000/0xff980000 FWH IDSEL: 0x2 0xffd00000/0xff900000 FWH IDSEL: 0x2 0xffc80000/0xff880000 FWH IDSEL: 0x3 0xffc00000/0xff800000 FWH IDSEL: 0x3 0xff700000/0xff300000 FWH IDSEL: 0x4 0xff600000/0xff200000 FWH IDSEL: 0x5 0xff500000/0xff100000 FWH IDSEL: 0x6 0xff400000/0xff000000 FWH IDSEL: 0x7 0xfff80000/0xffb80000 FWH decode enabled 0xfff00000/0xffb00000 FWH decode enabled 0xffe80000/0xffa80000 FWH decode enabled 0xffe00000/0xffa00000 FWH decode enabled 0xffd80000/0xff980000 FWH decode enabled 0xffd00000/0xff900000 FWH decode enabled 0xffc80000/0xff880000 FWH decode enabled 0xffc00000/0xff800000 FWH decode enabled 0xff700000/0xff300000 FWH decode enabled 0xff600000/0xff200000 FWH decode enabled 0xff500000/0xff100000 FWH decode enabled 0xff400000/0xff000000 FWH decode enabled Maximum FWH chip size: 0x100000 bytes SPI Read Configuration: prefetching enabled, caching enabled, BIOS_CNTL = 0x09: BIOS Lock Enable: disabled, BIOS Write Enable: enabled SPIBAR = 0xf7795000 + 0x3800 0x04: 0xe008 (HSFS) HSFS: FDONE=0, FCERR=0, AEL=0, BERASE=1, SCIP=0, FDOPSS=1, FDV=1, FLOCKDN=1 Warning: SPI Configuration Lockdown activated. Reading OPCODES... done OP Type Pre-OP op[0]: 0x02, write w/ addr, none op[1]: 0x03, read w/ addr, none op[2]: 0x20, write w/ addr, none op[3]: 0x05, read w/o addr, none op[4]: 0x9f, read w/o addr, none op[5]: 0x01, write w/o addr, none op[6]: 0x00, read w/o addr, none op[7]: 0x00, read w/o addr, none Pre-OP 0: 0x06, Pre-OP 1: 0x00 0x06: 0x0000 (HSFC) HSFC: FGO=0, FCYCLE=0, FDBC=0, SME=0 0x08: 0x00000000 (FADDR) 0x50: 0x0000ffff (FRAP) BMWAG 0x00, BMRAG 0x00, BRWA 0xff, BRRA 0xff 0x54: 0x00000000 FREG0: Flash Descriptor region (0x00000000-0x00000fff) is read-write. 0x58: 0x07ff0000 FREG1: BIOS region (0x00000000-0x007fffff) is read-write. 0x5C: 0x04ff0001 FREG2: Management Engine region (0x00001000-0x004fffff) is read-write. 0x60: 0x00001fff FREG3: Gigabit Ethernet region is unused. 0x64: 0x00001fff FREG4: Platform Data region is unused. 0x74: 0x00000000 (PR0 is unused) 0x78: 0x00000000 (PR1 is unused) 0x7C: 0x00000000 (PR2 is unused) 0x80: 0x00000000 (PR3 is unused) 0x84: 0x00000000 (PR4 is unused) 0x90: 0x84 (SSFS) SSFS: SCIP=0, FDONE=1, FCERR=0, AEL=0 0x91: 0xf94240 (SSFC) SSFC: SCGO=0, ACS=0, SPOP=0, COP=4, DBC=2, SME=0, SCF=1 0x94: 0x0006 (PREOP) 0x96: 0x043b (OPTYPE) 0x98: 0x05200302 (OPMENU) 0x9C: 0x0000019f (OPMENU+4) 0xA0: 0x00000000 (BBAR) 0xC4: 0x00802005 (LVSCC) LVSCC: BES=0x1, WG=1, WSR=0, WEWS=0, EO=0x20, VCL=1 0xC8: 0x00002005 (UVSCC) UVSCC: BES=0x1, WG=1, WSR=0, WEWS=0, EO=0x20 0xD0: 0x00000000 (FPB) Reading flash descriptors mapped by the chipset via FDOC/FDOD... done. === Content Section === FLVALSIG 0x0ff0a55a FLMAP0 0x02040003 FLMAP1 0x12100206 FLMAP2 0x00210120 --- Details --- NR (Number of Regions): 3 FRBA (Flash Region Base Address): 0x040 NC (Number of Components): 1 FCBA (Flash Component Base Address): 0x030 ISL (ICH/PCH Strap Length): 18 FISBA/FPSBA (Flash ICH/PCH Strap Base Address): 0x100 NM (Number of Masters): 3 FMBA (Flash Master Base Address): 0x060 MSL/PSL (MCH/PROC Strap Length): 1 FMSBA (Flash MCH/PROC Strap Base Address): 0x200 === Component Section === FLCOMP 0x09300024 FLILL 0x00000000 --- Details --- Component 1 density: 8 MB Component 2 is not used. Read Clock Frequency: 20 MHz Read ID and Status Clock Freq.: 33 MHz Write and Erase Clock Freq.: 33 MHz Fast Read is supported. Fast Read Clock Frequency: 33 MHz Dual Output Fast Read Support: enabled No forbidden opcodes. === Region Section === FLREG0 0x00000000 FLREG1 0x07ff0000 FLREG2 0x04ff0001 FLREG3 0x00001fff FLREG4 0x00001fff --- Details --- Region 0 (Descr.) 0x00000000 - 0x00000fff Region 1 (BIOS ) 0x00000000 - 0x007fffff Region 2 (ME ) 0x00001000 - 0x004fffff Region 3 (GbE ) is unused. Region 4 (Platf.) is unused. === Master Section === FLMSTR1 0xffff0000 FLMSTR2 0xffff0000 FLMSTR3 0xffff0118 --- Details --- Descr. BIOS ME GbE Platf. BIOS rw rw rw rw rw ME rw rw rw rw rw GbE rw rw rw rw rw OK. No IT87* serial flash segment enabled. The following protocols are supported: FWH, SPI. Probing for Macronix MX25L6405, 8192 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0xc2, id2 0x2017 Found Macronix flash chip "MX25L6405" (8192 kB, SPI) mapped at physical address 0xff800000. Chip status register is 0x00. Chip status register: Status Register Write Disable (SRWD, SRP, ...) is not set Chip status register: Bit 6 is not set Chip status register: Block Protect 3 (BP3) is not set Chip status register: Block Protect 2 (BP2) is not set Chip status register: Block Protect 1 (BP1) is not set Chip status register: Block Protect 0 (BP0) is not set Chip status register: Write Enable Latch (WEL) is not set Chip status register: Write In Progress (WIP/BUSY) is not set Block protection is disabled. Flash image seems to be a legacy BIOS. Disabling coreboot-related checks. Reading old flash chip contents... done. Erasing and writing flash chip... Trying erase function 0... 0x000000-0x00ffff:EFAILED at 0x00001000! Expected=0xff, Found=0x20, failed byte count from 0x00000000-0x0000ffff: 0xb55d ERASE FAILED! Reading current flash chip contents... done. Looking for another erase function. Trying erase function 1... 0x000000-0x00ffff:EInvalid OPCODE 0x06, will not execute. spi_block_erase_d8 failed during command execution at address 0x0 Reading current flash chip contents... done. Looking for another erase function. Trying erase function 2... 0x000000-0x7fffff:EInvalid OPCODE 0x06, will not execute. spi_chip_erase_60 failed during command execution Reading current flash chip contents... done. Looking for another erase function. Trying erase function 3... 0x000000-0x7fffff:EInvalid OPCODE 0x06, will not execute. spi_chip_erase_c7 failed during command execution Looking for another erase function. No usable erase functions left. FAILED! Uh oh. Erase/write failed. Checking if anything has changed. Reading current flash chip contents... done. Apparently at least some data has changed. Your flash chip is in an unknown state. Get help on IRC at chat.freenode.net (channel #flashrom) or mail flashrom(a)flashrom.org with the subject "FAILED: <your board name>"! ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- DO NOT REBOOT OR POWEROFF! Restoring MMIO space at 0xf77988a0 Restoring PCI config space for 00:1f:0 reg 0xdc -- GNU powered it... GPL protect it... God blessing it... regards Shawn

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W836xx:Notebook Acer E5-553G-17ZN: flashrom -V
by Martin Vyšohlíd 18 Dec '16

18 Dec '16

flashrom -V[VV] reports attached...

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W836xx: DG965SS: flashrom -V
by Frank Reischl 17 Dec '16

17 Dec '16

*Flash chip is Atmel 26DF081A, I'm finding that I can't read it in-circuit either, with a TL866A programmer and clip. flashrom v0.9.7-r1782 on Linux 3.16.0-4-586 (i686) flashrom is free software, get the source code at http://www.flashrom.org flashrom was built with libpci 3.2.1, GCC 4.8.2, little endian Command line (3 args): flashrom -p internal -V Calibrating delay loop... OS timer resolution is 1 usecs, 2386M loops per second, 10 myus = 10 us, 100 myus = 100 us, 1000 myus = 999 us, 10000 myus = 14067 us, 4 myus = 4 us, OK. Initializing internal programmer No coreboot table found. Using Internal DMI decoder. DMI string chassis-type: "Desktop" DMI string system-manufacturer: " " DMI string system-product-name: " " DMI string system-version: " " DMI string baseboard-manufacturer: "Intel Corporation" DMI string baseboard-product-name: "DG965SS" DMI string baseboard-version: "AAD41678-308" W836xx enter config mode worked or we were already in config mode. W836xx leave config mode had no effect. Active config mode, unknown reg 0x20 ID: f1. Please send the output of "flashrom -V" to flashrom(a)flashrom.org with W836xx: your board name: flashrom -V as the subject to help us finish support for your Super I/O. Thanks. Found chipset "Intel ICH8/ICH8R" with PCI ID 8086:2810. Enabling flash write... Root Complex Register Block address = 0xfed1c000 GCS = 0x400464: BIOS Interface Lock-Down: disabled, Boot BIOS Straps: 0x1 (SPI) Top Swap : not enabled 0xfff80000/0xffb80000 FWH IDSEL: 0x0 0xfff00000/0xffb00000 FWH IDSEL: 0x0 0xffe80000/0xffa80000 FWH IDSEL: 0x1 0xffe00000/0xffa00000 FWH IDSEL: 0x1 0xffd80000/0xff980000 FWH IDSEL: 0x2 0xffd00000/0xff900000 FWH IDSEL: 0x2 0xffc80000/0xff880000 FWH IDSEL: 0x3 0xffc00000/0xff800000 FWH IDSEL: 0x3 0xff700000/0xff300000 FWH IDSEL: 0x4 0xff600000/0xff200000 FWH IDSEL: 0x5 0xff500000/0xff100000 FWH IDSEL: 0x6 0xff400000/0xff000000 FWH IDSEL: 0x7 0xfff80000/0xffb80000 FWH decode enabled 0xfff00000/0xffb00000 FWH decode enabled 0xffe80000/0xffa80000 FWH decode disabled 0xffe00000/0xffa00000 FWH decode disabled 0xffd80000/0xff980000 FWH decode disabled 0xffd00000/0xff900000 FWH decode disabled 0xffc80000/0xff880000 FWH decode disabled 0xffc00000/0xff800000 FWH decode disabled 0xff700000/0xff300000 FWH decode disabled 0xff600000/0xff200000 FWH decode disabled 0xff500000/0xff100000 FWH decode disabled 0xff400000/0xff000000 FWH decode disabled Maximum FWH chip size: 0x100000 bytesSPI Read Configuration: prefetching disabled, caching enabled, BIOS_CNTL = 0x02: BIOS Lock Enable: enabled, BIOS Write Enable: disabled Warning: Setting Bios Control at 0xdc from 0x02 to 0x01 failed. New value is 0x02. SPIBAR = 0xb77be000 + 0x3020 0x04: 0xe008 (HSFS) HSFS: FDONE=0, FCERR=0, AEL=0, BERASE=1, SCIP=0, FDOPSS=1, FDV=1, FLOCKDN=1 Warning: SPI Configuration Lockdown activated. Reading OPCODES... done 0x06: 0x3f00 (HSFC) HSFC: FGO=0, FCYCLE=0, FDBC=63, SME=0 0x50: 0x00000a0b (FRAP) BMWAG 0x00, BMRAG 0x00, BRWA 0x0a, BRRA 0x0b 0x54: 0x00000000 FREG0: Warning: Flash Descriptor region (0x00000000-0x00000fff) is read-only. 0x58: 0x00ff0035 FREG1: BIOS region (0x00035000-0x000fffff) is read-write. 0x5C: 0x00340003 FREG2: Warning: Management Engine region (0x00003000-0x00034fff) is locked. 0x60: 0x00020001 FREG3: Gigabit Ethernet region (0x00001000-0x00002fff) is read-write. Not all flash regions are freely accessible by flashrom. This is most likely due to an active ME. Please see http://flashrom.org/ME for details. Writes have been disabled for safety reasons. You can enforce write support with the ich_spi_force programmer option, but you will most likely harm your hardware! If you force flashrom you will get no support if something breaks. On a few mainboards it is possible to enable write access by setting a jumper (see its documentation or the board itself). 0x90: 0x00 (SSFS) SSFS: SCIP=0, FDONE=0, FCERR=0, AEL=0 0x91: 0x004024 (SSFC) SSFC: SCGO=0, ACS=1, SPOP=0, COP=2, DBC=0, SME=0, SCF=0 0x94: 0x0000 (PREOP) 0x96: 0x0008 (OPTYPE) 0x98: 0x0000ab9f (OPMENU) 0x9C: 0x00000000 (OPMENU+4) 0xC1: 0xffffffff (VSCC) VSCC: BES=0x3, WG=1, WSR=1, WEWS=1, EO=0xff, VCL=1 Enabling hardware sequencing because some important opcode is locked. PROBLEMS, continuing anyway The following protocols are supported: FWH, Programmer-specific. Probing for Programmer Opaque flash chip, 0 kB: Found 1 attached SPI flash chip with a density of 1024 kB. There is only one partition containing the whole address space (0x000000 - 0x0fffff). There are 256 erase blocks with 4096 B each. Found Programmer flash chip "Opaque flash chip" (1024 kB, Programmer-specific) at physical address 0x0. Probing for Atmel AT49LH002, 256 kB: probe_82802ab: id1 0x77, id2 0x8e, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for Intel 82802AB, 512 kB: probe_82802ab: id1 0x14, id2 0xa0, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for Intel 82802AC, 1024 kB: probe_82802ab: id1 0xff, id2 0xff, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for PMC Pm49FL002, 256 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0x77, id2 0x8e, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for PMC Pm49FL004, 512 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0x14, id2 0xa0, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for Sharp LHF00L04, 1024 kB: probe_82802ab: id1 0xff, id2 0xff, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for SST SST49LF002A/B, 256 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0x77, id2 0x8e, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for SST SST49LF003A/B, 384 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0x60, id2 0x7c, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for SST SST49LF004A/B, 512 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0x14, id2 0xa0, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for SST SST49LF004C, 512 kB: probe_82802ab: id1 0x14, id2 0xa0, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for SST SST49LF008A, 1024 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xff, id2 0xff, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for SST SST49LF008C, 1024 kB: probe_82802ab: id1 0xff, id2 0xff, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for SST SST49LF016C, 2048 kB: Chip size 2048 kB is bigger than supported size 1024 kB of chipset/board/programmer for FWH interface, probe/read/erase/write may fail. probe_82802ab: id1 0xff, id2 0xff, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for ST M50FLW040A, 512 kB: probe_82802ab: id1 0x14, id2 0xa0, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for ST M50FLW040B, 512 kB: probe_82802ab: id1 0x14, id2 0xa0, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for ST M50FLW080A, 1024 kB: probe_82802ab: id1 0xff, id2 0xff, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for ST M50FLW080B, 1024 kB: probe_82802ab: id1 0xff, id2 0xff, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for ST M50FW002, 256 kB: probe_82802ab: id1 0x77, id2 0x8e, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for ST M50FW016, 2048 kB: Chip size 2048 kB is bigger than supported size 1024 kB of chipset/board/programmer for FWH interface, probe/read/erase/write may fail. probe_82802ab: id1 0xff, id2 0xff, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for ST M50FW040, 512 kB: probe_82802ab: id1 0x14, id2 0xa0, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for ST M50FW080, 1024 kB: probe_82802ab: id1 0xff, id2 0xff, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for Winbond W39V040FA, 512 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0x14, id2 0xa0, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for Winbond W39V040FB, 512 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0x14, id2 0xa0, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for Winbond W39V040FC, 512 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0x14, id2 0xa0, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for Winbond W49V002FA, 256 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0x77, id2 0x8e, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for Winbond W39V080FA, 1024 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xff, id2 0xff, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for Winbond W39V080FA (dual mode), 512 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0x14, id2 0xa0, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Found Programmer flash chip "Opaque flash chip" (1024 kB, Programmer-specific). No operations were specified. Restoring PCI config space for 00:1f:0 reg 0xdc

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New SPI NAND Flash product Support
by Victor Lim 14 Dec '16

14 Dec '16

Hi, Hatim, How are you doing? I would like to ask for your help to include the following Gigadevice SPI NAND into the FlashRom support. These are the part #s, GD25F1GQ4UCYIG GD25F2GQ4UCYIG GD25F4GQ4UCYIG GD25F1GQ4RCYIG GD25F2GQ4RCYIG GD25F4GQ4RCYIG GD25F1GQ4UBYIG GD25F2GQ4UBYIG GD25F4GQ4UBYIG GD25F1GQ4RBYIG GD25F2GQ4RBYIG GD25F4GQ4RBYIG This is the link to the datasheet. http://www.gigadevice.com/product-series/7.html?locale=en_US Thanks, Victor Lim (Gigadevice/MK IV/FAE Manager) Gigadevice Semiconductor Inc. Tel: 408-855-8336 Mobile: 408-883-3856 Website: http://us.gigadevice.com This email was sent to you by GigaDevice, A Global Innovative Memory Architect The information contained in this e-mail message (and any attachment transmitted herewith) is privileged and confidential and is intended for the exclusive use of the addressee(s). If you are not an intended addressee, any disclosure, reproduction, distribution or other dissemination or use of this communication is strictly prohibited. If you have received this communication in error, please delete this communication and contact us by replying to this e-mail immediately. -----Original Message----- From: Hatim Kanchwala [mailto:hatim@hatimak.me] Sent: Friday, March 25, 2016 1:27 PM To: Victor Lim <vlim(a)gigadevice.com> Cc: flashrom(a)flashrom.org; ksong(a)gigadevice.com Subject: Re: [flashrom] New SPI NOR Flash product Support Hello Victor, I am doing fine, thanks :) The following chips have been tested successfully - GD25D05B/10B, GD25LQ10B/20B/40B/80B, GD25Q21B/41B and GD25VQ41B (reported by David Hendrix). Test logs for the first 8 of these chips can be found here - https://www.flashrom.org/pipermail/flashrom/2016-March/014537.html. The patches for all these chips and additionally GD25Q80C/16C have been sent and are waiting for further review. I have ordered some IC clips, so I will test the remaining chips as soon as those arrive. Unfortunately, one of the chips you explicitly requested support for, GD25Q128C was not included in the samples so was not tested. But support for it has already been added ;) Apologies for the late reply. :) On Tuesday 22 March 2016 01:20 AM, Victor Lim wrote: > Hi, Hatim, > > How are you doing? Hope all the sample test results are good. > Can you please update the status so that I can ask customer to try out. > > Regards, > > Victor > > > > -----Original Message----- > From: Hatim Kanchwala [mailto:hatim@hatimak.me] > Sent: Wednesday, February 24, 2016 9:02 AM > To: Victor Lim <vlim(a)gigadevice.com> > Cc: flashrom(a)flashrom.org; ksong(a)gigadevice.com > Subject: Re: [flashrom] New SPI NOR Flash product Support > > Hello Victor, > > Support for two chips you requested was added some time ago in r1937 > (look here https://tracker.coreboot.org/trac/flashrom/changeset/1937). > I am waiting for samples to perform tests. FedEx was in touch > regarding documents for customs clearance, so delivery should be in a > day or two. In the meanwhile I am working on support for other > GigaDevice chips (http://www.gigadevice.com/product-series/12.html). > > On Wednesday 24 February 2016 04:47 AM, Victor Lim wrote: >> Hi, Hatim, >> >> How is the new program to include these two part #? >> I have sent the samples to you, but they are held up at the Fedex >> facility at New Delhi. >> Can you please give Fedex the instruction for delivery? >> The tracking # is 806824856677 >> >> Regards, >> >> Victor >> >> >> >> >> -----Original Message----- >> From: Victor Lim [mailto:vlim@gigadevice.com] >> Sent: Tuesday, February 9, 2016 3:02 PM >> To: 'Hatim Kanchwala' <hatim(a)hatimak.me> >> Cc: 'flashrom(a)flashrom.org' <flashrom(a)flashrom.org> >> Subject: RE: [flashrom] New SPI NOR Flash product Support >> >> Thanks, Hatim, >> >> Please help me on these two part #s, datasheets are attached. >> 1) GD25VQ41B >> 2) GD25Q128C >> >> Can you provide the ship to address, I will send you same samples. >> What package type do you prefer? >> >> Regards, >> >> Victor >> >> >> >> -----Original Message----- >> From: Hatim Kanchwala [mailto:hatim@hatimak.me] >> Sent: Tuesday, February 9, 2016 12:27 PM >> To: Victor Lim <vlim(a)gigadevice.com> >> Cc: flashrom(a)flashrom.org >> Subject: Re: [flashrom] New SPI NOR Flash product Support >> >> Hello Victor, >> >> I have recently started looking at flashrom and have contributed by >> adding a few SPI flashchip definitions. I would be glad to add >> support for the SPI chips. Usually datasheets are sufficient for >> adding flashchip support (as long as datasheets convey full >> information on functionality). However, the chips remain untested. I >> would be glad to test them as well if you are willing to provide >> samples (I am at a University, so I have access to a lab with equipment for testing). >> >> On Wednesday 10 February 2016 12:18 AM, Victor Lim wrote: >>> Hi, Flashrom team, >>> >>> >>> >>> I am the FAE manager for Gigadevice and would like to know how I can >>> work >> with you to add our part # to your support list. >>> >>> A customer of mine is looking to program our GD25VQ41B with your >>> tool and >> found that it is not supported by your tools. >>> >>> It would like grateful if you can support our entire SPI NOR portfolio. >>> >>> >>> >>> Regards, >>> >>> >>> >>> Victor Lim(Gigadevice/MK IV/FAE Manager) >>> >>> >>> >>> Gigadevice Semiconductor Inc. >>> >>> Tel: 408-855-8336 >>> Mobile: 408-883-3856 >>> >>> Website: www.gigadevice.com <http://www.gigadevice.com/> >>> >>> 2975 Bowers Ave,Suite 323 >>> >>> Santa Clara, CA 95051, USA >>> >>> >>> >>> This email was sent to you by GigaDevice, A Global Innovative Memory >> Architect >>> >>> >> --------------------------------------------------------------------- >> - >> ------ >> --------------------------------------------------------------------- >> - >> ------ >> --------------------------------------------------------------------- >> - >> ------ >> --------------------------------------------------------------------- >> - >> ------ >> --------------------------------------------------------------------- >> - >> ------ >> --------------------------------------------------------------------- >> - >> ------ >> --------------------------------------------------------------------- >> - >> ------ >> --------------------------------------------------------------------- >> - >> ------ >> --------------------------------------------------------------------- >> - >> ------ >> --------------------------------------------------------------------- >> - >> ------ >> --------------------------------------------------------------------- >> - >> ------ >> --------------------------------------------------------------------- >> - >> ------ >> --------------------------------------------------------------------- >> - >> ------ >> -- >>> >>> The information contained in this e-mail message (and any attachment >> transmitted herewith) is privileged and confidential and is intended >> for the exclusive use of the addressee(s). If you are not an intended >> addressee, any disclosure, reproduction, distribution or other >> dissemination or use of this communication is strictly prohibited. If >> you have received this communication in error, please delete this >> communication and contact us by replying to this e-mail immediately. >>> >>> >>> >>> >>> >>> _______________________________________________ >>> flashrom mailing list >>> flashrom(a)flashrom.org >>> http://www.flashrom.org/mailman/listinfo/flashrom >>> >> > > -- > Kind Regards, > Hatim Kanchwala > http://hatimak.me > B. Tech. Electrical Engineering > Indian Institute of Technology Patna > > -- Kind Regards, Hatim Kanchwala http://hatimak.me B. Tech. Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Patna

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Dump BIOS from an unsupported device
by Antonio 14 Dec '16

14 Dec '16

Hello everyone! I would like to get a BIOS dump from my tablet for analysis purposes. I read that laptops are not supported by Flashrom, so tablets should be even less so. However I can't seem to understand if this limitation only applies to writing or reading as well. Could anybody shed some light? Could I use the following without bricking my device? flashrom -p internal -r backup.bin I'm ok if it crashes, just don't want to brick the tablet. For further reference it's a BayTrail tablet with an Insyde UEFI BIOS Many thanks in advance!

2 1

osx install
by Nik Tele 10 Dec '16

10 Dec '16

Hello can i get help to install 0.9.9 on osx 10.10.5? i have now flashrom v0.9.8-r1888 on Darwin 14.5.0 (x86_64) that don`t support ch341a. thx

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FOSDEM 2017
by Carl-Daniel Hailfinger 10 Dec '16

10 Dec '16

Hi, FOSDEM 2017 deadlines are soon. Do we want to have a full developer room, a talk or just a stand? Unfortunately I won't be able to attend, so someone else will have to be the formal contact for organizing our stand/devroom/talk. I will help with submitting proposals if this is desired by the person organizing our stand/devroom/... Who is willing to take care of our FOSDEM 2017 presence? https://fosdem.org/2017/news/2016-07-20-call-for-participation/ Deadlines: Developer Rooms: 9 September Main Track Talks: 10 October Stands: 31 October Lightning talks: 25 November Regards, Carl-Daniel

2 1

Flash EFI ROM on MAC with default ROM?
by mr dude 08 Dec '16

08 Dec '16

Hello, I found out about Flashrom after researching the Mac EFI exploit. I have several reasons to suspect that my machine (early 2013 macbook pro) is compromised at the EFI level. I am reaching out to you for help because this article from Ars Technica (link below) mentions Flashrom: "The flash is unlocked and now you can use flashrom to update its contents from userland, including EFI binaries," Friday's blog post stated, referring to the freely available utility for reading, writing, erasing, and verifying firmware contained in flash chips. "It means Thunderstrike like rootkit strictly from userland." Here's the links about the exploit and how to fix it (according to the guy who found it): https://reverse.put.as/2015/05/29/the-empire-strikes-back-apple-how-your -mac-firmware-security-is-completely-broken/ https://reverse.put.as/2015/07/01/reversing-prince-harmings-kiss-of-deat h/ "Both chips use SPI, meaning that a SPI reader/writer such as the one introduced by Trammell Hudson can be used to read and write its contents. This is the best and safest way to do it and you should definitely get or build one if you plan to do EFI research." https://trmm.net/SPI This article (http://arstechnica.com/security/2015/06/new-remote-exploit-leaves-most- macs-vulnerable-to-permanent-backdooring/) links also to OSX verification software: https://github.com/osresearch/rwmem But I already ran this tool https://01.org/linux-uefi-validation And the results had "405 fails" I don't want to verify, I just want a clean EFI ROM. Is this possible using Flashrom? I have been unable to find any tutorials online, only videos that involve custom hardware connected to the chip to unlock the EFI password. Please help or advise in any way, thank you Frank _______________________________________________________________ Get the Free email that has everyone talking at <a href=http://www.mail2world.com target=new>http://www.mail2world.com</a> Unlimited Email Storage POP3 Calendar SMS Translator Much More!

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looking to flash a chromebook w/o developer mode
by Sean Felipe Wolfe 08 Dec '16

08 Dec '16

Hey everybody, I'm a developer sponsoring a local high school computer club. We've got chromebooks from the school system, and we are using crouton to install ubuntu side by side, thereby having a pretty robust little platform for light Python programming. HOWever, due to some school bureaucracy, many of the laptops are restricted from entering developer mode. This apparently is configured by the administrators who are several campuses removed, and attempts to have them relax the dependency on the club's laptops have not been successful. So far the security seems pretty robust -- we replaced SSDs and pulled the write-protect screw, then reinstalled chromeos, but after a clean install and enabling developer mode, the 'developer mode has been restricted' screen comes up and we reboot into normal chromeos. So ... I am looking for options. Based on my reading on the coreboot site, I believe it is technically possible to use an external programmer such as a Bus Pirate to reprogram the BIOS and overwrite the restriction area. I'd like to learn more about what's involved -- sounds plenty interesting. Thanks! -- A musician must make music, an artist must paint, a poet must write, if he is to be ultimately at peace with himself. - Abraham Maslow

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