- flashrom - mail.coreboot.org

Aspire One
by scrooyahoo＠riseup.net 06 Aug '16

06 Aug '16

Hi, In the Laptop table the Aspire one is listed as BAD But as there are so many different aspire one models i wonder if ALL Aspire one models are BAD In my case i have the ZG5 model also known as AOA110 (512MB) and AOA150 (1GB) These models have Winbond W25x80 EEPROMS (these are listed as supported, all OK I wonder what's the safest way to try? Also the link regarding the Aspire One in the Laptop table points to the coreboot mailing list, but in the entire post there is NO mention of the aspire one. Eventually i could de-solder the chip and try to flash it in an external programmer. I have 3 of these Acers that could use a fresh BIOS. (hopefully the latest one allows to boot from SD) Most Aspire One netbooks have BIOS issues and having a tool that doesn't require Microsoft would be very welcome. In software there is a mention of SST2400 and there is no mention of Winbond, but on the mainboard there is a Winbond 25x80 chip. Best, Wilfried

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Re: [flashrom] Broadwell-DE SoC
by Wen Wang 05 Aug '16

05 Aug '16

I am able to update the BIOS region too using Nico's patches. Updating the entire flash is still an issue - timing out in ME region. Hopefully Intel could help address it. Many thanks to Nico and Ed! Wen -----Original Message----- From: Ed Swierk [mailto:eswierk@skyportsystems.com] Sent: Tuesday, August 2, 2016 7:22 PM To: Nico Huber <nico.h(a)gmx.de> Cc: Wen Wang <wen.wang(a)adiengineering.com>; flashrom(a)flashrom.org Subject: Re: [flashrom] Broadwell-DE SoC I flashed coreboot using an external programmer (RPi), and booted it. Now flashrom with Nico's patches works fine for reading, erasing and writing the BIOS region. Just need to specify the layout (-l) and image (-i), and verify only the region being updated (-A). When I switch back to the stock BIOS I'll grab more debug output to figure out the write protection issue. --Ed On Tue, Aug 2, 2016 at 2:10 PM, Nico Huber <nico.h(a)gmx.de> wrote: > Hi Ed, > > On 02.08.2016 21:34, Ed Swierk wrote: >> With Nico's patches, I am able to read the BIOS portion of the flash >> (0x08000000-0x10000000) on a Camelback Mountain board with the stock >> BIOS. > thanks for the report. > >> I haven't been able to write the BIOS portion of the flash, though, >> as it fails to erase the very first block. Despite the warning, the >> flash is left untouched. > Your log too seems incomplete (please send a full log with -o option), > I can't say if it's not just due to write protection. > >> [...] >> Warning: SPI Configuration Lockdown activated. > We are only allowed to use SPI commands specified below. > >> [...] >> 0x94: 0x5006 (PREOP) > Each byte in PREOP specfies an allowed pre command (0x06 prepares for > write). >> 0x96: 0x4ed0 (OPTYPE) >> 0x98: 0x0201009f (OPMENU) >> 0x9C: 0xc705d803 (OPMENU+4) > Each byte in OPMENU specifies an allowed SPI command. > >> [...] >> Erasing and writing flash chip... Trying erase function 0... >> 0x800000-0x800fff:EInvalid OPCODE 0x06, will not execute. >> spi_block_erase_20 failed during command execution at address >> 0x800000 > This is supposed to fail, as SPI command 0x20 is not allowed. > (It complains about 0x06 because that's always executed before 0x20). > >> Reading current flash chip contents... done. Looking for another erase function. >> Trying erase function 1... 0x800000-0x807fff:EInvalid OPCODE 0x06, >> will not execute. >> spi_block_erase_52 failed during command execution at address >> 0x800000 > 52 is not allowed too. > >> Reading current flash chip contents... done. Looking for another erase function. >> Trying erase function 2... 0x800000-0x80ffff:ETransaction error! >> SSFS: SCIP=0, FDONE=1, FCERR=1, AEL=0 >> SSFC: SCGO=0, ACS=1, SPOP=0, COP=5, DBC=0, SME=0, SCF=4 Running >> OPCODE 0xd8 failed at address 0x800000 (payload length was 0). >> spi_block_erase_d8 failed during command execution at address >> 0x800000 > d8 is allowed but fails, might be due to a write protection. > >> Reading current flash chip contents... done. Looking for another erase function. >> Trying erase function 3... 0x000000-0xffffff:RTransaction error! >> SSFS: SCIP=0, FDONE=1, FCERR=1, AEL=0 >> SSFC: SCGO=0, ACS=0, SPOP=0, COP=4, DBC=63, SME=0, SCF=4 Running >> OPCODE 0x03 failed at address 0x023000 (payload length was 64). > Here it tried to fall back to erasing the whole chip, which again > tries to read the ME region and fails. > >> Can't read! Aborting. >> FAILED! >> Uh oh. Erase/write failed. >> Your flash chip is in an unknown state. > The warning is correct IMHO, as flashrom really doesn't know the state. > > In any case you can also try the hardware sequencing mode of flashrom > (see flashrom's manpage). It let's the hardware choose the opcodes > based on the flash descriptor. > > Nico

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i found the supported laptop table
by scrooyahoo＠riseup.net 03 Aug '16

03 Aug '16

There is an aspire one listed as not suported, but it does not sat what exact type aspire one it is. I have the AOA110, also knowns as AOA150 with more RAM and ZG5. hwinfo told me that it uses an SST2400 chip. But that's as far as my skills get. I'll try FreeDOS route Best, Wilfried

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How do i know if it is safe to try this tool to flash a Aspire One AOA 110?
by scrooyahoo＠riseup.net 03 Aug '16

03 Aug '16

Dear flashrom crew, I downloaded the latest BIOS for aspire one AOA 110 In case it helps here are the links https://acer--uk.custhelp.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/6054/~/updating-the-b… http://www.acer.com/ac/en/US/content/drivers http://global-download.acer.com/GDFiles/BIOS/BIOS/BIOS_Acer_3310_A_AOA110%2… Looks like the .fd file is the binary. But how do i know if this will work? Just trying to save some hardware from the scrapheap. So the risk is low, but it would be a shame if i brick this thing. Kind regards, Wilfried

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Re: [flashrom] Broadwell-DE SoC
by Nico Huber 03 Aug '16

03 Aug '16

Hi Ed, On 02.08.2016 21:34, Ed Swierk wrote: > With Nico's patches, I am able to read the BIOS portion of the flash > (0x08000000-0x10000000) on a Camelback Mountain board with the stock > BIOS. thanks for the report. > I haven't been able to write the BIOS portion of the flash, though, as > it fails to erase the very first block. Despite the warning, the flash > is left untouched. Your log too seems incomplete (please send a full log with -o option), I can't say if it's not just due to write protection. > [...] > Warning: SPI Configuration Lockdown activated. We are only allowed to use SPI commands specified below. > [...] > 0x94: 0x5006 (PREOP) Each byte in PREOP specfies an allowed pre command (0x06 prepares for write). > 0x96: 0x4ed0 (OPTYPE) > 0x98: 0x0201009f (OPMENU) > 0x9C: 0xc705d803 (OPMENU+4) Each byte in OPMENU specifies an allowed SPI command. > [...] > Erasing and writing flash chip... Trying erase function 0... > 0x800000-0x800fff:EInvalid OPCODE 0x06, will not execute. > spi_block_erase_20 failed during command execution at address 0x800000 This is supposed to fail, as SPI command 0x20 is not allowed. (It complains about 0x06 because that's always executed before 0x20). > Reading current flash chip contents... done. Looking for another erase function. > Trying erase function 1... 0x800000-0x807fff:EInvalid OPCODE 0x06, > will not execute. > spi_block_erase_52 failed during command execution at address 0x800000 52 is not allowed too. > Reading current flash chip contents... done. Looking for another erase function. > Trying erase function 2... 0x800000-0x80ffff:ETransaction error! > SSFS: SCIP=0, FDONE=1, FCERR=1, AEL=0 > SSFC: SCGO=0, ACS=1, SPOP=0, COP=5, DBC=0, SME=0, SCF=4 > Running OPCODE 0xd8 failed at address 0x800000 (payload length was 0). > spi_block_erase_d8 failed during command execution at address 0x800000 d8 is allowed but fails, might be due to a write protection. > Reading current flash chip contents... done. Looking for another erase function. > Trying erase function 3... 0x000000-0xffffff:RTransaction error! > SSFS: SCIP=0, FDONE=1, FCERR=1, AEL=0 > SSFC: SCGO=0, ACS=0, SPOP=0, COP=4, DBC=63, SME=0, SCF=4 > Running OPCODE 0x03 failed at address 0x023000 (payload length was 64). Here it tried to fall back to erasing the whole chip, which again tries to read the ME region and fails. > Can't read! Aborting. > FAILED! > Uh oh. Erase/write failed. > Your flash chip is in an unknown state. The warning is correct IMHO, as flashrom really doesn't know the state. In any case you can also try the hardware sequencing mode of flashrom (see flashrom's manpage). It let's the hardware choose the opcodes based on the flash descriptor. Nico

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Broadwell-DE SoC
by Wen Wang 02 Aug '16

02 Aug '16

Hello, Has anybody tried flashrom on Broadwell-DE SoC? Intel has upstreamed coreboot support. But we are having trouble with flashrom. The ME region does not seem to be accessible. We cannot read the entire flash (fails when reading ME) even though we enabled all reads in Master Access Section in FITC. We also tried to set FDO, it did not help either. We would like to at least be able to update the BIOS region. However, flashrom performs a full read prior to doing partial write. Below is the log using flashrom trunk. Thanks! Wen ++++++++++++ flashrom log ++++++++++++++++ [root@localhost flashrom_trunk]# ./flashrom -p internal -r backup.bin -V flashrom v0.9.9-r1954 on Linux 4.2.8-200.fc22.x86_64 (x86_64) flashrom is free software, get the source code at https://flashrom.org flashrom was built with libpci 3.3.0, GCC 5.3.1 20151207 (Red Hat 5.3.1-2), little endian Command line (5 args): ./flashrom -p internal -r backup.bin -V Calibrating delay loop... OS timer resolution is 1 usecs, 2474M loops per second, 10 myus = 10 us, 100 myus = 102 us, 1000 myus = 1011 us, 10000 myus = 10133 us, 4 myus = 4 us, OK. Initializing internal programmer Found candidate at: 00000500-00000510 Found coreboot table at 0x00000500. Error accessing high tables, 0x100000 bytes at 0x000000007efcf000 /dev/mem mmap failed: Resource temporarily unavailable Failed getting access to coreboot high tables. Using Internal DMI decoder. DMI string chassis-type: "Desktop" DMI string system-manufacturer: "ADI Engineering" DMI string system-product-name: "BCC" DMI string system-version: "1.0" DMI string baseboard-manufacturer: "ADI Engineering" DMI string baseboard-product-name: "BCC" DMI string baseboard-version: "1.0" Found chipset "Intel C224" with PCI ID 8086:8c54. This chipset is marked as untested. If you are using an up-to-date version of flashrom *and* were (not) able to successfully update your firmware with it, then please email a report to flashrom(a)flashrom.org including a verbose (-V) log. Thank you! Enabling flash write... Root Complex Register Block address = 0xfed1c000 GCS = 0xc21: BIOS Interface Lock-Down: enabled, Boot BIOS Straps: 0x3 (SPI) Top Swap: enabled (A16(+) inverted) 0xfff80000/0xffb80000 FWH IDSEL: 0x0 0xfff00000/0xffb00000 FWH IDSEL: 0x0 0xffe80000/0xffa80000 FWH IDSEL: 0x1 0xffe00000/0xffa00000 FWH IDSEL: 0x1 0xffd80000/0xff980000 FWH IDSEL: 0x2 0xffd00000/0xff900000 FWH IDSEL: 0x2 0xffc80000/0xff880000 FWH IDSEL: 0x3 0xffc00000/0xff800000 FWH IDSEL: 0x3 0xff700000/0xff300000 FWH IDSEL: 0x4 0xff600000/0xff200000 FWH IDSEL: 0x5 0xff500000/0xff100000 FWH IDSEL: 0x6 0xff400000/0xff000000 FWH IDSEL: 0x7 0xfff80000/0xffb80000 FWH decode enabled 0xfff00000/0xffb00000 FWH decode enabled 0xffe80000/0xffa80000 FWH decode enabled 0xffe00000/0xffa00000 FWH decode enabled 0xffd80000/0xff980000 FWH decode enabled 0xffd00000/0xff900000 FWH decode enabled 0xffc80000/0xff880000 FWH decode enabled 0xffc00000/0xff800000 FWH decode enabled 0xff700000/0xff300000 FWH decode enabled 0xff600000/0xff200000 FWH decode enabled 0xff500000/0xff100000 FWH decode enabled 0xff400000/0xff000000 FWH decode enabled Maximum FWH chip size: 0x100000 bytes SPI Read Configuration: prefetching enabled, caching enabled, BIOS_CNTL = 0x09: BIOS Lock Enable: disabled, BIOS Write Enable: enabled SPIBAR = 0x00007f7924698000 + 0x3800 0x04: 0xd009 (HSFS) HSFS: FDONE=1, FCERR=0, AEL=0, BERASE=1, SCIP=0, FDOPSS=0, FDV=1, FLOCKDN=1 Warning: SPI Configuration Lockdown activated. The Flash Descriptor Override Strap-Pin is set. Restrictions implied by the Master Section of the flash descriptor are NOT in effect. Please note that Protected Range (PR) restrictions still apply. Reading OPCODES... done 0x06: 0x3f00 (HSFC) HSFC: FGO=0, FCYCLE=0, FDBC=63, SME=0 0x50: 0x0000ffff (FRAP) BMWAG 0x00, BMRAG 0x00, BRWA 0xff, BRRA 0xff 0x54: 0x00000000 FREG0: Flash Descriptor region (0x00000000-0x00000fff) is read-write. 0x58: 0x0fff0e00 FREG1: BIOS region (0x00e00000-0x00ffffff) is read-write. 0x5C: 0x0dff0001 FREG2: Management Engine region (0x00001000-0x00dfffff) is read-write. 0x90: 0x80 (SSFS) SSFS: SCIP=0, FDONE=0, FCERR=0, AEL=0 0x91: 0xf80000 (SSFC) SSFC: SCGO=0, ACS=0, SPOP=0, COP=0, DBC=0, SME=0, SCF=0 0x94: 0x0000 (PREOP) 0x96: 0x0000 (OPTYPE) 0x98: 0x00000000 (OPMENU) 0x9C: 0x00000000 (OPMENU+4) 0xA0: 0x00000000 (BBAR) 0xC4: 0x80800000 (LVSCC) LVSCC: BES=0x0, WG=0, WSR=0, WEWS=0, EO=0x0, VCL=1 0xC8: 0x00000000 (UVSCC) UVSCC: BES=0x0, WG=0, WSR=0, WEWS=0, EO=0x0 0xD0: 0x50444653 (FPB) Enabling hardware sequencing because some important opcode is locked. OK. The following protocols are supported: FWH, Programmer-specific. Probing for Programmer Opaque flash chip, 0 kB: Hardware sequencing reports 1 attached SPI flash chip with a density of 16384 kB. The first partition ranges from 0x000000 to 0x652fff. In that range are 1619 erase blocks with 4096 B each. The second partition ranges from 0x653000 to 0xffffff. In that range are 2477 erase blocks with 4096 B each. Found Programmer flash chip "Opaque flash chip" (16384 kB, Programmer-specific) mapped at physical address 0x0000000000000000. Probing for Atmel AT49LH002, 256 kB: probe_82802ab: id1 0xff, id2 0xff, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for Atmel AT49LH00B4, 512 kB: probe_82802ab: id1 0x02, id2 0x58, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for Atmel AT49LH004, 512 kB: probe_82802ab: id1 0x02, id2 0x58, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for Intel 82802AB, 512 kB: probe_82802ab: id1 0x02, id2 0x58, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for Intel 82802AC, 1024 kB: probe_82802ab: id1 0x75, id2 0xef, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for PMC Pm49FL002, 256 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xff, id2 0xff, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for PMC Pm49FL004, 512 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0x02, id2 0x58, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for Sharp LHF00L04, 1024 kB: probe_82802ab: id1 0x75, id2 0xef, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for SST SST49LF002A/B, 256 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xff, id2 0xff, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for SST SST49LF003A/B, 384 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0x13, id2 0x8c, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for SST SST49LF004A/B, 512 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0x02, id2 0x58, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for SST SST49LF004C, 512 kB: probe_82802ab: id1 0x02, id2 0x58, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for SST SST49LF008A, 1024 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0x75, id2 0xef, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for SST SST49LF008C, 1024 kB: probe_82802ab: id1 0x75, id2 0xef, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for SST SST49LF016C, 2048 kB: probe_82802ab: id1 0x4c, id2 0x41, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for ST M50FLW040A, 512 kB: probe_82802ab: id1 0x02, id2 0x58, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for ST M50FLW040B, 512 kB: probe_82802ab: id1 0x02, id2 0x58, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for ST M50FLW080A, 1024 kB: probe_82802ab: id1 0x75, id2 0xef, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for ST M50FLW080B, 1024 kB: probe_82802ab: id1 0x75, id2 0xef, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for ST M50FW002, 256 kB: probe_82802ab: id1 0xff, id2 0xff, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for ST M50FW016, 2048 kB: probe_82802ab: id1 0x4c, id2 0x41, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for ST M50FW040, 512 kB: probe_82802ab: id1 0x02, id2 0x58, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for ST M50FW080, 1024 kB: probe_82802ab: id1 0x75, id2 0xef, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for Winbond W39V040FA, 512 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0x02, id2 0x58, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for Winbond W39V040FB, 512 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0x02, id2 0x58, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for Winbond W39V040FC, 512 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0x02, id2 0x58, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for Winbond W49V002FA, 256 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0xff, id2 0xff, id1 parity violation, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for Winbond W39V080FA, 1024 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0x75, id2 0xef, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Probing for Winbond W39V080FA (dual mode), 512 kB: probe_jedec_common: id1 0x02, id2 0x58, id1 is normal flash content, id2 is normal flash content Found Programmer flash chip "Opaque flash chip" (16384 kB, Programmer-specific). Reading flash... Reading 16777216 bytes starting at 0x000000. Timeout error between offset 0x00014400 and 0x0001443f (= 0x00014400 + 63)! HSFS: FDONE=0, FCERR=0, AEL=0, BERASE=1, SCIP=1, FDOPSS=0, FDV=1, FLOCKDN=1 HSFC: FGO=0, FCYCLE=0, FDBC=63, SME=0 Read operation failed! FAILED. Restoring MMIO space at 0x7f792469b8a0 Restoring PCI config space for 00:1f:0 reg 0xdc [root@localhost flashrom_trunk]#

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Re: [flashrom] Writing to a specific Flash region with Layout approach
by Pradeep Ch 02 Aug '16

02 Aug '16

Hello David, Thanks for commands usage . For the command: dd if=test2.bin of=test.bin bs=1 seek=$((0x1a1e0)) conv=notrunc It is subtle when you are mentioning bs=1, If we donot specify bs, it will take a default value of 512 I suppose, then seek will be (0x1a1e0)*512 which will skip lot of bytes from the beginning of the file. So, we cannot use a layout file to write to a specific region. Rgds, On Tue, Aug 2, 2016 at 1:31 AM, David Hendricks <dhendrix(a)chromium.org> wrote: > > > On Mon, Aug 1, 2016 at 9:59 AM, Pradeep Ch <shanmugp(a)sysargus.com> wrote: > >> How do I pad the bootloader. img to 8MBytes ? But, still it occupies the >> first 106976 Bytes right ? Remaining space is empty I suppose. >> > To create a 8MB file full of 0xff bytes: > dd if=/dev/zero bs=1k count=8192 2>/dev/null | tr "\000" "\377" > test.bin > > From there, you can use dd with skip=, seek=, and conv=notrunc to place > your content wherever you need to in the image. For example, > dd if=test1.bin of=test.bin bs=1 conv=notrunc > dd if=test2.bin of=test.bin bs=1 seek=$((0x1a1e0)) conv=notrunc > > Thanks. >> On Aug 1, 2016 9:08 PM, "Urja Rannikko" <urjaman(a)gmail.com> wrote: >> >>> Hi, >>> >>> On Mon, Aug 1, 2016 at 10:33 AM, Pradeep Ch <shanmugp(a)sysargus.com> >>> wrote: >>> > >>> > I am attempting to write to a flashrom using layout/region approach. >>> > The NOR flash size is 8MBytes. The file size I am writing is 106976 >>> Bytes. >>> > >>> > The rom.layout file contents are: >>> > 00000000:0001a1df test1 >>> > 0001a1e0:007fffff test2 >>> > >>> > The command I am using is: >>> > ./flashrom -p ft2232_spi:type=arm-usb-ocd --layout rom.layout --image >>> test1 >>> > -w bootloader.img >>> > >>> > The error I am getting is : >>> > Using region: "test1". >>> > Calibrating delay loop... OK. >>> > Found Eon flash chip "EN25Q64" (8192 kB, SPI) on ft2232_spi. >>> > Error: Image size (106976 B) doesn't match the flash chip's size >>> (8388608 >>> > B)! >>> > >>> > Please let me know about the error. >>> >>> The current layout system will only limit the actually written area, >>> not change the requirements of the flash file being the size of the >>> chip, so in this case you'd need to pad the bootloader.img to 8MB. >>> >> >> _______________________________________________ >> flashrom mailing list >> flashrom(a)flashrom.org >> https://www.flashrom.org/mailman/listinfo/flashrom >> > > > > -- > David Hendricks (dhendrix) > Systems Software Engineer, Google Inc. >

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Re: [flashrom] Writing to a specific Flash region with Layout approach
by David Hendricks 01 Aug '16

01 Aug '16

On Mon, Aug 1, 2016 at 9:59 AM, Pradeep Ch <shanmugp(a)sysargus.com> wrote: > How do I pad the bootloader. img to 8MBytes ? But, still it occupies the > first 106976 Bytes right ? Remaining space is empty I suppose. > To create a 8MB file full of 0xff bytes: dd if=/dev/zero bs=1k count=8192 2>/dev/null | tr "\000" "\377" > test.bin >From there, you can use dd with skip=, seek=, and conv=notrunc to place your content wherever you need to in the image. For example, dd if=test1.bin of=test.bin bs=1 conv=notrunc dd if=test2.bin of=test.bin bs=1 seek=$((0x1a1e0)) conv=notrunc Thanks. > On Aug 1, 2016 9:08 PM, "Urja Rannikko" <urjaman(a)gmail.com> wrote: > >> Hi, >> >> On Mon, Aug 1, 2016 at 10:33 AM, Pradeep Ch <shanmugp(a)sysargus.com> >> wrote: >> > >> > I am attempting to write to a flashrom using layout/region approach. >> > The NOR flash size is 8MBytes. The file size I am writing is 106976 >> Bytes. >> > >> > The rom.layout file contents are: >> > 00000000:0001a1df test1 >> > 0001a1e0:007fffff test2 >> > >> > The command I am using is: >> > ./flashrom -p ft2232_spi:type=arm-usb-ocd --layout rom.layout --image >> test1 >> > -w bootloader.img >> > >> > The error I am getting is : >> > Using region: "test1". >> > Calibrating delay loop... OK. >> > Found Eon flash chip "EN25Q64" (8192 kB, SPI) on ft2232_spi. >> > Error: Image size (106976 B) doesn't match the flash chip's size >> (8388608 >> > B)! >> > >> > Please let me know about the error. >> >> The current layout system will only limit the actually written area, >> not change the requirements of the flash file being the size of the >> chip, so in this case you'd need to pad the bootloader.img to 8MB. >> > > _______________________________________________ > flashrom mailing list > flashrom(a)flashrom.org > https://www.flashrom.org/mailman/listinfo/flashrom > -- David Hendricks (dhendrix) Systems Software Engineer, Google Inc.

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Re: [flashrom] Writing to a specific Flash region with Layout approach
by Pradeep Ch 01 Aug '16

01 Aug '16

How do I pad the bootloader. img to 8MBytes ? But, still it occupies the first 106976 Bytes right ? Remaining space is empty I suppose. Thanks. On Aug 1, 2016 9:08 PM, "Urja Rannikko" <urjaman(a)gmail.com> wrote: > Hi, > > On Mon, Aug 1, 2016 at 10:33 AM, Pradeep Ch <shanmugp(a)sysargus.com> wrote: > > > > I am attempting to write to a flashrom using layout/region approach. > > The NOR flash size is 8MBytes. The file size I am writing is 106976 > Bytes. > > > > The rom.layout file contents are: > > 00000000:0001a1df test1 > > 0001a1e0:007fffff test2 > > > > The command I am using is: > > ./flashrom -p ft2232_spi:type=arm-usb-ocd --layout rom.layout --image > test1 > > -w bootloader.img > > > > The error I am getting is : > > Using region: "test1". > > Calibrating delay loop... OK. > > Found Eon flash chip "EN25Q64" (8192 kB, SPI) on ft2232_spi. > > Error: Image size (106976 B) doesn't match the flash chip's size (8388608 > > B)! > > > > Please let me know about the error. > > The current layout system will only limit the actually written area, > not change the requirements of the flash file being the size of the > chip, so in this case you'd need to pad the bootloader.img to 8MB. >

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Re: [flashrom] Writing to a specific Flash region with Layout approach
by Urja Rannikko 01 Aug '16

01 Aug '16

Hi, On Mon, Aug 1, 2016 at 10:33 AM, Pradeep Ch <shanmugp(a)sysargus.com> wrote: > > I am attempting to write to a flashrom using layout/region approach. > The NOR flash size is 8MBytes. The file size I am writing is 106976 Bytes. > > The rom.layout file contents are: > 00000000:0001a1df test1 > 0001a1e0:007fffff test2 > > The command I am using is: > ./flashrom -p ft2232_spi:type=arm-usb-ocd --layout rom.layout --image test1 > -w bootloader.img > > The error I am getting is : > Using region: "test1". > Calibrating delay loop... OK. > Found Eon flash chip "EN25Q64" (8192 kB, SPI) on ft2232_spi. > Error: Image size (106976 B) doesn't match the flash chip's size (8388608 > B)! > > Please let me know about the error. The current layout system will only limit the actually written area, not change the requirements of the flash file being the size of the chip, so in this case you'd need to pad the bootloader.img to 8MB.

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Writing to a specific Flash region with Layout approach
by Pradeep Ch 01 Aug '16

01 Aug '16

I am attempting to write to a flashrom using layout/region approach. The NOR flash size is 8MBytes. The file size I am writing is 106976 Bytes. The rom.layout file contents are: 00000000:0001a1df test1 0001a1e0:007fffff test2 The command I am using is: ./flashrom -p ft2232_spi:type=arm-usb-ocd --layout rom.layout --image test1 -w bootloader.img The error I am getting is : Using region: "test1". Calibrating delay loop... OK. Found Eon flash chip "EN25Q64" (8192 kB, SPI) on ft2232_spi. Error: Image size (106976 B) doesn't match the flash chip's size (8388608 B)! Please let me know about the error. Thanks, Pradeep Ch.

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Re: [flashrom] Failed to write/read NOR flash EN25Q64 using ARM-USB-OCD Jtag.
by Stefan Tauner 01 Aug '16

01 Aug '16

On Sun, 31 Jul 2016 15:34:18 +0530 Pradeep Ch <pradeepsysargus(a)gmail.com> wrote: > favorite > <http://stackoverflow.com/questions/38674226/flashrom-tool-command-has-faile…> > > I am able to detect my flash chip when I use the command: > > ./flashrom -p ft2232_spi:type=arm-usb-ocd -c EN25Q64 > > If use the below command to write binary file to the flash memory using > JTAG - ARM-USB-OCD debugger for my target board RT5350F-OLinuXino-EVB, > > ./flashrom -p ft2232_spi:type=arm-usb-ocd -w > FlashImage_RT5350F_OLinuXino_EVB.bin > > I am getting an error, the error is: > > Found Eon flash chip "EN25Q64" (8192 kB, SPI) on ft2232_spi. > ftdi_write_data: -110, usb bulk write failed > send_buf failed before read: 1 > Reading old flash chip contents... ftdi_read_data: -110, usb bulk read failed > get_buf failed: 1 > FAILED. Do you power the whole setup via the OCD? That might be the culprit. I presume that it can not supply enough current in all operating modes. Apparently it is enough to probe for the chip though... -- Kind regards/Mit freundlichen Grüßen, Stefan Tauner

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Failed to write/read NOR flash EN25Q64 using ARM-USB-OCD Jtag.
by Pradeep Ch 31 Jul '16

31 Jul '16

favorite <http://stackoverflow.com/questions/38674226/flashrom-tool-command-has-faile…> I am able to detect my flash chip when I use the command: ./flashrom -p ft2232_spi:type=arm-usb-ocd -c EN25Q64 If use the below command to write binary file to the flash memory using JTAG - ARM-USB-OCD debugger for my target board RT5350F-OLinuXino-EVB, ./flashrom -p ft2232_spi:type=arm-usb-ocd -w FlashImage_RT5350F_OLinuXino_EVB.bin I am getting an error, the error is: Found Eon flash chip "EN25Q64" (8192 kB, SPI) on ft2232_spi. ftdi_write_data: -110, usb bulk write failed send_buf failed before read: 1 Reading old flash chip contents... ftdi_read_data: -110, usb bulk read failed get_buf failed: 1 FAILED. Please let me know, Thanks, Pradeep Ch.

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[PATCH] Work around very broken timers.
by Stefan Tauner 30 Jul '16

30 Jul '16

Allow myusec_calibrate_delay() to indicate errors and abort in cli_classic if that happens. Signed-off-by: Stefan Tauner <stefan.tauner(a)alumni.tuwien.ac.at> --- cli_classic.c | 6 +++++- programmer.h | 2 +- udelay.c | 22 ++++++++++++++-------- 3 files changed, 20 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-) Roxfan on IRC had major problems getting flashrom to even start because of some hardware-related timing problems. Without this patch his hardware would (almost?) endlessly loop during timer calibration. This patch aborts instead after a while and should not trigger any regressions. One can test it by overriding the gettimeofday results in measure_delay() by adding following assignments: start.tv_sec = 0; end.tv_sec = 0; start.tv_usec = 0; end.tv_usec = 0; diff --git a/cli_classic.c b/cli_classic.c index a2c2014..4a68f0b 100644 --- a/cli_classic.c +++ b/cli_classic.c @@ -414,7 +414,11 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) } /* FIXME: Delay calibration should happen in programmer code. */ - myusec_calibrate_delay(); + if (myusec_calibrate_delay() != 0) { + msg_perr("Error: Custom timer calibration failed.\n"); + ret = 1; + goto out_shutdown; + } if (programmer_init(prog, pparam)) { msg_perr("Error: Programmer initialization failed.\n"); diff --git a/programmer.h b/programmer.h index bd8e98d..b39fba4 100644 --- a/programmer.h +++ b/programmer.h @@ -268,8 +268,8 @@ extern const struct board_info laptops_known[]; #endif /* udelay.c */ +int myusec_calibrate_delay(void); void myusec_delay(unsigned int usecs); -void myusec_calibrate_delay(void); void internal_sleep(unsigned int usecs); void internal_delay(unsigned int usecs); diff --git a/udelay.c b/udelay.c index 7c6961d..3562268 100644 --- a/udelay.c +++ b/udelay.c @@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ static unsigned long measure_delay(unsigned int usecs) return timeusec; } -void myusec_calibrate_delay(void) +int myusec_calibrate_delay(void) { unsigned long count = 1000; unsigned long timeusec, resolution; @@ -106,16 +106,21 @@ recalibrate: if (timeusec > 1000000 / 4) break; if (count >= ULONG_MAX / 2) { - msg_pinfo("timer loop overflow, reduced precision. "); + msg_pwarn("timer loop overflow (count=%lu, micro=%lu, timeusec=%lu), reduced precision.\n", + count, micro, timeusec); break; } count *= 2; } tries ++; - /* Avoid division by zero, but in that case the loop is shot anyway. */ - if (!timeusec) - timeusec = 1; + /* Something is completely wrong. Avoid a possible endless loop and fall back to internal_delay(). */ + if (timeusec == 0) { + micro = 0; + msg_pwarn("Timing measurement seems to be broken.\n" + "Falling back to possibly insufficient timing sources!\n"); + return 1; + } /* Compute rounded up number of loops per microsecond. */ micro = (count * micro) / timeusec + 1; @@ -168,6 +173,7 @@ recalibrate: msg_pdbg("%ld myus = %ld us, ", resolution * 4, timeusec); msg_pinfo("OK.\n"); + return 0; } /* Not very precise sleep. */ @@ -187,7 +193,7 @@ void internal_sleep(unsigned int usecs) void internal_delay(unsigned int usecs) { /* If the delay is >1 s, use internal_sleep because timing does not need to be so precise. */ - if (usecs > 1000000) { + if (micro == 0 || usecs > 1000000) { internal_sleep(usecs); } else { myusec_delay(usecs); @@ -197,9 +203,9 @@ void internal_delay(unsigned int usecs) #else #include <libpayload.h> -void myusec_calibrate_delay(void) +int myusec_calibrate_delay(void) { - get_cpu_speed(); + return get_cpu_speed() == 0; // Return 1 on errors, i.e. if get_cpu_speed() returns 0 } void internal_delay(unsigned int usecs) -- Kind regards, Stefan Tauner

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[PATCH 0/6] Initial status register and access protection infrastructure
by Hatim Kanchwala 29 Jul '16

29 Jul '16

Hi, Following patches add new infrastructure for status register(s) and locking/unlocking of access protection. Detailed points for explaining each patch are included within them. Some general thoughts - - The code has a lot TODOs and FIXMEs (most of which I have addressed to myself). They are short-term targets and represent the work-in-progress nature of the patches. Future revisions will resolve them. - There are a lot of comments. Eventually much of that will be relocated to documentation and wiki, so comments in future revisions will shrink. - Some CLI code is borrowed from the ChromiumOS fork (https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromiumos/third_party/flashrom/). IMO, the exact words to use for the options is subjective. - The names for struct status_register and struct wp defines (in statusreg_layouts.c and writeprotect_layouts.c respectively) are not very creative and tend to be long. I couldn't come up with a generic scheme that captures most of the information regarding it. You are welcome to offer creative suggestions ;) Further work - - Read and write "configuration" registers (a lot of Spansion chips have those) - Add tested/untested status for new infrastructure similar to what we have for chips (like TEST_PREW, etc.) - write protection modes - protection ranges - Access protection for non-SPI chips (pointed to by Stefan over IRC) - Reuse layouts for locking/unlocking (pointed to by Stafan and David over IRC) - Handling WPS bit (a couple of GigaDevice chips have this) - Exotic chips (mostly Atmel, now Adesto, chips fall under this category) This is what I particularly seek - - Feedback on code - Feedback on CLI - Any other ideas that you'd like to add tu further work - Please add support for a few chips that you might have, and if possible also test them - would like to know how cumbersome it is Thank you for your time. I am looking forward to your feedback and having a discussion. I hope this contribution (and many more in the future) adds value to flashrom and its community. Bye, Hatim Hatim Kanchwala (6): Status register infrastructure Locking/unlocking access protection infrastructure WIP: Add support for status register infrastructure to existing chips WIP: Add support for access protection infrastructure to existing chips Integrate new infrastructure with existing codebase Add command-line interface to expose new infrastructure Makefile | 6 +- chipdrivers.h | 24 +++ cli_classic.c | 200 +++++++++++++++++++++++- flash.h | 46 +++++- flashchips.c | 176 +++++++++++++++++---- flashrom.8.tmpl | 56 ++++++- flashrom.c | 17 +- spi.h | 8 +- spi25.c | 164 +++++++++++++++---- spi25_statusreg.c | 416 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ spi25_statusreg.h | 115 ++++++++++++++ statusreg_layouts.c | 320 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ writeprotect.c | 405 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ writeprotect.h | 40 +++++ writeprotect_layouts.c | 166 ++++++++++++++++++++ 15 files changed, 2083 insertions(+), 76 deletions(-) create mode 100644 spi25_statusreg.h create mode 100644 statusreg_layouts.c create mode 100644 writeprotect.c create mode 100644 writeprotect.h create mode 100644 writeprotect_layouts.c -- 2.7.4

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[PATCH] Add support for Micron N25Q016..3E
by Stefan Tauner 29 Jul '16

29 Jul '16

This kind of chip seems to be behind Altera's EPCQ16 that is used to store configuration of FPGAs on some boards. No official datasheet matching the chip is available. The chip definition bases on the datasheet of the EPCQ16 and other Micron chips of the same familiy. Its existence and functionality via SFDP was reported by Peter Ma. Signed-off-by: Stefan Tauner <stefan.tauner(a)alumni.tuwien.ac.at> On Thu, 28 Jul 2016 19:59:59 +0000 "Ma, Peter" <peter.ma(a)intel.com> wrote: > I just received a new set of boards with the Altera EPCQ16 that we discussed before. Something odd happened: I would use flashrom and it would do the usual "SFDP-capable chip" (2048 kB, SPI). > > But on subsequent tries (even after re-boots), flashrom is coming back with: > Found ST flash chip "unknown ST SPI chip" (0 kB, SPI) > > Have any idea as to what could be going wrong? Not exactly, no. Apparently something you did changed the chip's reaction to the SFDP query opcode or something similar. You could try lowering the SPI frequency and look for a changed behavior while probing for SFDP. If that fails you could also try the attached patch that adds a chip definition that should work for your variation as well. --- flashchips.c | 39 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++- flashchips.h | 2 ++ 2 files changed, 40 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/flashchips.c b/flashchips.c index 40b6b8e..30c50ca 100644 --- a/flashchips.c +++ b/flashchips.c @@ -9505,7 +9505,7 @@ const struct flashchip flashchips[] = { { .vendor = "Micron/Numonyx/ST", - .name = "N25Q016", + .name = "N25Q016..1E", .bustype = BUS_SPI, .manufacture_id = ST_ID, .model_id = ST_N25Q016__1E, @@ -9542,6 +9542,43 @@ const struct flashchip flashchips[] = { { .vendor = "Micron/Numonyx/ST", + .name = "N25Q016..3E", + .bustype = BUS_SPI, + .manufacture_id = ST_ID, + .model_id = ST_N25Q016__3E, + .total_size = 2048, + .page_size = 256, + /* supports SFDP */ + /* OTP: 64B total; read 0x4B, write 0x42 */ + .feature_bits = FEATURE_WRSR_WREN | FEATURE_OTP, + .tested = TEST_OK_PREW, + .probe = probe_spi_rdid, + .probe_timing = TIMING_ZERO, + .block_erasers = + { + { + .eraseblocks = { {4 * 1024, 512} }, + .block_erase = spi_block_erase_20, + }, { + .eraseblocks = { {32 * 1024, 64} }, + .block_erase = spi_block_erase_52, + }, { + .eraseblocks = { {64 * 1024, 32} }, + .block_erase = spi_block_erase_d8, + }, { + .eraseblocks = { {2 * 1024 * 1024, 1} }, + .block_erase = spi_block_erase_c7, + } + }, + .printlock = spi_prettyprint_status_register_n25q, /* TODO: config, lock, flag regs */ + .unlock = spi_disable_blockprotect_n25q, /* TODO: per 64kB sector lock registers */ + .write = spi_chip_write_256, /* Multi I/O supported */ + .read = spi_chip_read, /* Fast read (0x0B) and multi I/O supported */ + .voltage = {2700, 3600}, + }, + + { + .vendor = "Micron/Numonyx/ST", .name = "N25Q032..1E", .bustype = BUS_SPI, .manufacture_id = ST_ID, diff --git a/flashchips.h b/flashchips.h index 9ffb30f..7dfe985 100644 --- a/flashchips.h +++ b/flashchips.h @@ -839,6 +839,8 @@ #define ST_MT28GU256___2 0x8904 #define ST_MT28GU512___1 0x887E #define ST_MT28GU512___2 0x8881 +/* The N25Q family is also used by Altera in its EPCQ series. */ +#define ST_N25Q016__3E 0xBA15 /* N25Q016, 3.0V, (uniform sectors expected) */ #define ST_N25Q016__1E 0xBB15 /* N25Q016, 1.8V, (uniform sectors expected) */ #define ST_N25Q032__3E 0xBA16 /* N25Q032, 3.0V, (uniform sectors expected) */ #define ST_N25Q032__1E 0xBB16 /* N25Q032, 1.8V, (uniform sectors expected) */ -- Kind regards, Stefan Tauner

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Re: [flashrom] FYI: flashrom output for Altera EPCQ16
by 冰 29 Jul '16

29 Jul '16

this is a not surport spi flash，you can add it！！！！！！！ reference:https://www.flashrom.org/Development_Guidelines#Adding.2Freviewin… or this link in chinese: http://bbs.ickey.cn/community/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=64498 发自网易邮箱大师 On 07/29/2016 03:59, Ma, Peter wrote: Hi, Stefan... I just received a new set of boards with the Altera EPCQ16 that we discussed before. Something odd happened: I would use flashrom and it would do the usual "SFDP-capable chip" (2048 kB, SPI). But on subsequent tries (even after re-boots), flashrom is coming back with: Found ST flash chip "unknown ST SPI chip" (0 kB, SPI) Have any idea as to what could be going wrong? Here is the -VV output: # flashrom -VV -p linux_spi:dev=/dev/spidev0.0 flashrom v0.9.8-r1888 on Linux 4.7.0 (x86_64) flashrom is free software, get the source code at http://www.flashrom.org flashrom was built with libpci 3.5.1, GCC 6.1.0, little endian Command line (3 args): flashrom -VV -p linux_spi:dev=/dev/spidev0.0 Calibrating delay loop... OS timer resolution is 1 usecs, 444M loops per second, 10 myus = 10 us, 100 myus = 100 us, 1000 myus = 999 us, 10000 myus = 10012 us, 4 myus = 4 us, OK. Initializing linux_spi programmer Using device /dev/spidev0.0 The following protocols are supported: SPI. Probing for AMIC A25L05PT, 64 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for AMIC A25L05PU, 64 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for AMIC A25L10PT, 128 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for AMIC A25L10PU, 128 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for AMIC A25L20PT, 256 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for AMIC A25L20PU, 256 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for AMIC A25L40PT, 512 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for AMIC A25L40PU, 512 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for AMIC A25L80P, 1024 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for AMIC A25L16PT, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for AMIC A25L16PU, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for AMIC A25L512, 64 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for AMIC A25L010, 128 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for AMIC A25L020, 256 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for AMIC A25L040, 512 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for AMIC A25L080, 1024 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for AMIC A25L016, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for AMIC A25L032, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for AMIC A25LQ16, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for AMIC A25LQ032/A25LQ32A, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for AMIC A25LQ64, 8192 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Atmel AT25DF021, 256 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Atmel AT25DF041A, 512 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Atmel AT25DF081, 1024 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Atmel AT25DF081A, 1024 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Atmel AT25DF161, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Atmel AT25DF321, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Atmel AT25DF321A, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Atmel AT25DF641(A), 8192 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Atmel AT25DL081, 1024 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Atmel AT25DL161, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Atmel AT25DQ161, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Atmel AT25F512, 64 kB: probe_spi_at25f: id1 0xff, id2 0xff Probing for Atmel AT25F512A, 64 kB: probe_spi_at25f: id1 0xff, id2 0xff Probing for Atmel AT25F512B, 64 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Atmel AT25F1024(A), 128 kB: probe_spi_at25f: id1 0xff, id2 0xff Probing for Atmel AT25F2048, 256 kB: probe_spi_at25f: id1 0xff, id2 0xff Probing for Atmel AT25F4096, 512 kB: probe_spi_at25f: id1 0xff, id2 0xff Probing for Atmel AT25FS010, 128 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Atmel AT25FS040, 512 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Atmel AT26DF041, 512 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Atmel AT26DF081A, 1024 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Atmel AT26DF161, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Atmel AT26DF161A, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Atmel AT26F004, 512 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Atmel AT45CS1282, 16896 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Atmel AT45DB011D, 128 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Atmel AT45DB021D, 256 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Atmel AT45DB041D, 512 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Atmel AT45DB081D, 1024 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Atmel AT45DB161D, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Atmel AT45DB321C, 4224 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Atmel AT45DB321D, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Atmel AT45DB321E, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Atmel AT45DB642D, 8192 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for ESMT F25L008A, 1024 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for ESMT F25L32PA, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25B05, 64 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25B05T, 64 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25P05, 64 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25B10, 128 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25B10T, 128 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25P10, 128 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25B20, 256 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25B20T, 256 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25P20, 256 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25B40, 512 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25B40T, 512 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25P40, 512 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25B80, 1024 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25B80T, 1024 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25P80, 1024 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25B16, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25B16T, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25P16, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25B32, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25B32T, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25P32, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25B64, 8192 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25B64T, 8192 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25P64, 8192 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25F05, 64 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25F10, 128 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25F20, 256 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25F40, 512 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25F80, 1024 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25F16, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25F32, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25F64, 8192 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25Q40, 512 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25Q80(A), 1024 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25Q16, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25Q32(A/B), 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25Q64, 8192 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25Q128, 16384 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25QH16, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25QH32, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25QH64, 8192 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25QH128, 16384 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25S10, 128 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25S20, 256 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25S40, 512 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25S80, 1024 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25S16, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25S32, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25S64, 8192 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for GigaDevice GD25LQ32, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for GigaDevice GD25Q512, 64 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for GigaDevice GD25Q10, 128 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for GigaDevice GD25Q20(B), 256 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for GigaDevice GD25Q40(B), 512 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for GigaDevice GD25Q80(B), 1024 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for GigaDevice GD25Q16(B), 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for GigaDevice GD25Q32(B), 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for GigaDevice GD25Q64(B), 8192 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for GigaDevice GD25Q128B, 16384 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for GigaDevice GD25T80, 1024 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Intel 25F160S33B8, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Intel 25F160S33T8, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Intel 25F320S33B8, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Intel 25F320S33T8, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Intel 25F640S33B8, 8192 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Intel 25F640S33T8, 8192 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Macronix MX23L1654, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Macronix MX23L3254, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Macronix MX23L6454, 8192 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Macronix MX23L12854, 16384 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Macronix MX25L512(E)/MX25V512(C), 64 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Macronix MX25L1005(C)/MX25L1006E, 128 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Macronix MX25L2005(C)/MX25L2006E, 256 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Macronix MX25L4005(A/C)/MX25L4006E, 512 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Macronix MX25L8005/MX25L8006E/MX25L8008E/MX25V8005, 1024 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Macronix MX25L1605, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Macronix MX25L1605A/MX25L1606E/MX25L1608E, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Macronix MX25L1605D/MX25L1608D/MX25L1673E, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Macronix MX25L1635D, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Macronix MX25L1635E, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Macronix MX25L3205(A), 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Macronix MX25L3205D/MX25L3208D, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Macronix MX25L3206E/MX25L3208E, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Macronix MX25L3273E, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Macronix MX25L3235D, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Macronix MX25L6405, 8192 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Macronix MX25L6405D, 8192 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Macronix MX25L6406E/MX25L6408E, 8192 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Macronix MX25L6436E/MX25L6445E/MX25L6465E/MX25L6473E, 8192 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Macronix MX25L12805D, 16384 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Macronix MX25L12835F/MX25L12845E/MX25L12865E, 16384 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Macronix MX25U1635E, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Macronix MX25U3235E/F, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Macronix MX25U6435E/F, 8192 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Macronix MX25U12835F, 16384 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Macronix MX25L6495F, 8192 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST M25P05-A, 64 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST M25P05, 64 kB: Ignoring RES in favour of RDID. Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST M25P10-A, 128 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST M25P10, 128 kB: Ignoring RES in favour of RDID. Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST M25P20, 256 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST M25P20-old, 256 kB: Ignoring RES in favour of RDID. Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST M25P40, 512 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST M25P40-old, 512 kB: Ignoring RES in favour of RDID. Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST M25P80, 1024 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST M25P16, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST M25P32, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST M25P64, 8192 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST M25P128, 16384 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST M25PE10, 128 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST M25PE20, 256 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST M25PE40, 512 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST M25PE80, 1024 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST M25PE16, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST M25PX80, 1024 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST M25PX16, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST M25PX32, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST M25PX64, 8192 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST M45PE10, 128 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST M45PE20, 256 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST M45PE40, 512 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST M45PE80, 1024 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST M45PE16, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST N25Q016, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST N25Q032..1E, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST N25Q032..3E, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST N25Q064..1E, 8192 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST N25Q064..3E, 8192 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST N25Q128..1E, 16384 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST N25Q128..3E, 16384 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Nantronics N25S10, 128 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Nantronics N25S20, 256 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Nantronics N25S40, 512 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Nantronics N25S80, 1024 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Nantronics N25S16, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for PMC Pm25LD256C, 32 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for PMC Pm25LD512(C), 64 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for PMC Pm25LD010(C), 128 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for PMC Pm25LD020(C), 256 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for PMC Pm25LD040(C), 512 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for PMC Pm25LV512(A), 64 kB: probe_spi_res2: id1 0xff, id2 0xff Probing for PMC Pm25LV010, 128 kB: probe_spi_res2: id1 0xff, id2 0xff Probing for PMC Pm25LV010A, 128 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for PMC Pm25LV020, 256 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for PMC Pm25LV040, 512 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for PMC Pm25LV080B, 1024 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for PMC Pm25LV016B, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Sanyo LE25FW106, 128 kB: probe_spi_res2: id1 0xff, id2 0xff Probing for Sanyo LE25FW406A, 512 kB: probe_spi_res2: id1 0xff, id2 0xff Probing for Sanyo LE25FU406B, 512 kB: probe_spi_res2: id1 0xff, id2 0xff Probing for Sanyo LE25FW203A, 256 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Sanyo LE25FW403A, 512 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Sanyo LE25FW418A, 512 kB: probe_spi_res2: id1 0xff, id2 0xff Probing for Sanyo LE25FW806, 1024 kB: probe_spi_res2: id1 0xff, id2 0xff Probing for Sanyo LE25FW808, 1024 kB: probe_spi_res2: id1 0xff, id2 0xff Probing for Spansion S25FL004A, 512 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Spansion S25FL008A, 1024 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Spansion S25FL016A, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Spansion S25FL032A/P, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Spansion S25FL064A/P, 8192 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Spansion S25FL204K, 512 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Spansion S25FL208K, 1024 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Spansion S25FL116K/S25FL216K, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Spansion S25FL132K, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Spansion S25FL164K, 8192 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Spansion S25FL127S-64kB, 16384 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Spansion S25FL127S-256kB, 16384 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Spansion S25FL128P......0, 16384 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Spansion S25FL128P......1, 16384 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Spansion S25FL128S......0, 16384 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Spansion S25FL128S......1, 16384 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Spansion S25FL129P......0, 16384 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Spansion S25FL129P......1, 16384 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for SST SST25LF020A, 256 kB: probe_spi_rems: id1 0xff, id2 0xff Probing for SST SST25LF040A, 512 kB: probe_spi_res2: id1 0xff, id2 0xff Probing for SST SST25LF080(A), 1024 kB: probe_spi_res2: id1 0xff, id2 0xff Probing for SST SST25VF512(A), 64 kB: probe_spi_rems: id1 0xff, id2 0xff Probing for SST SST25VF010(A), 128 kB: probe_spi_rems: id1 0xff, id2 0xff Probing for SST SST25VF020, 256 kB: probe_spi_rems: id1 0xff, id2 0xff Probing for SST SST25VF020B, 256 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for SST SST25VF040, 512 kB: probe_spi_rems: id1 0xff, id2 0xff Probing for SST SST25VF040B, 512 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for SST SST25VF040B.REMS, 512 kB: probe_spi_rems: id1 0xff, id2 0xff Probing for SST SST25VF080B, 1024 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for SST SST25VF016B, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for SST SST25VF032B, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for SST SST25VF064C, 8192 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for SST SST25WF512, 64 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for SST SST25WF010, 128 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for SST SST25WF020, 256 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for SST SST25WF040, 512 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for SST SST25WF080, 1024 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Winbond W25Q40.V, 512 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Winbond W25Q80.V, 1024 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Winbond W25Q16.V, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Winbond W25Q32.V, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Winbond W25Q64.V, 8192 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Winbond W25Q128.V, 16384 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Winbond W25Q20.W, 256 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Winbond W25Q40.W, 512 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Winbond W25Q80.W, 1024 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Winbond W25Q16.W, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Winbond W25Q32.W, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Winbond W25Q64.W, 8192 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Winbond W25X10, 128 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Winbond W25X20, 256 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Winbond W25X40, 512 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Winbond W25X80, 1024 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Winbond W25X16, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Winbond W25X32, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Winbond W25X64, 8192 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Unknown SFDP-capable chip, 0 kB: Signature = 0x45f434f5 (should be 0x50444653) No SFDP signature found. Probing for AMIC unknown AMIC SPI chip, 0 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Atmel unknown Atmel SPI chip, 0 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon unknown Eon SPI chip, 0 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Macronix unknown Macronix SPI chip, 0 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for PMC unknown PMC SPI chip, 0 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for SST unknown SST SPI chip, 0 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for ST unknown ST SPI chip, 0 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Found ST flash chip "unknown ST SPI chip" (0 kB, SPI) on linux_spi. Probing for Sanyo unknown Sanyo SPI chip, 0 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Winbond unknown Winbond (ex Nexcom) SPI chip, 0 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Generic unknown SPI chip (RDID), 0 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Generic unknown SPI chip (REMS), 0 kB: probe_spi_rems: id1 0xff, id2 0xff Found ST flash chip "unknown ST SPI chip" (0 kB, SPI). === This flash part has status NOT WORKING for operations: PROBE READ ERASE WRITE The test status of this chip may have been updated in the latest development version of flashrom. If you are running the latest development version, please email a report to flashrom(a)flashrom.org if any of the above operations work correctly for you with this flash chip. Please include the flashrom log file for all operations you tested (see the man page for details), and mention which mainboard or programmer you tested in the subject line. Thanks for your help! No operations were specified. Regards, --------------------------------------------------------- Peter Ma | email: peter.ma(a)intel.com Senior Design Engineer | tel: +1 (604) 742 5778 Intel of Canada, Ltd. | fax: +1 (604) 639 1185 #688 – 1333 West Broadway, Vancouver, BC, Canada, V6H 4C1 _______________________________________________ flashrom mailing list flashrom(a)flashrom.org https://www.flashrom.org/mailman/listinfo/flashrom

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Re: [flashrom] FYI: flashrom output for Altera EPCQ16
by Stefan Tauner 28 Jul '16

28 Jul '16

On Thu, 30 Jun 2016 17:21:54 +0000 "Ma, Peter" <peter.ma(a)intel.com> wrote: > I understand the not wanting to allow casual users to not accidentally mis-program their BIOS. But it does make flashrom not very useful for non-BIOS uses -- like programming FPGA bitstreams, etc. One more thing regarding that: the way to go in that case at least for now is to pad the payload data with 0xFF to reach the flash chip size (either in front or back of the payload depending on the application's need). Cf. https://www.flashrom.org/pipermail/flashrom/2013-October/011828.html -- Kind regards/Mit freundlichen Grüßen, Stefan Tauner

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Re: [flashrom] failed flash
by Hatim Kanchwala 28 Jul '16

28 Jul '16

Hello Andrius, Could you please send a verbose log to the mailing list? If you run flashrom with additional argument "-o logfile.txt", that should do. Please have a look at the man page. :) You could also check out common problems (https://www.flashrom.org/Common_problems). Perhaps a write protection mode is in effect, which cannot be disabled on a software level? Is the WP# pin low? We could help you better with that log file. ;) Thank you :) Hatim On Tuesday 26 July 2016 10:05 PM, Andrius Montvydas wrote: > > hello, > > I had a bad bios flash, so i wanted to flash original bios using > flashrom but it failed. > I was using Raspberry Pi 3, bios chip is winbond W25Q64FW > > flashrom v0.9.9-r1954 on Linux 4.4.13-v7+ (armv7l) > flashrom is free software, get the source code at https://flashrom.org > > Calibrating delay loop... OK. > Found Winbond flash chip "W25Q64.W" (8192 kB, SPI) on linux_spi. > Reading old flash chip contents... done. > Erasing and writing flash chip... FAILED at 0x00000000! Expected=0xff, > Found=0x00, failed byte count from 0x00000000-0x00000fff: 0x1000 > ERASE FAILED! > Reading current flash chip contents... done. Looking for another erase > function. > FAILED at 0x00000000! Expected=0xff, Found=0x00, failed byte count from > 0x00000000-0x00007fff: 0x8000 > ERASE FAILED! > Reading current flash chip contents... done. Looking for another erase > function. > FAILED at 0x00000000! Expected=0xff, Found=0x00, failed byte count from > 0x00000000-0x0000ffff: 0x10000 > ERASE FAILED! > Reading current flash chip contents... done. Looking for another erase > function. > FAILED at 0x00000000! Expected=0xff, Found=0x00, failed byte count from > 0x00000000-0x007fffff: 0x800000 > ERASE FAILED! > Reading current flash chip contents... done. Looking for another erase > function. > FAILED at 0x00000000! Expected=0xff, Found=0x00, failed byte count from > 0x00000000-0x007fffff: 0x800000 > ERASE FAILED! > Looking for another erase function. > No usable erase functions left. > FAILED! > Uh oh. Erase/write failed. Checking if anything has changed. > Reading current flash chip contents... done. > Apparently at least some data has changed. > Your flash chip is in an unknown state. > Please report this on IRC at chat.freenode.net > <http://chat.freenode.net> (channel #flashrom) or > mail flashrom(a)flashrom.org <mailto:flashrom@flashrom.org>, thanks! > pi@raspberrypi:~ $ > > Thank you for any information. > > -- > Andrius M. > > > _______________________________________________ > flashrom mailing list > flashrom(a)flashrom.org > https://www.flashrom.org/mailman/listinfo/flashrom >

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[PATCH 0/4] Initial OTP/Security Register infrastructure
by Hatim Kanchwala 28 Jul '16

28 Jul '16

Hello, This set of patches should be applied on top of the previous patches (https://www.flashrom.org/pipermail/flashrom/2016-July/014717.html). Continuing with the major points from the previous mail (linked above), this patch should bring support for new infrastructure to quite a few more chips. OTP models for Eon, GigaDevice and Winbond are supported now. AMIC, Macronix and Spansion OTP models are scheduled for the next revision. I admit that the CLI may not be worded in the most optimum way, but that was a conscious decision so that it could be sorted out while review. Thank you for your time. I am looking forward to your feedback and having a discussion. Hatim Kanchwala (4): WIP: Add support for status register and access protection infrastructure to more existing chips OTP/Security Register infrastructure WIP: Add support for OTP/Security Register infrastructure to existing chips Integrate OTP infrastructure and add CLI Makefile | 5 +- chipdrivers.h | 23 +++ cli_classic.c | 263 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-- cli_common.c | 54 +++---- flash.h | 25 +++- flashchips.c | 296 ++++++++++++++++++++++++-------------- flashrom.8.tmpl | 52 ++++++- otp.c | 381 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ otp.h | 39 +++++ otp_layouts.c | 229 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ spi.h | 20 +++ spi25.c | 73 ++++++++++ spi25_statusreg.h | 6 + statusreg_layouts.c | 58 +++++++- writeprotect.h | 13 +- writeprotect_layouts.c | 269 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++- 16 files changed, 1645 insertions(+), 161 deletions(-) create mode 100644 otp.c create mode 100644 otp.h create mode 100644 otp_layouts.c -- 2.7.4

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Re: [flashrom] failed flash
by 冰 27 Jul '16

27 Jul '16

make sure that PIN WP and HOLD must pull up to vcc or use other spi flash test your circuit connect ok！！发自网易邮箱大师 On 07/27/2016 00:35, Andrius Montvydas wrote: hello, I had a bad bios flash, so i wanted to flash original bios using flashrom but it failed. I was using Raspberry Pi 3, bios chip is winbond W25Q64FW flashrom v0.9.9-r1954 on Linux 4.4.13-v7+ (armv7l) flashrom is free software, get the source code at https://flashrom.org Calibrating delay loop... OK. Found Winbond flash chip "W25Q64.W" (8192 kB, SPI) on linux_spi. Reading old flash chip contents... done. Erasing and writing flash chip... FAILED at 0x00000000! Expected=0xff, Found=0x00, failed byte count from 0x00000000-0x00000fff: 0x1000 ERASE FAILED! Reading current flash chip contents... done. Looking for another erase function. FAILED at 0x00000000! Expected=0xff, Found=0x00, failed byte count from 0x00000000-0x00007fff: 0x8000 ERASE FAILED! Reading current flash chip contents... done. Looking for another erase function. FAILED at 0x00000000! Expected=0xff, Found=0x00, failed byte count from 0x00000000-0x0000ffff: 0x10000 ERASE FAILED! Reading current flash chip contents... done. Looking for another erase function. FAILED at 0x00000000! Expected=0xff, Found=0x00, failed byte count from 0x00000000-0x007fffff: 0x800000 ERASE FAILED! Reading current flash chip contents... done. Looking for another erase function. FAILED at 0x00000000! Expected=0xff, Found=0x00, failed byte count from 0x00000000-0x007fffff: 0x800000 ERASE FAILED! Looking for another erase function. No usable erase functions left. FAILED! Uh oh. Erase/write failed. Checking if anything has changed. Reading current flash chip contents... done. Apparently at least some data has changed. Your flash chip is in an unknown state. Please report this on IRC at chat.freenode.net (channel #flashrom) or mail flashrom(a)flashrom.org, thanks! pi@raspberrypi:~ $ Thank you for any information. -- Andrius M.

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failed flash
by Andrius Montvydas 26 Jul '16

26 Jul '16

hello, I had a bad bios flash, so i wanted to flash original bios using flashrom but it failed. I was using Raspberry Pi 3, bios chip is winbond W25Q64FW flashrom v0.9.9-r1954 on Linux 4.4.13-v7+ (armv7l) flashrom is free software, get the source code at https://flashrom.org Calibrating delay loop... OK. Found Winbond flash chip "W25Q64.W" (8192 kB, SPI) on linux_spi. Reading old flash chip contents... done. Erasing and writing flash chip... FAILED at 0x00000000! Expected=0xff, Found=0x00, failed byte count from 0x00000000-0x00000fff: 0x1000 ERASE FAILED! Reading current flash chip contents... done. Looking for another erase function. FAILED at 0x00000000! Expected=0xff, Found=0x00, failed byte count from 0x00000000-0x00007fff: 0x8000 ERASE FAILED! Reading current flash chip contents... done. Looking for another erase function. FAILED at 0x00000000! Expected=0xff, Found=0x00, failed byte count from 0x00000000-0x0000ffff: 0x10000 ERASE FAILED! Reading current flash chip contents... done. Looking for another erase function. FAILED at 0x00000000! Expected=0xff, Found=0x00, failed byte count from 0x00000000-0x007fffff: 0x800000 ERASE FAILED! Reading current flash chip contents... done. Looking for another erase function. FAILED at 0x00000000! Expected=0xff, Found=0x00, failed byte count from 0x00000000-0x007fffff: 0x800000 ERASE FAILED! Looking for another erase function. No usable erase functions left. FAILED! Uh oh. Erase/write failed. Checking if anything has changed. Reading current flash chip contents... done. Apparently at least some data has changed. Your flash chip is in an unknown state. Please report this on IRC at chat.freenode.net (channel #flashrom) or mail flashrom(a)flashrom.org, thanks! pi@raspberrypi:~ $ Thank you for any information. -- Andrius M.

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Error at flashing motherboard BIOS
by Szőgyényi Gábor 24 Jul '16

24 Jul '16

Hi flashrom! I attached a screenshot about the BIOS writing problem. The model of my motherboard: SOYO-SY-P4i845peisa Thanks, Gabor

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Flash went all well but MB doesn't boot anymore :)
by Pierre P 24 Jul '16

24 Jul '16

Dear Flashrom Team, As the title suggest, I flashed my old Asus M2V with coreboot but now it doesn't boot anymore. I'm guessing it has more to do with the coreboot rom than with the flashing procedure but I'd like to know if you had an idea to what could have caused this failure ? To flash the MB I used the following command : $ sudo flashrom -p internal -w <mycorebootrom> It successfully flashed a chip (ST something) which is a removable chip on the motherboard. So with this success I decided to reboot the computer but then nothing, screen stays black, no beeping, no keyboard light, only the hard drive led stays on permanently What I tested : I unplugged everything, FDD, HDD, cdrom drive, usb internal connectors, I only let inside the graphic card (a PCI-E Nvidia GF 6600GT) and a stick of RAM I tested with another PCI-E Nvidia card (I don't have any other brand to test with) and with multiple combination of RAM sticks (1, 2 sticks, dual channel slots or not, 512 MB and 2 GB) Now the only thing I could try I guess is remove the ST chip and flash it with an external programmer ? I backed up the original MB rom before flashing. I hope you'll have an idea on what went wrong, if not my next stop will be the coreboot team :) Anyway thanks a lot for your great work ! Best regards, Pierre

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Re: [flashrom] About flashrom chips support plan?
by Yulong Chang 21 Jul '16

21 Jul '16

Hello David, Thanks for your response. I am looking forward to hear it. Yulong David Hendricks 於 2016/7/21 上午 03:58 寫道: > Hello Yulong, > FYI - Apollo Lake support was recently added to the chromium.org > <http://chromium.org> version of flashrom: > https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromiumos/third_party/flashrom/+/4408875… > > I expect upstream will have support for APL soon as well. > > > On Tue, Jul 19, 2016 at 7:02 PM, Yulong Chang <yulong.chang(a)insyde.com > <mailto:yulong.chang@insyde.com>> wrote: > > Hi Gentleman and Lady, > > Let's me introduce myself first. > I am an engineer manager in Insyde Corp. > > I am investigating to use flashrom binary to develop flash > tool for Intel Apollo lake/Broxton chipset. > The Intel Apollo lake/Broxton chipset is not on supported > hardware of flashrom yet > > ***Will Intel Broxton/Apollo lake chipset to be supported flash > chips for flashrom?* > > > Sincerely. > > -- > Yulong Chang > Insyde Software Corp. > 13F, No.161, Sec. 2, MinSheng E. Rd., JhongShan District, Taipei, Taiwan. > Tel: (886) 2-6608-3688 Ext.8572 > > > _______________________________________________ > flashrom mailing list > flashrom(a)flashrom.org <mailto:flashrom@flashrom.org> > https://www.flashrom.org/mailman/listinfo/flashrom > > > > > -- > David Hendricks (dhendrix) > Systems Software Engineer, Google Inc. -- Yulong Chang Insyde Software Corp. 13F, No.161, Sec. 2, MinSheng E. Rd., JhongShan District, Taipei, Taiwan. Tel: (886) 2-6608-3688 Ext.8572

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About flashrom chips support plan?
by Yulong Chang 20 Jul '16

20 Jul '16

Hi Gentleman and Lady, Let's me introduce myself first. I am an engineer manager in Insyde Corp. I am investigating to use flashrom binary to develop flash tool for Intel Apollo lake/Broxton chipset. The Intel Apollo lake/Broxton chipset is not on supported hardware of flashrom yet ***Will Intel Broxton/Apollo lake chipset to be supported flash chips for flashrom?* Sincerely. -- Yulong Chang Insyde Software Corp. 13F, No.161, Sec. 2, MinSheng E. Rd., JhongShan District, Taipei, Taiwan. Tel: (886) 2-6608-3688 Ext.8572

2 1

Tested: SST29EE010
by Urja Rannikko 16 Jul '16

16 Jul '16

Just found a random chip :P -- Urja Rannikko

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[PATCH] Print lock register configuration for N25Q128
by Hatim Kanchwala 15 Jul '16

15 Jul '16

Hi, As discussed over IRC, please apply this patch over the latest stable branch of flashrom from https://github.com/flashrom/flashrom. This is a "hacked" solution and is certainly not merge-worthy in its current state. Patch description - When prettyprinting status register byte 1 of N25Q128 chip, also print least two significant bits of lock register for each 64 kB sector. Thanks, Hatim Signed-off-by: Hatim Kanchwala <hatim(a)hatimak.me> --- spi25_statusreg.c | 31 +++++++++++++++++++------------ 1 file changed, 19 insertions(+), 12 deletions(-) diff --git a/spi25_statusreg.c b/spi25_statusreg.c index 266e7a9..b050ae1 100644 --- a/spi25_statusreg.c +++ b/spi25_statusreg.c @@ -454,58 +454,65 @@ static void spi_prettyprint_status_register_atmel_at25_swp(uint8_t status) } int spi_prettyprint_status_register_at25df(struct flashctx *flash) { uint8_t status = spi_read_status_register(flash); spi_prettyprint_status_register_hex(status); spi_prettyprint_status_register_atmel_at25_srpl(status); spi_prettyprint_status_register_bit(status, 6); spi_prettyprint_status_register_atmel_at25_epewpp(status); spi_prettyprint_status_register_atmel_at25_swp(status); spi_prettyprint_status_register_welwip(status); - if (flash->chip->model_id == ATMEL_AT25DF161) + if (flash->chip->model_id == ST_N25Q128__3E) { int address, i, count, result; - unsigned char read_result, lockdown_status_sector[32], cmd[5]; - cmd[0] = (unsigned char)0x35; - cmd[4] = (unsigned char)0x00; + uint8_t read_result, lockdown_status_sector[flash->chip->total_size / 64], cmd[4]; + cmd[0] = (uint8_t)0xE8; - for (address = 0x000000, i = 0, count = 0; address < 0x200000; address += 0x010000, i++) + msg_cdbg("Additional information regarding block locks for %s\n", flash->chip->name); + for (address = 0x000000, i = 0, count = 0; + address < flash->chip->total_size * 1024; + address += 0x010000, i++) { cmd[1] = (unsigned char)(address >> 16) & 0xff; cmd[2] = (unsigned char)(address >> 8) & 0xff; cmd[3] = (unsigned char)address & 0xff; - result = spi_send_command(flash, sizeof(cmd), sizeof(unsigned char), cmd, &read_result); + result = spi_send_command(flash, sizeof(cmd), sizeof(uint8_t), cmd, &read_result); if (result) { - msg_cerr("%s failed during command execution (ATMEL_AT25DF161)\n", __func__); + msg_cerr("%s failed during command execution (ST_N25Q128__3E)\n", __func__); return result; } if (i % 8 == 0) msg_cdbg("0x%02x:", i); - msg_cdbg(" %02x%s", read_result, (i + 1) % 8 == 0 ? "\n": ""); - lockdown_status_sector[address / 0x010000] = read_result; - if (read_result) + msg_cdbg(" [%s,%s]%s", + (read_result & 0x02) ? "1" : "0", + (read_result & 0x01) ? "1" : "0", + (i + 1) % 8 == 0 ? "\n": ""); + lockdown_status_sector[address / 0x010000] = read_result & 0x03; + if (read_result & 0x01) count++; } - msg_cdbg("%d sector%s locked down permanently%s", count, (count == 1) ? "" : "s", (count == 0) ? "." : " :"); + msg_cdbg("%d sector%s locked down%s", count, (count == 1) ? "" : "s", + (count == 0) ? "." : " :"); if (count) - for (i = 0; i < 32; i++) + for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(lockdown_status_sector); i++) if (lockdown_status_sector[i]) msg_cdbg(" %2d", i); msg_cdbg("\n"); + msg_cdbg("You _may_ be able to unlock the sector%s\n", (count == 1) ? "" : "s"); } return 0; } int spi_prettyprint_status_register_at25df_sec(struct flashctx *flash) { /* FIXME: We should check the security lockdown. */ msg_cdbg("Ignoring security lockdown (if present)\n"); msg_cdbg("Ignoring status register byte 2\n"); return spi_prettyprint_status_register_at25df(flash); } -- 2.7.4

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Found PMC flash chip "Pm25LD020(C)" (256 kB, SPI).
by Julio César Zinn Ferreira 11 Jul '16

11 Jul '16

Hello Dear Friends. As asked when the flashrom software works properly with a new chip, i'm sending the logs. This chip I salvage from a dead HD. Looks like this chip works like a charm. I'm using an Rpi B+ with SPI do communicate with the chip Best Regards from Brazil. Atenciosamente Júlio César Zinn Ferreira juliozinn(a)gmail.com

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Re: [flashrom] RFC: New testing script with remote test capabilities and region awareness
by David Hendricks 06 Jul '16

06 Jul '16

I had a bit more time to work on this today and managed to fix several bugs and simplify the code - now all modes use a single algorithm for testing. I probably won't do another major revision for a few days, but fortunately it seems much more usable now. I also updated the documentation at https://goo.gl/3jNoL7. I also tried to get the test working with upstream, but there are a few features that need to be added first: - Add -i <region>[:<file>] support ( http://patchwork.coreboot.org/patch/4076/) - Partial reads need to be supported. - -r/-w/-v shouldn't require a positional argument ( https://gerrit.chromium.org/gerrit/60515) since we want to do purely partial reads/writes in this case. - Command-line options from chromium: --get-size to obtain chip size (I want to rename this --chip-size at some point), --ignore-fmap (which can be a noop), and --fast-verify (needed for Intel systems with read-locked regions, but good to have in any case). So for now, those who want to try this script can do so using the chromium.org fork: https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromiumos/third_party/flashrom/ Here is patch revision 20 from https://chromium-review.googlesource.com/#/c/353912/: >From 8af85a07966b9486ea78c381c948aeb44bdcca7c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: David Hendricks <dhendrix(a)chromium.org> Date: Sun, 19 Jun 2016 12:53:22 -0700 Subject: [PATCH] WIP: New test script for flashrom ** work in progress ** Shiny new testing capabilities for Flashrom: - Region awareness - Remote testing - Primary and secondary programmer support - Autotest-friendly Long-term goals: - Performance measurement - Endurance testing BUG=chromium:621715 BRANCH=none TEST=this *is* the test Change-Id: Ic643cf2edaf7d8772c63ce8119363d882d1b116d Signed-off-by: David Hendricks <dhendrix(a)chromium.org> --- tests/tests_v2/cmd.sh | 109 +++++++ tests/tests_v2/test_v2.sh | 798 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 2 files changed, 907 insertions(+) create mode 100644 tests/tests_v2/cmd.sh create mode 100644 tests/tests_v2/test_v2.sh diff --git a/tests/tests_v2/cmd.sh b/tests/tests_v2/cmd.sh new file mode 100644 index 0000000..1cfd219 --- /dev/null +++ b/tests/tests_v2/cmd.sh @@ -0,0 +1,109 @@ +#!/bin/sh +# +# This file is part of the flashrom project. It is derived from +# board_status.sh in coreboot. +# +# Copyright (C) 2016 Google Inc. +# Copyright (C) 2014 Sage Electronic Engineering, LLC. + +# test a command +# +# $1: 0 ($LOCAL) to run command locally, +# 1 ($REMOTE) to run remotely if remote host defined +# $2: command to test +# $3: 0 ($FATAL) Exit with an error if the command fails +# 1 ($NONFATAL) Don't exit on command test failure +test_cmd() +{ + local rc + local cmd__="$(echo $2 | cut -d ' ' -f -1)" + local args="$(echo $2 | cut -d ' ' -f 2-)" + + if [ -e "$cmd__" ]; then + return + fi + + if [ "$1" -eq "$REMOTE" ] && [ -n "$REMOTE_HOST" ]; then + ssh $REMOTE_PORT_OPTION root@${REMOTE_HOST} command -v "$cmd__" $args > /dev/null 2>&1 + rc=$? + else + command -v "$cmd__" $args >/dev/null 2>&1 + rc=$? + fi + + if [ $rc -eq 0 ]; then + return 0 + fi + + if [ "$3" = "1" ]; then + return 1 + fi + + echo "$2 not found" + exit $EXIT_FAILURE +} + +# Same args as cmd() but with the addition of $4 which determines if the +# command should be totally silenced or not. +_cmd() +{ + local silent=$4 + + if [ -n "$3" ]; then + pipe_location="${3}" + else + pipe_location="/dev/null" + fi + + if [ $1 -eq $REMOTE ] && [ -n "$REMOTE_HOST" ]; then + if [ $silent -eq 0 ]; then + ssh $REMOTE_PORT_OPTION "root@${REMOTE_HOST}" "$2" > "$pipe_location" 2>/dev/null + else + ssh $REMOTE_PORT_OPTION "root@${REMOTE_HOST}" "$2" > /dev/null 2>&1 + fi + else + if [ $silent -eq 0 ]; then + $2 > "$pipe_location" 2>/dev/null + else + $2 > /dev/null 2>&1 + fi + fi + + return $? +} + +# run a command +# +# $1: 0 ($LOCAL) to run command locally, +# 1 ($REMOTE) to run remotely if remote host defined +# $2: command +# $3: filename to direct output of command into +cmd() +{ + _cmd $1 "$2" "$3" 0 + + if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then + return + fi + + echo "Failed to run \"$2\", aborting" + rm -f "$3" # don't leave an empty file + return $EXIT_FAILURE +} + +# run a command silently +# +# $1: 0 ($LOCAL) to run command locally, +# 1 ($REMOTE) to run remotely if remote host defined +# $2: command +scmd() +{ + _cmd $1 "$2" "" 1 + + if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then + return + fi + + echo "Failed to run \"$2\", aborting" + return $EXIT_FAILURE +} diff --git a/tests/tests_v2/test_v2.sh b/tests/tests_v2/test_v2.sh new file mode 100644 index 0000000..cb9bace --- /dev/null +++ b/tests/tests_v2/test_v2.sh @@ -0,0 +1,798 @@ +#!/bin/sh +# +# Copyright (C) 2016 Google Inc. +# +# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify +# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by +# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or +# (at your option) any later version. +# +# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, +# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of +# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the +# GNU General Public License for more details. +# +# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License +# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software +# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA + +EXIT_SUCCESS=0 +EXIT_FAILURE=1 +RC=$EXIT_SUCCESS +FATAL=0 +NONFATAL=1 + +# For old flashrom version, if -o is not specified +DEFAULT_FLASHROM_PATH="/usr/local/sbin/flashrom" + +# +# Stuff obtained from command-line +# + +# Generic options +BACKUP_IMAGE="" +OLD_FLASHROM="" +NEW_FLASHROM="" +NO_CLEAN=0 +SKIP_CONSISTENCY_CHECK=0 +UPLOAD_RESULTS=0 + +# Primary/Secondary programmer options +PRIMARY_OPTS="" +SECONDARY_OPTS="" + +# Region modes +REGION_MODE_UNKNOWN=0 +REGION_MODE_CLOBBER=1 +REGION_MODE_DESCRIPTOR=2 +REGION_MODE_FLASHMAP=3 +REGION_MODE_LAYOUT=4 +REGION_MODE=$REGION_MODE_UNKNOWN +DESCRIPTOR_REGION="BIOS" +FLASHMAP_REGION="RW_SECTION_A" +LAYOUT_FILE="" +LAYOUT_REGION="RW" +SMALL_REGION=0 + +# Remote testing options +SSH_PORT="" +REMOTE_HOST="" +REMOTE_PORT_OPTION="" +REMOTE_ONLY=0 +REMOTE_PROGRAMMER_PARAMS="" +SSH_CMD="ssh $REMOTE_PORT_OPTION root@${REMOTE_HOST} command -v" + +LOCAL=0 +REMOTE=1 +DO_REMOTE=$LOCAL # boolean to use for cmd() and tests + +# 1KB +K="1024" + +show_help() { + echo "Usage: + ${0} <options> + +General options: + -b, --backup-image <path> + Backup image to write unconditionally at end of testing. + -h, --help + Show this message. + -l, --layout-file <path> + Layout file (required if mode is \"layout\", resides locally). + -m, --mode <arg> + Region access mode (clobber, descriptor, flashmap, layout). + -n, --new <path> + Path to new version of flashrom. + -o, --old <path> + Path to old (stable) version of flashrom. + -p, --primary-programmer <parameters> + Primary programmer options. + -r, --remote-host <host> + Remote host to test primary programmer on. + -s, --secondary-programmer <parameters> + Secondary programmer options. + -u, --upload-results + Upload results to flashrom.org. + +Long options: + --descriptor-region <name> + Specify region to use in descriptor mode (default: $DESCRIPTOR_REGION) + --fmap-region <name> + Specify region to use in flashmap mode (default: $FLASHMAP_REGION) + --layout-region <name> + Specify region to use in layout mode (default: $LAYOUT_REGION) + --no-clean + Do not remove temporary files. + --skip-consistency-check + Skip the consistency check (two consecutive reads) at beginning. + --small-region + Omit tests that require large amounts of space (>16KB). + +Remote connectivity options: + --ssh-port <port> + Use a specific SSH port. + +See documentation for usage examples (TODO: Migrate https://goo.gl/3jNoL7 +to flashrom wiki). +" +} + +getopt -T +if [ $? -ne 4 ]; then + echo "GNU-compatible getopt(1) required." + exit $EXIT_FAILURE +fi + +LONGOPTS="backup-image:,help,,new:,old:,remote-host:,upload-results:" +LONGOPTS="${LONGOPTS},primary-programmer:,secondary-programmer:" +LONGOPTS="${LONGOPTS},skip-consistency-check" +LONGOPTS="${LONGOPTS},mode:,clobber,descriptor,flashmap,layout,small-region" +LONGOPTS="${LONGOPTS},layout-file:,desctriptor-region:,flashmap-region:,layout-region:" +LONGOPTS="${LONGOPTS},no-clean" +LONGOPTS="${LONGOPTS},ssh-port:" + +ARGS=$(getopt -o b:hl:m:n:o:p:r:s:u -l "$LONGOPTS" -n "$0" -- "$@"); +if [ $? != 0 ] ; then echo "Terminating..." >&2 ; exit 1 ; fi +eval set -- "$ARGS" +while true ; do + case "$1" in + # Generic options + -b|--backup-image) + shift + BACKUP_IMAGE="$1" + ;; + -h|--help) + show_help + exit $EXIT_SUCCESS + ;; + -l|--layout-file) + shift + LAYOUT_FILE="$1" + ;; + -m|--mode) + shift + if [ "$1" == "clobber" ]; then + REGION_MODE=$REGION_MODE_CLOBBER + elif [ "$1" == "descriptor" ]; then + REGION_MODE=$REGION_MODE_DESCRIPTOR + elif [ "$1" == "flashmap" ]; then + REGION_MODE=$REGION_MODE_FLASHMAP + elif [ "$1" == "layout" ]; then + REGION_MODE=$REGION_MODE_LAYOUT + else + echo "Unknown mode: $1" + exit $EXIT_FAILURE + fi + ;; + -n|--new) + shift + NEW_FLASHROM="$1" + ;; + -o|--old) + shift + OLD_FLASHROM="$1" + ;; + -p|--primary_programmer) + shift + PRIMARY_OPTS="-p $1" + ;; + -s|--secondary_programmer) + shift + SECONDARY_OPTS="-p $1" + ;; + -r|--remote-host) + DO_REMOTE=1 + shift + REMOTE_HOST="$1" + ;; + -u|--upload-results) + UPLOAD_RESULTS=1 + ;; + + # Longopts only + --descriptor-region) + shift + DESCRIPTOR_REGION="$1" + ;; + --flashmap-region) + shift + FLASHMAP_REGION="$1" + ;; + --layout-region) + shift + LAYOUT_REGION="$1" + ;; + --no-clean) + NO_CLEAN=1 + ;; + --skip-consistency-check) + SKIP_CONSISTENCY_CHECK=1 + ;; + + # Remote testing options + --ssh-port) + shift + REMOTE_PORT_OPTION="-p $1" + ;; + + # error handling + --) + shift + if [ -n "$*" ]; then + echo "Non-option parameters detected: '$*'" + exit $EXIT_FAILURE + fi + break + ;; + *) + echo "error processing options at '$1'" + exit $EXIT_FAILURE + esac + shift +done + +# TODO: Implement this. +if [ $UPLOAD_RESULTS -eq 1 ]; then + echo "TODO: Implement ability to upload results." + exit $EXIT_FAILURE +fi + +# +# Source helper scripts +# +export REMOTE_HOST REMOTE_PORT_OPTION +export LOCAL REMOTE FATAL NONFATAL EXIT_SUCCESS EXIT_FAILURE +. "$(pwd)/tests/tests_v2/cmd.sh" + +# +# Test command-line validity. +# +if [ $REGION_MODE -eq $REGION_MODE_UNKNOWN ]; then + echo "Must specify a region access mode (-m/--mode)." + exit $EXIT_FAILURE +elif [ $REGION_MODE -eq $REGION_MODE_LAYOUT ]; then + if [ -z "$LAYOUT_FILE" ]; then + echo "Must specify a layout file when using layout mode." + exit $EXIT_FAILURE + fi + + scmd $DO_REMOTE "stat $LAYOUT_FILE" + if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then + if [ $DO_REMOTE -eq 1 ]; then + tmp=" on remote host $REMOTE_HOST." + else + tmp=" on local host." + fi + echo "Layout file $LAYOUT_FILE not found${TMP}" + exit $EXIT_FAILURE + fi + + if [ $DO_REMOTE -eq 1 ]; then + scp root@"${REMOTE_HOST}:$LAYOUT_FILE" "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/" 2>&1 >/dev/null + fi +fi + +if [ $DO_REMOTE -eq 1 ]; then + # Test connection to remote host + test_cmd $DO_REMOTE "ls /" $NONFATAL + if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then + echo "Could not connect to remote host $REMOTE_HOST" + exit $EXIT_FAILURE + fi +fi + +# +# Dependencies +# + +# cmp is used to compare files +test_cmd $DO_REMOTE "cmp" $FATAL + +if [ ! -e "/dev/urandom" ]; then + echo "This script uses /dev/urandom" + exit $EXIT_FAILURE +fi + +if [ ! -e "/dev/zero" ]; then + echo "This script uses /dev/zero" + exit $EXIT_FAILURE +fi + +# +# Setup. +# +grep -rH 'projectname = .*flashrom' .git/config >/dev/null 2>&1 +if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then + echo "Script must be run from root of flashrom directory" + exit $EXIT_FAILURE +fi + +if [ -z "$OLD_FLASHROM" ]; then + OLD_FLASHROM="$DEFAULT_FLASHROM_PATH" +fi +test_cmd $DO_REMOTE "$OLD_FLASHROM --help" $NONFATAL +if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then + echo "Old flashrom binary is not usable." + exit $EXIT_FAILURE +fi + +# Setup temporary working directories: +# LOCAL_TMPDIR: Working directory on local host. +# REMOTE_TMPDIR: Working directory on remote host. +# TMPDIR: The temporary directy in which we do most of the work. This is +# convenient for commands that depend on $DO_REMOTE. +LOCAL_TMPDIR=$(mktemp -d --tmpdir flashrom_test.XXXXXXXX) +if [ $? -ne 0 ] ; then + echo "Could not create temporary directory" + exit $EXIT_FAILURE +fi + +if [ $DO_REMOTE -eq 1 ]; then + REMOTE_TMPDIR=$(ssh root@${REMOTE_HOST} mktemp -d --tmpdir flashrom_test.XXXXXXXX) + if [ $? -ne 0 ] ; then + echo "Could not create temporary directory" + exit $EXIT_FAILURE + fi +fi + +if [ $DO_REMOTE -eq 0 ]; then + TMPDIR="$LOCAL_TMPDIR" +else + TMPDIR="$REMOTE_TMPDIR" +fi + +# Copy files from local tmpdir to remote host tmpdir +copy_to_remote() +{ + for F in $@; do + scp "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/$F" root@"${REMOTE_HOST}:${REMOTE_TMPDIR}" 2>&1 >/dev/null + done +} + +# Copy files from remote host tmpdir to local tmpdir +copy_from_remote() +{ + for F in $@; do + scp root@"${REMOTE_HOST}:${REMOTE_TMPDIR}/$F" "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/" 2>&1 >/dev/null + done +} + +# Read current image as backup in case one hasn't already been specified. +if [ -z "$BACKUP_IMAGE" ]; then + backup_file="backup.bin" + if [ $DO_REMOTE -eq 1 ]; then + BACKUP_IMAGE="${REMOTE_TMPDIR}/${backup_file}" + else + BACKUP_IMAGE="${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/${backup_file}" + fi + + scmd $DO_REMOTE "$OLD_FLASHROM $PRIMARY_OPTS -r $BACKUP_IMAGE" + if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then + echo "Failed to read backup image, aborting." + exit $EXIT_FAILURE + fi + + if [ $DO_REMOTE -eq 1 ]; then + copy_from_remote "${backup_file}" + fi +else + if [ $DO_REMOTE -eq 1 ]; then + scmd $DO_REMOTE "cp $BACKUP_IMAGE ${REMOTE_TMPDIR}" + copy_from_remote "$(basename $BACKUP_IMAGE)" + fi +fi + +# The copy of flashrom to test. If unset, we'll assume the user wants to test +# a newly built flashrom binary in the current directory. +if [ -z "$NEW_FLASHROM" ] ; then + if [ -x "flashrom" ]; then + NEW_FLASHROM="flashrom" + else + echo "Must supply new flashrom version to test" + exit $EXIT_FAILURE + fi +fi + +echo "Stable flashrom binary: $OLD_FLASHROM" +echo "New flashrom binary to test: $NEW_FLASHROM" +echo "Local temporary files will be stored in $LOCAL_TMPDIR" +if [ $DO_REMOTE -eq 1 ]; then + echo "Remote temporary files will be stored in ${REMOTE_HOST}:${REMOTE_TMPDIR}" + echo "Backup image: ${REMOTE_HOST}:${BACKUP_IMAGE}" + echo "Backup image also stored at: ${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/$(basename ${BACKUP_IMAGE})" +else + echo "Backup image: ${BACKUP_IMAGE}" +fi + +# +# Now the fun begins. +# +cmd $DO_REMOTE "$NEW_FLASHROM $PRIMARY_OPTS --get-size" "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/chip_size.txt" +tmp=$(cat ${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/chip_size.txt) +cmd $DO_REMOTE "$OLD_FLASHROM $PRIMARY_OPTS --get-size" "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/chip_size.txt" +CHIP_SIZE=$(cat ${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/chip_size.txt) +CHIP_SIZE_KB=$(($CHIP_SIZE / $K)) +if [ $CHIP_SIZE -ne $tmp ]; then + echo "New flashrom and old flashrom disagree on chip size. Aborting." + exit $EXIT_FAILURE +else + echo "Chip size: ${CHIP_SIZE_KB} KiB" +fi + +# Upload results +#do_upload() +#{ +# # TODO: implement this +#} + +# Remove temporary files +do_cleanup() +{ + if [ $NO_CLEAN -eq 1 ]; then + echo "Skipping cleanup." + return $EXIT_SUCCESS + fi + + rm -rf "$LOCAL_TMPDIR" + if [ -n "$REMOTE_HOST" ]; then + ssh root@${REMOTE_HOST} rm -rf "${REMOTE_TMPDIR}" + fi + + return $EXIT_SUCCESS +} + +# $1: Message to display to user. +test_fail() +{ + echo "$1" + do_cleanup + exit $EXIT_FAILURE +} + +write_backup_image() +{ + scmd $DO_REMOTE "$OLD_FLASHROM $PRIMARY_OPTS -w $BACKUP_IMAGE" +} + +# Read a region twice and compare results +# $1: address of region (in bytes) +# $2: length of region (in bytes) +double_read_test() +{ + local cmp1="${TMPDIR}/cmp1.bin" + local cmp2="${TMPDIR}/cmp2.bin" + local layout="double_read_test_layout.txt" + + printf "Doing double read test, size: %u KiB\n" $(($2 / $K)) + # FIXME: Figure out how to do printf remotely... + printf "%06x:%06x region\n" $1 $(($1 + $2 - 1)) > "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/${layout}" + if [ $DO_REMOTE -eq 1 ]; then copy_to_remote "$layout" ; fi + + scmd $DO_REMOTE "$NEW_FLASHROM $PRIMARY_OPTS -r -l ${TMPDIR}/${layout} --ignore-fmap -i region:$cmp1" + scmd $DO_REMOTE "$NEW_FLASHROM $PRIMARY_OPTS -r -l ${TMPDIR}/${layout} --ignore-fmap -i region:$cmp2" + scmd $DO_REMOTE "cmp $cmp1 $cmp2" + if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then + test_fail "Double-read test failed, aborting." + fi +} + +# Regional partial write test. Given a region name, this will write patterns +# of bytes designed to test corner cases. +# +# We assume that eraseable block size can be either 4KB or 64KB and +# must test for both. For simplicity, we'll assume the region size is +# at least 256KB. +# +# $1: Region name +partial_write_test() +{ + local opts="--fast-verify" + local layout="partial_write_test_layout.txt" + local region_size=0 + local align_size_kb=0 + local region_name="$1" + local filename="" + local offset_kb=0 + local size_kb=0 + local test_num=0 + local prev_test_num=0 + + if [ $REGION_MODE -ne $REGION_MODE_FLASHMAP ]; then + opts="$opts --ignore-fmap" + fi + + if [ $REGION_MODE -eq $REGION_MODE_LAYOUT ]; then + opts="$opts -l $LAYOUT_FILE" + elif [ $REGION_MODE -eq $REGION_MODE_CLOBBER ]; then + printf "000000:%06x RW\n" $(($CHIP_SIZE - 1)) > "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/clobber_mode_layout.txt" + if [ $DO_REMOTE -eq 1 ]; then + copy_to_remote "clobber_mode_layout.txt" + fi + opts="$opts -l ${TMPDIR}/clobber_mode_layout.txt" + fi + + if [ $SMALL_REGION -eq 1 ]; then + align_size_kb=16 + else + align_size_kb=256 + fi + + # FIXME: Add sanity checks. + + echo "Doing region-based partial write test on region \"$region_name\"" + scmd $DO_REMOTE "$OLD_FLASHROM $PRIMARY_OPTS $opts -r -i ${region_name}:${TMPDIR}/${region_name}.bin" + if [ $DO_REMOTE -eq 1 ]; then + copy_from_remote "${region_name}.bin" + fi + + region_size=$(stat --format=%s ${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/${region_name}.bin) + if [ $region_size -lt $(($align_size_kb * $K)) ]; then + echo "Region $region_name is too small" + return $EXIT_FAILURE + fi + + if [ $(($region_size % $(($align_size_kb * $K)))) -ne 0 ]; then + echo "Region $region_name is not aligned to ${align_size}KB" + return $EXIT_FAILURE + fi + + # Test procedure: + # Clobber region with random content first. Then do writes using the + # following sequences for each 128KB: + # 0-2K : 0x00 (\000) Partial 4KB sector, lower half + # 2K-6K : 0x11 (\021) Crossover 4KB sector boundary + # 6K-8K : 0x22 (\042) Partial 4KB sector, upper half + # 8K-16K : 0x33 (\063) Full 4KB sectors + # + # Repeat the above sequence for 64KB-aligned sizes + # 0-32K : 0x44 (\104) Partial 64KB block, lower half + # 32K-96K : 0x55 (\125) Crossover 64KB block boundary + # 96K-128K : 0x66 (\146) Partial 64KB block, upper half + # 128K-256K : 0x77 (\167) Full 64KB blocks + + test_num=0 + dd if=/dev/urandom of="${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/random_4k_test.bin" bs=4k count=$(($region_size / $((4 * $K)))) 2>/dev/null + + # 0-2K : 0x00 (\000) Partial 4KB sector, lower half + offset_kb=0 + size_kb=2 + hex="0x00" + oct="\\$(printf "%03o" $hex)" + cp "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/random_4k_test.bin" "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/4k_test_${test_num}.bin" + while [ $(($offset_kb * $K)) -lt $region_size ]; do + dd if=/dev/zero bs=1k count=$size_kb 2>/dev/null | tr "\000" "$oct" > "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/${hex}_${size_kb}k.bin" + dd if="${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/${hex}_${size_kb}k.bin" of="${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/4k_test_${test_num}.bin" bs=1k count=${size_kb} seek=${offset_kb} conv=notrunc 2>/dev/null + offset_kb=$(($offset_kb + $align_size_kb)) + done + prev_test_num=$test_num + test_num=$(($test_num + 1)) + + # 2K-6K : 0x11 (\021) Crossover 4KB sector boundary + offset_kb=2 + size_kb=4 + hex="0x11" + oct="\\$(printf "%03o" $hex)" + cp "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/4k_test_${prev_test_num}.bin" "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/4k_test_${test_num}.bin" + while [ $(($offset_kb * $K)) -lt $region_size ]; do + dd if=/dev/zero bs=1k count=$size_kb 2>/dev/null | tr "\000" "$oct" > "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/${hex}_${size_kb}k.bin" + dd if="${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/${hex}_${size_kb}k.bin" of="${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/4k_test_${test_num}.bin" bs=1k count=${size_kb} seek=${offset_kb} conv=notrunc 2>/dev/null + offset_kb=$(($offset_kb + $align_size_kb)) + done + test_num=$(($test_num + 1)) + + # 6K-8K : 0x22 (\042) Partial 4KB sector, upper half + offset_kb=2 + size_kb=4 + hex="0x11" + oct="\\$(printf "%03o" $hex)" + cp "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/4k_test_${prev_test_num}.bin" "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/4k_test_${test_num}.bin" + while [ $(($offset_kb * $K)) -lt $region_size ]; do + dd if=/dev/zero bs=1k count=$size_kb 2>/dev/null | tr "\000" "$oct" > "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/${hex}_${size_kb}k.bin" + dd if="${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/${hex}_${size_kb}k.bin" of="${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/4k_test_${test_num}.bin" bs=1k count=${size_kb} seek=${offset_kb} conv=notrunc 2>/dev/null + offset_kb=$(($offset_kb + $align_size_kb)) + done + test_num=$(($test_num + 1)) + + # 8K-16K : 0x33 (\063) Full 4KB sectors + offset_kb=8 + size_kb=8 + hex="0x22" + oct="\\$(printf "%03o" $hex)" + cp "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/4k_test_${prev_test_num}.bin" "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/4k_test_${test_num}.bin" + while [ $(($offset_kb * $K)) -lt $region_size ]; do + dd if=/dev/zero bs=1k count=$size_kb 2>/dev/null | tr "\000" "$oct" > "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/${hex}_${size_kb}k.bin" + dd if="${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/${hex}_${size_kb}k.bin" of="${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/4k_test_${test_num}.bin" bs=1k count=${size_kb} seek=${offset_kb} conv=notrunc 2>/dev/null + offset_kb=$(($offset_kb + $align_size_kb)) + done + test_num=$(($test_num + 1)) + + for F in ${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/random_4k_test.bin ${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/4k_test_*.bin ; do + filename=$(basename $F) + if [ $DO_REMOTE -eq 1 ]; then + copy_to_remote $filename + fi + + scmd $DO_REMOTE "$NEW_FLASHROM $PRIMARY_OPTS $opts -w -i ${region_name}:${TMPDIR}/${filename}" + if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then + test_fail "Failed to write $filename to $region_name" + fi + + scmd $DO_REMOTE "$OLD_FLASHROM $PRIMARY_OPTS $opts -v -i ${region_name}:${TMPDIR}/${filename}" + if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then + test_fail "Failed to verify write of $filename to $region_name" + fi + + if [ -n "$SECONDARY_OPTS" ]; then + scmd $LOCAL "$OLD_FLASHROM $SECONDARY_OPTS $opts -v -i ${region_name}:${TMPDIR}/${filename}" + if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then + test_fail "Failed to verify write of $filename to $region_name using secondary programmer" + fi + fi + + printf "\tWrote $filename to $region_name region successfully.\n" + done + + if [ $SMALL_REGION -eq 1 ]; then + return $EXIT_SUCCESS + fi + + # + # Second half: Tests for 64KB chunks + # + test_num=0 + dd if=/dev/urandom of="${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/random_64k_test.bin" bs=128k count=$(($region_size / $((128*$K)))) 2>/dev/null + + # 0-32K : 0x44 (\104) Partial 64KB block, lower half + offset_kb=0 + size_kb=32 + hex="0x44" + oct="\\$(printf "%03o" $hex)" + cp "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/random_64k_test.bin" "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/64k_test_${test_num}.bin" + while [ $(($offset_kb * $K)) -lt $region_size ]; do + dd if=/dev/zero bs=1k count=$size_kb 2>/dev/null | tr "\000" "$oct" > "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/${hex}_${size_kb}k.bin" + dd if="${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/${hex}_${size_kb}k.bin" of="${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/64k_test_${test_num}.bin" bs=1k count=${size_kb} seek=${offset_kb} conv=notrunc 2>/dev/null + offset_kb=$(($offset_kb + $align_size_kb)) + done + prev_test_num=$test_num + test_num=$(($test_num + 1)) + + # 32K-96K : 0x55 (\125) Crossover 64KB block boundary + offset_kb=32 + size_kb=64 + hex="0x55" + oct="\\$(printf "%03o" $hex)" + cp "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/64k_test_${prev_test_num}.bin" "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/64k_test_${test_num}.bin" + while [ $(($offset_kb * $K)) -lt $region_size ]; do + dd if=/dev/zero bs=1k count=$size_kb 2>/dev/null | tr "\000" "$oct" > "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/${hex}_${size_kb}k.bin" + dd if="${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/${hex}_${size_kb}k.bin" of="${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/64k_test_${test_num}.bin" bs=1k count=${size_kb} seek=${offset_kb} conv=notrunc 2>/dev/null + offset_kb=$(($offset_kb + $align_size_kb)) + done + test_num=$(($test_num + 1)) + + # 96K-128K : 0x66 (\146) Partial 64KB block, upper half + offset_kb=96 + size_kb=32 + hex="0x66" + oct="\\$(printf "%03o" $hex)" + cp "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/64k_test_${prev_test_num}.bin" "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/64k_test_${test_num}.bin" + while [ $(($offset_kb * $K)) -lt $region_size ]; do + dd if=/dev/zero bs=1k count=$size_kb 2>/dev/null | tr "\000" "$oct" > "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/${hex}_${size_kb}k.bin" + dd if="${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/${hex}_${size_kb}k.bin" of="${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/64k_test_${test_num}.bin" bs=1k count=${size_kb} seek=${offset_kb} conv=notrunc 2>/dev/null + offset_kb=$(($offset_kb + $align_size_kb)) + done + test_num=$(($test_num + 1)) + + # 128K-256K : 0x77 (\167) Full 64KB blocks + offset_kb=128 + size_kb=128 + hex="0x77" + oct="\\$(printf "%03o" $hex)" + cp "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/64k_test_${prev_test_num}.bin" "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/64k_test_${test_num}.bin" + while [ $(($offset_kb * $K)) -lt $region_size ]; do + dd if=/dev/zero bs=1k count=$size_kb 2>/dev/null | tr "\000" "$oct" > "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/${hex}_${size_kb}k.bin" + dd if="${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/${hex}_${size_kb}k.bin" of="${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/64k_test_${test_num}.bin" bs=1k count=${size_kb} seek=${offset_kb} conv=notrunc 2>/dev/null + offset_kb=$(($offset_kb + $align_size_kb)) + done + + for F in ${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/random_64k_test.bin ${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/64k_test_*.bin ; do + filename=$(basename $F) + if [ $DO_REMOTE -eq 1 ]; then + copy_to_remote $filename + fi + + scmd $DO_REMOTE "$NEW_FLASHROM $PRIMARY_OPTS $opts -w -i ${region_name}:${TMPDIR}/${filename}" + if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then + test_fail "Failed to write $filename to $region_name" + fi + + scmd $DO_REMOTE "$OLD_FLASHROM $PRIMARY_OPTS $opts -v -i ${region_name}:${TMPDIR}/${filename}" + if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then + test_fail "Failed to verify write of $filename to $region_name" + fi + + if [ -n "$SECONDARY_OPTS" ]; then + scmd $LOCAL "$OLD_FLASHROM $SECONDARY_OPTS $opts -v -i ${region_name}:${TMPDIR}/${filename}" + if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then + test_fail "Failed to verify write of $filename to $region_name using secondary programmer" + fi + fi + + printf "\tWrote $filename to $region_name region successfully.\n" + done + + return $EXIT_SUCCESS +} + +# Do a consistency check for sanity before any other test. +if [ $SKIP_CONSISTENCY_CHECK -eq 0 ]; then + double_read_test 0 $CHIP_SIZE +fi + +if [ $REGION_MODE -eq $REGION_MODE_CLOBBER ]; then + random_file="${TMPDIR}/random_${CHIP_SIZE_KB}K.bin" + cmp_file="${TMPDIR}/cmp.bin" + + scmd $DO_REMOTE "dd if=/dev/urandom of=$random_file bs=1k count=${CHIP_SIZE_KB}" + scmd $DO_REMOTE "$NEW_FLASHROM $PRIMARY_OPTS -w $random_file" + scmd $DO_REMOTE "$OLD_FLASHROM $PRIMARY_OPTS -r $cmp_file" + scmd $DO_REMOTE "cmp $random_file $cmp_file" + if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then + write_backup_image + test_fail "Failed to clobber entire ROM." + fi + scmd $DO_REMOTE "rm -f $cmp_file $random_file" + + partial_write_test "RW" + if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then + echo "Layout mode test failed" + RC=$EXIT_FAILURE + fi +elif [ $REGION_MODE -eq $REGION_MODE_DESCRIPTOR ]; then + # FIXME: This depends on descriptor regions being translated into internal + # layout representation automatically so we can target them using -i. + echo "TODO: Descriptor mode" + exit $EXIT_FAILURE +elif [ $REGION_MODE -eq $REGION_MODE_FLASHMAP ]; then + partial_write_test "$FLASHMAP_REGION" 0 + if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then + echo "Flashmap mode test failed" + RC=$EXIT_FAILURE + fi +elif [ $REGION_MODE -eq $REGION_MODE_LAYOUT ]; then + rw_layout="" + addr="" + end="" + size="" + + # Look for a region named "RW" with any amount of leading whitespace + # and no trailing whitespace or characters. + rw_layout=$(grep "\s${LAYOUT_REGION}$" $LAYOUT_FILE | head -n 1) + if [ -z "$rw_layout" ]; then + printf "No region matching \"${LAYOUT_REGION}\" found layout file \"%s\"\n" "$LAYOUT_FILE" + test_fail "" + fi + + addr="0x$(echo "$rw_layout" | cut -d ' ' -f -1 | awk -F ':' '{ print $1 }')" + end="0x$(echo "$rw_layout" | cut -d ' ' -f -1 | awk -F ':' '{ print $2 }')" + size="$(($end - $addr + 1))" + + printf "\"$LAYOUT_REGION\" region address: ${addr}, size: %u KiB\n" $(($size / $K)) + partial_write_test "$LAYOUT_REGION" + if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then + echo "Layout mode test failed" + RC=$EXIT_FAILURE + fi +fi + +# restore and cleanup +write_backup_image +do_cleanup + +if [ $RC -eq 0 ]; then + echo "Test status: PASS" +else + echo "Test status: FAIL" +fi + +exit $RC -- 2.6.0

1 0

Re: [flashrom] RFC: New testing script with remote test capabilities and region awareness
by Stefan Tauner 05 Jul '16

05 Jul '16

On Mon, 4 Jul 2016 22:22:29 -0700 David Hendricks <dhendrix(a)chromium.org> wrote: > Hi folks, > As part of an effort underway to get chromium.org's flashrom sync'd with > upstream (for real), I have written an entirely new test script to help get > thru regression testing. It's still rather fugly and will likely go thru > several more revisions, but is currently usable for all major use cases I > could think of and would benefit from some early feedback. > > I wrote up a document with usage examples here: https://goo.gl/3jNoL7 . > Long-term the plan is to migrate this to the flashrom wiki. > > There were a few "must haves" for this script in the near-term: > - Region awareness. The script understands how to use layout files and > flashmaps (for Chromebooks). Descriptor awareness is on the TODO list for > Intel platforms. > - Can control flashrom on a remote host. > - Can utilize an external programmer in addition to the native programmer > on the target machine. This allows us to verify changes made to programmer > code since one programmer can be considered to be trusted while the other > can have code that was modified. Cool, something like that is on my long-term todo list... (with some additional test stand hardware). I don't have time to look at the code right now so just some quick question: the primary/secondary programmer scheme is used to verify one while the other is used as kind of golden sample, right? It might make sense to not limit this to two programmers but have one golden sample and an unlimited programmers to actually test. (The hardware i was talking about above would be a PCB that can be remotely cross-switched between any of the attached programmers and multiple flash chips (e.g. one at45db, several ordinary *25*, some newer *25* with 4B addressing etc.) -- Kind regards/Mit freundlichen Grüßen, Stefan Tauner

2 1

RFC: New testing script with remote test capabilities and region awareness
by David Hendricks 05 Jul '16

05 Jul '16

Hi folks, As part of an effort underway to get chromium.org's flashrom sync'd with upstream (for real), I have written an entirely new test script to help get thru regression testing. It's still rather fugly and will likely go thru several more revisions, but is currently usable for all major use cases I could think of and would benefit from some early feedback. I wrote up a document with usage examples here: https://goo.gl/3jNoL7 . Long-term the plan is to migrate this to the flashrom wiki. There were a few "must haves" for this script in the near-term: - Region awareness. The script understands how to use layout files and flashmaps (for Chromebooks). Descriptor awareness is on the TODO list for Intel platforms. - Can control flashrom on a remote host. - Can utilize an external programmer in addition to the native programmer on the target machine. This allows us to verify changes made to programmer code since one programmer can be considered to be trusted while the other can have code that was modified. Longer-term goals include performance testing and flash endurance testing. We might also add write-protect testing, though there's an open question of whether that would be better in another script or as a whitebox test (more on that later...). Here's the patch as of revision #14 on chromium.org's gerrit server: https://chromium-review.googlesource.com/#/c/353912/ As in the gerrit message, Signed-off-by: David Hendricks < dhendrix(a)chromium.org> >From 353aa26a174d9beb1ec886f7f752473f94023ed8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: David Hendricks <dhendrix(a)chromium.org> Date: Sun, 19 Jun 2016 12:53:22 -0700 Subject: [PATCH] WIP: New test script for flashrom ** work in progress ** Shiny new testing capabilities for Flashrom: - Region awareness - Remote testing - Primary and secondary programmer support - Autotest-friendly Long-term goals: - Performance measurement - Endurance testing BUG=chromium:621715 BRANCH=none TEST=this *is* the test Change-Id: Ic643cf2edaf7d8772c63ce8119363d882d1b116d Signed-off-by: David Hendricks <dhendrix(a)chromium.org> --- tests/tests_v2/cmd.sh | 109 ++++++ tests/tests_v2/test_v2.sh | 909 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 2 files changed, 1018 insertions(+) create mode 100644 tests/tests_v2/cmd.sh create mode 100644 tests/tests_v2/test_v2.sh diff --git a/tests/tests_v2/cmd.sh b/tests/tests_v2/cmd.sh new file mode 100644 index 0000000..443ee2c --- /dev/null +++ b/tests/tests_v2/cmd.sh @@ -0,0 +1,109 @@ +#!/bin/sh +# +# This file is part of the flashrom project. It is derived from +# board_status.sh in coreboot. +# +# Copyright (C) 2016 Google Inc. +# Copyright (C) 2014 Sage Electronic Engineering, LLC. + +# test a command +# +# $1: 0 ($LOCAL) to run command locally, +# 1 ($REMOTE) to run remotely if remote host defined +# $2: command to test +# $3: 0 ($FATAL) Exit with an error if the command fails +# 1 ($NONFATAL) Don't exit on command test failure +test_cmd() +{ + local rc + local cmd__="$(echo $2 | cut -d ' ' -f -1)" + local args="$(echo $2 | cut -d ' ' -f 2-)" + + if [ -e "$cmd__" ]; then + return + fi + + if [ "$1" -eq "$REMOTE" ] && [ -n "$REMOTE_HOST" ]; then + ssh $REMOTE_PORT_OPTION root@${REMOTE_HOST} command -v "$cmd__" $args > /dev/null 2>&1 + rc=$? + else + command -v "$cmd__" $args >/dev/null 2>&1 + rc=$? + fi + + if [ $rc -eq 0 ]; then + return 0 + fi + + if [ "$3" = "1" ]; then + return 1 + fi + + echo "$2 not found" + exit $EXIT_FAILURE +} + +# Same args as cmd() but with the addition of $4 which determines if the +# command should be totally silenced or not. +_cmd() +{ + local silent=$4 + + if [ -n "$3" ]; then + pipe_location="${3}" + else + pipe_location="/dev/null" + fi + + if [ $1 -eq $REMOTE ] && [ -n "$REMOTE_HOST" ]; then + if [ $silent -eq 0 ]; then + ssh $REMOTE_PORT_OPTION "root@${REMOTE_HOST}" "$cmd $args" > "$pipe_location" 2>/dev/null + else + ssh $REMOTE_PORT_OPTION "root@${REMOTE_HOST}" "$cmd $args" > /dev/null 2>&1 + fi + else + if [ $silent -eq 0 ]; then + $2 > "$pipe_location" 2>/dev/null + else + $2 > /dev/null 2>&1 + fi + fi + + return $? +} + +# run a command +# +# $1: 0 ($LOCAL) to run command locally, +# 1 ($REMOTE) to run remotely if remote host defined +# $2: command +# $3: filename to direct output of command into +cmd() +{ + _cmd $1 "$2" "$3" 0 + + if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then + return + fi + + echo "Failed to run \"$2\", aborting" + rm -f "$3" # don't leave an empty file + exit $EXIT_FAILURE +} + +# run a command silently +# +# $1: 0 ($LOCAL) to run command locally, +# 1 ($REMOTE) to run remotely if remote host defined +# $2: command +scmd() +{ + _cmd $1 "$2" "" 1 + + if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then + return + fi + + echo "Failed to run \"$2\", aborting" + exit $EXIT_FAILURE +} diff --git a/tests/tests_v2/test_v2.sh b/tests/tests_v2/test_v2.sh new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5a8cb79 --- /dev/null +++ b/tests/tests_v2/test_v2.sh @@ -0,0 +1,909 @@ +#!/bin/sh +# +# Copyright (C) 2016 Google Inc. +# +# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify +# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by +# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or +# (at your option) any later version. +# +# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, +# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of +# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the +# GNU General Public License for more details. +# +# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License +# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software +# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA + +EXIT_SUCCESS=0 +EXIT_FAILURE=1 +RC=$EXIT_SUCCESS +FATAL=0 +NONFATAL=1 + +# For old flashrom version, if -o is not specified +DEFAULT_FLASHROM_PATH="/usr/local/sbin/flashrom" + +# +# Stuff obtained from command-line +# + +# Generic options +BACKUP_IMAGE="" +OLD_FLASHROM="" +NEW_FLASHROM="" +NO_CLEAN=0 +SKIP_CONSISTENCY_CHECK=0 +UPLOAD_RESULTS=0 + +# Primary/Secondary programmer options +PRIMARY_OPTS="" +SECONDARY_OPTS="" + +# Region modes +REGION_MODE_UNKNOWN=0 +REGION_MODE_CLOBBER=1 +REGION_MODE_DESCRIPTOR=2 +REGION_MODE_FLASHMAP=3 +REGION_MODE_LAYOUT=4 +REGION_MODE=$REGION_MODE_UNKNOWN +DESCRIPTOR_REGION="bios" +FLASHMAP_REGION="RW_SECTION_A" +LAYOUT_FILE="" +LAYOUT_REGION="RW" +SMALL_REGION=0 + +# Remote testing options +SSH_PORT="" +REMOTE_HOST="" +REMOTE_PORT_OPTION="" +REMOTE_ONLY=0 +REMOTE_PROGRAMMER_PARAMS="" +SSH_CMD="ssh $REMOTE_PORT_OPTION root@${REMOTE_HOST} command -v" + +LOCAL=0 +REMOTE=1 +DO_REMOTE=$LOCAL # boolean to use for cmd() and tests + +# For suppressing flashrom output +SILENT=">/dev/null 2>&1" + +# 1KB +K="1024" + +show_help() { + echo "Usage: + ${0} <options> + +General options: + -b, --backup-image + Backup image to write unconditionally at end of testing. + -h, --help + Show this message. + -l, --layout-file + Layout file (required if mode is \"layout\", resides locally). + -m, --mode <arg> + Region access mode (clobber, descriptor, flashmap, layout). + -n, --new <path> + Path to new version of flashrom. + -o, --old <path> + Path to old version of flashrom. + -p, --primary-programmer <parameters> + Primary programmer options. + -r, --remote-host <host> + Remote host to test primary programmer on. + -s, --secondary-programmer <parameters> + Secondary programmer options. + -u, --upload-results + Upload results to flashrom.org. + +Long options: + --descriptor-region + Specify region to use in descriptor mode (default: $DESCRIPTOR_REGION) + --fmap-region + Specify region to use in flashmap mode (default: $FLASHMAP_REGION) + --layout-region + Specify region to use in layout mode (default: $LAYOUT_REGION) + --no-clean + Do not remove temporary files. + --skip-consistency-check + Skip the consistency check (two consecutive reads) at beginning. + --small-region + Omit tests that require large amounts of space (>16KB). + +Remote connectivity options: + --ssh-port <port> + Use a specific SSH port. + +This script is intended to cover two possible test scenarios: +1. Test flashrom using primary programmer only (default). +2. Test flashrom using primary programmer and verify result using + a secondary programmer, for example, an external USB programmer. + +If a secondary programmer is provided, certain steps will be verified +using the secondary programmer. The secondary programmer must be +connected to the machine which is running this script. + +If a remote host is provided, this script will SSH into the remote +host and run tests using the primary programmer interface parameters +provided. + +See documentation for usage examples (TODO: write documentation) +" +} + +getopt -T +if [ $? -ne 4 ]; then + echo "GNU-compatible getopt(1) required." + exit $EXIT_FAILURE +fi + +LONGOPTS="backup-image:,help,,new:,old:,remote-host:,upload-results:" +LONGOPTS="${LONGOPTS},primary-programmer:,secondary-programmer:" +LONGOPTS="${LONGOPTS},skip-consistency-check" +LONGOPTS="${LONGOPTS},mode:,clobber,descriptor,flashmap,layout,small-region" +LONGOPTS="${LONGOPTS},layout-file:,desctriptor-region:,flashmap-region:,layout-region:" +LONGOPTS="${LONGOPTS},no-clean" +LONGOPTS="${LONGOPTS},ssh-port:" + +ARGS=$(getopt -o b:hl:m:n:o:p:r:s:u -l "$LONGOPTS" -n "$0" -- "$@"); +if [ $? != 0 ] ; then echo "Terminating..." >&2 ; exit 1 ; fi +eval set -- "$ARGS" +while true ; do + case "$1" in + # Generic options + -b|--backup-image) + shift + BACKUP_IMAGE="$1" + ;; + -h|--help) + show_help + exit $EXIT_SUCCESS + ;; + -l|--layout-file) + shift + LAYOUT_FILE="$1" + ;; + -m|--mode) + shift + if [ "$1" == "clobber" ]; then + REGION_MODE=$REGION_MODE_CLOBBER + elif [ "$1" == "descriptor" ]; then + REGION_MODE=$REGION_MODE_DESCRIPTOR + elif [ "$1" == "flashmap" ]; then + REGION_MODE=$REGION_MODE_FLASHMAP + elif [ "$1" == "layout" ]; then + REGION_MODE=$REGION_MODE_LAYOUT + else + echo "Unknown mode: $1" + exit $EXIT_FAILURE + fi + ;; + -n|--new) + shift + NEW_FLASHROM="$1" + ;; + -o|--old) + shift + OLD_FLASHROM="$1" + ;; + -p|--primary_programmer) + shift + PRIMARY_OPTS="-p $1" + ;; + -s|--secondary_programmer) + shift + SECONDARY_OPTS="-p $1" + ;; + -r|--remote-host) + DO_REMOTE=1 + shift + REMOTE_HOST="$1" + ;; + -u|--upload-results) + UPLOAD_RESULTS=1 + ;; + + # Longopts only + --descriptor-region) + shift + DESCRIPTOR_REGION="$1" + ;; + --flashmap-region) + shift + FLASHMAP_REGION="$1" + ;; + --layout-region) + shift + LAYOUT_REGION="$1" + ;; + --no-clean) + NO_CLEAN=1 + ;; + --skip-consistency-check) + SKIP_CONSISTENCY_CHECK=1 + ;; + + # Remote testing options + --ssh-port) + shift + REMOTE_PORT_OPTION="-p $1" + ;; + + # error handling + --) + shift + if [ -n "$*" ]; then + echo "Non-option parameters detected: '$*'" + exit $EXIT_FAILURE + fi + break + ;; + *) + echo "error processing options at '$1'" + exit $EXIT_FAILURE + esac + shift +done + +# TODO: Implement this. +if [ $UPLOAD_RESULTS -eq 1 ]; then + echo "TODO: Implement ability to upload results." + exit $EXIT_FAILURE +fi + +# +# Test command-line validity. +# +if [ $REGION_MODE -eq $REGION_MODE_UNKNOWN ]; then + echo "Must specify a region access mode (-m/--mode)." + exit $EXIT_FAILURE +elif [ $REGION_MODE -eq $REGION_MODE_LAYOUT ]; then + if [ ! -e "$LAYOUT_FILE" ]; then + echo "Must specify a layout file when using layout mode." + exit $EXIT_FAILURE + fi +fi + +# +# Source helper scripts +# +export REMOTE_HOST REMOTE_PORT_OPTION +export LOCAL REMOTE FATAL NONFATAL EXIT_SUCCESS EXIT_FAILURE +. "$(pwd)/tests/tests_v2/cmd.sh" + +if [ $DO_REMOTE -eq 1 ]; then + # Test connection to remote host + test_cmd $DO_REMOTE "ls /" $NONFATAL + if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then + echo "Could not connect to remote host $REMOTE_HOST" + exit $EXIT_FAILURE + fi +fi + +# +# Dependencies +# + +# cmp is used to compare files +test_cmd $DO_REMOTE "cmp" $FATAL + +if [ ! -e "/dev/urandom" ]; then + echo "This script uses /dev/urandom" + exit $EXIT_FAILURE +fi + +if [ ! -e "/dev/zero" ]; then + echo "This script uses /dev/zero" + exit $EXIT_FAILURE +fi + +# +# Setup. +# +grep -rH 'projectname = .*flashrom' .git/config >/dev/null 2>&1 +if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then + echo "Script must be run from root of flashrom directory" + exit $EXIT_FAILURE +fi + +if [ -z "$OLD_FLASHROM" ]; then + OLD_FLASHROM="$DEFAULT_FLASHROM_PATH" +fi +test_cmd $DO_REMOTE "$OLD_FLASHROM --help" $NONFATAL +if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then + echo "Old flashrom binary is not usable." + exit $EXIT_FAILURE +fi + +# +# Setup temporary working directories: +# LOCAL_TMPDIR: Working directory on local host. +# REMOTE_TMPDIR: Working directory on remote host. +# TMPDIR: The temporary directy in which we do most of the work. This is +# convenient for commands that depend on $DO_REMOTE. +LOCAL_TMPDIR=$(mktemp -d --tmpdir flashrom_test.XXXXXXXX) +if [ $? -ne 0 ] ; then + echo "Could not create temporary directory" + exit $EXIT_FAILURE +fi + +if [ $DO_REMOTE -eq 1 ]; then + REMOTE_TMPDIR=$(ssh root@${REMOTE_HOST} mktemp -d --tmpdir flashrom_test.XXXXXXXX) + if [ $? -ne 0 ] ; then + echo "Could not create temporary directory" + exit $EXIT_FAILURE + fi +fi + +if [ $DO_REMOTE -eq 0 ]; then + TMPDIR="$LOCAL_TMPDIR" +else + TMPDIR="$REMOTE_TMPDIR" +fi + +# Copy files from local tmpdir to remote host tmpdir +copy_to_remote() +{ + for F in $@; do + # FIXME: quoting for REMOTE_TMPDIR? + scp "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/$F" root@${REMOTE_HOST}:${REMOTE_TMPDIR} 2>&1 >/dev/null + done +} + +# Copy files from remote host tmpdir to local tmpdir +copy_from_remote() +{ + for F in $@; do + # FIXME: quoting for REMOTE_TMPDIR? + scp root@${REMOTE_HOST}:${REMOTE_TMPDIR}/$F "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/" 2>/dev/null + done +} + +# Read current image as backup in case one hasn't already been specified. +if [ -z "$BACKUP_IMAGE" ]; then + local backup_file="backup.bin" + if [ $DO_REMOTE -eq 1 ]; then + BACKUP_IMAGE="${REMOTE_TMPDIR}/${backup_file}" + else + BACKUP_IMAGE="${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/${backup_file}" + fi + + scmd $DO_REMOTE "$OLD_FLASHROM $PRIMARY_OPTS -r $BACKUP_IMAGE" + if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then + echo "Failed to read backup image, aborting." + exit $EXIT_FAILURE + fi + + if [ $DO_REMOTE -eq 1 ]; then + copy_from_remote "${backup_file}" + fi +fi + +# The copy of flashrom to test. If unset, we'll assume the user wants to test +# a newly built flashrom binary in the current directory. +if [ -z "$NEW_FLASHROM" ] ; then + if [ -x "flashrom" ]; then + NEW_FLASHROM="flashrom" + else + echo "Must supply new flashrom version to test" + exit $EXIT_FAILURE + fi +fi + +echo "Stable flashrom binary: $OLD_FLASHROM" +echo "New flashrom binary to test: $NEW_FLASHROM" +echo "Local temporary files will be stored in $LOCAL_TMPDIR" +if [ $DO_REMOTE -eq 1 ]; then + echo "Remote temporary files will be stored in ${REMOTE_HOST}:${REMOTE_TMPDIR}" +fi +echo "Backup image: $BACKUP_IMAGE" + +# +# Now the fun begins. +# +cmd $DO_REMOTE "$NEW_FLASHROM $PRIMARY_OPTS --get-size" "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/chip_size.txt" +tmp=$(cat ${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/chip_size.txt) +cmd $DO_REMOTE "$OLD_FLASHROM $PRIMARY_OPTS --get-size" "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/chip_size.txt" +CHIP_SIZE=$(cat ${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/chip_size.txt) +CHIP_SIZE_KB=$(($CHIP_SIZE / 1024)) +if [ $CHIP_SIZE -ne $tmp ]; then + echo "New flashrom and old flashrom disagree on chip size. Aborting." + exit $EXIT_FAILURE +else + echo "Chip size: ${CHIP_SIZE_KB} KiB" +fi + +# Upload results +#do_upload() +#{ +# # TODO: implement this +#} + +# Remove temporary files +do_cleanup() +{ + if [ $NO_CLEAN -eq 1 ]; then + echo "Skipping cleanup." + return $EXIT_SUCCESS + fi + + rm -rf "$LOCAL_TMPDIR" + if [ -n "$REMOTE_HOST" ]; then + ssh root@${REMOTE_HOST} rm -rf "${REMOTE_TMPDIR}" + fi + + return $EXIT_SUCCESS +} + +# $1: Message to display to user. +test_fail() +{ + echo "$1" + do_cleanup + exit $EXIT_FAILURE +} + +write_backup_image() +{ + scmd $DO_REMOTE "$OLD_FLASHROM $PRIMARY_OPTS -w $BACKUP_IMAGE" +} + +# Read a region twice and compare results +# $1: address of region (in bytes) +# $2: length of region (in bytes) +double_read_test() +{ + local cmp1="${TMPDIR}/cmp1.bin" + local cmp2="${TMPDIR}/cmp2.bin" + local layout="double_read_test_layout.txt" + + printf "Doing double read test, size: %u KiB\n" $(($2 / $K)) + # FIXME: Figure out how to do printf remotely... + printf "%06x:%06x region\n" $1 $(($1 + $2 - 1)) > "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/${layout}" + if [ $DO_REMOTE -eq 1 ]; then copy_to_remote "$layout" ; fi + + scmd $DO_REMOTE "$NEW_FLASHROM $PRIMARY_OPTS -r -l ${TMPDIR}/${layout} --ignore-fmap -i region:$cmp1" + scmd $DO_REMOTE "$NEW_FLASHROM $PRIMARY_OPTS -r -l ${TMPDIR}/${layout} --ignore-fmap -i region:$cmp2" + scmd $DO_REMOTE "cmp $cmp1 $cmp2" + if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then + test_fail "Double-read test failed, aborting." + fi +} + +# Simple partial write test. Given a region: +# - Write a sub-region within a single eraseable block. +# - Write a sub-region that crosses over into the next eraseable block. +# +# We assume that eraseable block size can be either 4KB or 64KB and +# must test for both. This means the given region must be at least 128KB. +# +# $1: region addr +# $2: region size (in bytes) +simple_partial_write_test() +{ + local addr="$1" + local size="$2" + local layout="simple_partial_write_test_layout.txt" + local random_2k_subregion="simple_partial_write_test_random_2k_subregion.bin" + local random_2k_crossover="simple_partial_write_test_random_2k_crossover.bin" + local random_32k_subregion="simple_partial_write_test_random_32k_subregion.bin" + local random_32k_crossover="simple_partial_write_test_random_32k_crossover.bin" + local whole_region="simple_partial_write_test_whole_region.bin" + local opts="--ignore-fmap -l ${TMPDIR}/${layout}" + +# FIXME: integer/string conversion +# if [ $size -lt 131072 ]; then +# test_fail "Region is not big enough for partial write test." +# fi +# +# if [ $(($addr + $size)) -gt $CHIP_SIZE ]; then +# test_fail "Region exceeds chip size." +# fi + + # FIXME: For now, assume the given region is aligned to 64KB. + + printf "Doing partial write test\n" + + # Create a layout file for regions we're interested in. + # FIXME: figure out how to do this using cmd + printf "%06x:%06x 4k_region\n" $addr $(($addr + 4*$K - 1)) >> "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/${layout}" + printf "%06x:%06x 2k_subregion\n" $(($addr + $K)) $(($addr + 4*$K - $K - 1)) >> "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/${layout}" + printf "%06x:%06x 2k_crossover\n" $(($addr + 4*$K - $K)) $(($addr + 4*$K + $K - 1)) >> "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/${layout}" + + printf "%06x:%06x 64k_region\n" $addr $(($addr + 64*$K - 1)) >> "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/${layout}" + printf "%06x:%06x 32k_subregion\n" $(($addr + 16*$K)) $(($addr + 64*$K - 16*$K - 1)) >> "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/${layout}" + printf "%06x:%06x 32k_crossover\n" $(($addr + 64*$K - 16*$K)) $(($addr + 64*$K + 16*$K - 1)) >> "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/${layout}" + + printf "%06x:%06x whole" $addr $(($addr + $size - 1)) >> "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/${layout}" + + dd if=/dev/urandom of=${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/${random_2k_subregion} bs=1k count=2 2>/dev/null + dd if=/dev/urandom of=${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/${random_2k_crossover} bs=1k count=2 2>/dev/null + dd if=/dev/urandom of=${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/${random_32k_subregion} bs=1k count=32 2>/dev/null + dd if=/dev/urandom of=${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/${random_32k_crossover} bs=1k count=32 2>/dev/null + + # Example for creating a file filled with 0xaa bytes: + # dd if=/dev/zero bs=1k count=2 | tr "\000" "\252" > "aa_2K.bin" + # Example to create file with 0xff bytes: + # dd if=/dev/zero bs=1k count=2 | tr "\000" "\377" > "ff_2k.bin" + + if [ $DO_REMOTE -eq 1 ]; then + copy_to_remote "${layout}" + copy_to_remote "${random_2k_subregion}" "${random_2k_crossover}" + copy_to_remote "${random_32k_subregion}" "${random_32k_crossover}" + fi + + # Create backup of region. This will be modified along with the ROM content, + # read back, and compared. + scmd $DO_REMOTE "$NEW_FLASHROM $PRIMARY_OPTS $opts -r -i whole:${TMPDIR}/${whole_region}" + + scmd $DO_REMOTE "dd if=${TMPDIR}/${random_2k_subregion} of=${TMPDIR}/${whole_region} bs=1 seek=$K conv=notrunc" + scmd $DO_REMOTE "$NEW_FLASHROM $PRIMARY_OPTS $opts -w --fast-verify -i 2k_subregion:${TMPDIR}/${random_2k_subregion}" + scmd $DO_REMOTE "$OLD_FLASHROM $PRIMARY_OPTS $opts -r -i 2k_subregion:${TMPDIR}/cmp.bin" + scmd $DO_REMOTE "cmp ${TMPDIR}/${random_2k_subregion} ${TMPDIR}/cmp.bin" + if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then + test_fail "Failed to verify partial write to 2k subregion." + else + printf "\t2k subregion test passed\n" + fi + + scmd $DO_REMOTE "dd if=${TMPDIR}/${random_2k_crossover} of=${TMPDIR}/${whole_region} bs=1 seek=$((4*$K - $K)) conv=notrunc" + scmd $DO_REMOTE "$NEW_FLASHROM $PRIMARY_OPTS $opts -w --fast-verify -i 2k_crossover:${TMPDIR}/${random_2k_crossover}" + scmd $DO_REMOTE "$OLD_FLASHROM $PRIMARY_OPTS $opts -r -i 2k_crossover:${TMPDIR}/cmp.bin" + scmd $DO_REMOTE "cmp ${TMPDIR}/${random_2k_crossover} ${TMPDIR}/cmp.bin" + if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then + test_fail "Failed to verify partial write to 2k crossover region." + else + printf "\t2k crossover region test passed\n" + fi + + if [ $SMALL_REGION -eq 0 ]; then + scmd $DO_REMOTE "dd if=${TMPDIR}/${random_32k_subregion} of=${TMPDIR}/${whole_region} bs=1 seek=$((16*$K)) conv=notrunc" + scmd $DO_REMOTE "$NEW_FLASHROM $PRIMARY_OPTS $opts -w --fast-verify -i 32k_subregion:${TMPDIR}/${random_32k_subregion}" + scmd $DO_REMOTE "$OLD_FLASHROM $PRIMARY_OPTS $opts -r -i 32k_subregion:${TMPDIR}/cmp.bin" + scmd $DO_REMOTE "cmp ${TMPDIR}/${random_32k_subregion} ${TMPDIR}/cmp.bin" + if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then + test_fail "Failed to verify partial write to 32k subregion." + else + printf "\t32k subregion test passed\n" + fi + + scmd $DO_REMOTE "dd if=${TMPDIR}/${random_32k_crossover} of=${TMPDIR}/${whole_region} bs=1 seek=$((64*$K - 16*$K)) conv=notrunc" + scmd $DO_REMOTE "$NEW_FLASHROM $PRIMARY_OPTS $opts -w --fast-verify -i 32k_crossover:${TMPDIR}/${random_32k_crossover}" + scmd $DO_REMOTE "$OLD_FLASHROM $PRIMARY_OPTS $opts -r -i 32k_crossover:${TMPDIR}/cmp.bin" + scmd $DO_REMOTE "cmp ${TMPDIR}/${random_32k_crossover} ${TMPDIR}/cmp.bin" + if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then + test_fail "Failed to verify partial write to 32k crossover region." + else + printf "\t32k crossover region test passed\n" + fi + fi + + scmd $DO_REMOTE "$NEW_FLASHROM $PRIMARY_OPTS $opts -r -i whole:${TMPDIR}/cmp.bin" + scmd $DO_REMOTE "cmp ${TMPDIR}/${whole_region} ${TMPDIR}/cmp.bin" + if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then + test_fail "Failed to verify correctness of final image." + fi + + if [ -n "$SECONDARY_ARGS" ]; then + if [ $DO_REMOTE -eq 1 ]; then + copy_from_remote "${whole_region}" + fi + + scmd $LOCAL "$OLD_FLASHROM $SECONDARY_OPTS $opts -r -i whole:${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/cmp.bin" + scmd $LOCAL "cmp ${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/${whole_region} ${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/cmp.bin" + if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then + test_fail "Failed to verify correctness of final image." + fi + fi + + return $EXIT_SUCCESS +} + +# Regional partial write test. Given a region name, this will write patterns +# of bytes designed to test corner cases. +# +# We assume that eraseable block size can be either 4KB or 64KB and +# must test for both. For simplicity, we'll assume the region size is +# at least 256KB. +# +# $1: Region name +region_partial_write_test() +{ + local opts="--fast-verify" + local layout="region_partial_write_test_layout.txt" + local region_size=0 + local align_size_kb=0 + local region_name="$1" + local filename="" + local offset_kb=0 + local size_kb=0 + local test_num=0 + local prev_test_num=0 + + # FIXME: Sanity checking: + # - Region must be aligned to 64KB + # - Region must be at least 128KB in size. + + if [ $REGION_MODE -ne $REGION_MODE_FLASHMAP ]; then + opts="$opts --ignore-fmap" + fi + + if [ $SMALL_REGION -eq 1 ]; then + align_size_kb=16 + else + align_size_kb=256 + fi + + echo "Doing region-based partial write test on region \"$region_name\"" + filename="${TMPDIR}/${region_name}.bin" + scmd $DO_REMOTE "$OLD_FLASHROM $PRIMARY_OPTS $opts -r -i ${region_name}:${filename}" + copy_from_remote "${region_name}.bin" + region_size=$(stat --format=%s ${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/${region_name}.bin) + + if [ $region_size -lt $(($align_size_kb * $K)) ]; then + echo "Region $region_name is too small" + return $EXIT_FAILURE + fi + + if [ $(($region_size % $(($align_size_kb * $K)))) -ne 0 ]; then + echo "Region $region_name is not aligned to ${align_size}KB" + return $EXIT_FAILURE + fi + + # Test procedure: + # Clobber region with random content first. Then do writes using the + # following sequences for each 128KB: + # 0-2K : 0x00 (\000) Partial 4KB sector, lower half + # 2K-6K : 0x11 (\021) Crossover 4KB sector boundary + # 6K-8K : 0x22 (\042) Partial 4KB sector, upper half + # 8K-16K : 0x33 (\063) Full 4KB sectors + # + # Repeat the above sequence for 64KB-aligned sizes + # 0-32K : 0x44 (\104) Partial 64KB block, lower half + # 32K-96K : 0x55 (\125) Crossover 64KB block boundary + # 96K-128K : 0x66 (\146) Partial 64KB block, upper half + # 128K-256K : 0x77 (\167) Full 64KB blocks + + test_num=0 + dd if=/dev/urandom of="${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/random_4k_test.bin" bs=4k count=$(($region_size / $((4 * $K)))) 2>/dev/null + + # 0-2K : 0x00 (\000) Partial 4KB sector, lower half + offset_kb=0 + size_kb=2 + hex="0x00" + oct="\\$(printf "%03o" $hex)" + cp "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/random_4k_test.bin" "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/4k_test_${test_num}.bin" + while [ $(($offset_kb * $K)) -lt $region_size ]; do + dd if=/dev/zero bs=1k count=$size_kb 2>/dev/null | tr "\000" "$oct" > "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/${hex}_${size_kb}k.bin" + dd if="${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/${hex}_${size_kb}k.bin" of="${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/4k_test_${test_num}.bin" bs=1k count=${size_kb} seek=${offset_kb} conv=notrunc 2>/dev/null + offset_kb=$(($offset_kb + $align_size_kb)) + done + prev_test_num=$test_num + test_num=$(($test_num + 1)) + + # 2K-6K : 0x11 (\021) Crossover 4KB sector boundary + offset_kb=2 + size_kb=4 + hex="0x11" + oct="\\$(printf "%03o" $hex)" + cp "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/4k_test_${prev_test_num}.bin" "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/4k_test_${test_num}.bin" + while [ $(($offset_kb * $K)) -lt $region_size ]; do + dd if=/dev/zero bs=1k count=$size_kb 2>/dev/null | tr "\000" "$oct" > "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/${hex}_${size_kb}k.bin" + dd if="${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/${hex}_${size_kb}k.bin" of="${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/4k_test_${test_num}.bin" bs=1k count=${size_kb} seek=${offset_kb} conv=notrunc 2>/dev/null + offset_kb=$(($offset_kb + $align_size_kb)) + done + test_num=$(($test_num + 1)) + + # 6K-8K : 0x22 (\042) Partial 4KB sector, upper half + offset_kb=2 + size_kb=4 + hex="0x11" + oct="\\$(printf "%03o" $hex)" + cp "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/4k_test_${prev_test_num}.bin" "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/4k_test_${test_num}.bin" + while [ $(($offset_kb * $K)) -lt $region_size ]; do + dd if=/dev/zero bs=1k count=$size_kb 2>/dev/null | tr "\000" "$oct" > "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/${hex}_${size_kb}k.bin" + dd if="${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/${hex}_${size_kb}k.bin" of="${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/4k_test_${test_num}.bin" bs=1k count=${size_kb} seek=${offset_kb} conv=notrunc 2>/dev/null + offset_kb=$(($offset_kb + $align_size_kb)) + done + test_num=$(($test_num + 1)) + + # 8K-16K : 0x33 (\063) Full 4KB sectors + offset_kb=8 + size_kb=8 + hex="0x22" + oct="\\$(printf "%03o" $hex)" + cp "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/4k_test_${prev_test_num}.bin" "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/4k_test_${test_num}.bin" + while [ $(($offset_kb * $K)) -lt $region_size ]; do + dd if=/dev/zero bs=1k count=$size_kb 2>/dev/null | tr "\000" "$oct" > "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/${hex}_${size_kb}k.bin" + dd if="${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/${hex}_${size_kb}k.bin" of="${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/4k_test_${test_num}.bin" bs=1k count=${size_kb} seek=${offset_kb} conv=notrunc 2>/dev/null + offset_kb=$(($offset_kb + $align_size_kb)) + done + test_num=$(($test_num + 1)) + + for F in ${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/random_4k_test.bin ${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/4k_test_*.bin ; do + filename=$(basename $F) + if [ $DO_REMOTE -eq 1 ]; then + copy_to_remote $filename + fi + + scmd $DO_REMOTE "$NEW_FLASHROM $PRIMARY_OPTS $opts -w -i ${region_name}:${TMPDIR}/${filename}" + if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then + test_fail "Failed to write $filename to $region_name" + fi + + scmd $DO_REMOTE "$OLD_FLASHROM $PRIMARY_OPTS $opts -v -i ${region_name}:${TMPDIR}/${filename}" + if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then + test_fail "Failed to verify write of $filename to $region_name" + fi + + if [ -n "$SECONDARY_OPTS" ]; then + scmd $LOCAL "$OLD_FLASHROM $SECONDARY_OPTS $opts -v -i ${region_name}:${TMPDIR}/${filename}" + if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then + test_fail "Failed to verify write of $filename to $region_name using secondary programmer" + fi + fi + + printf "\tWrote $filename to $region_name region successfully.\n" + done + + if [ $SMALL_REGION -eq 1 ]; then + return $EXIT_SUCCESS + fi + + # + # Second half: Tests for 64KB chunks + # + test_num=0 + dd if=/dev/urandom of="${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/random_64k_test.bin" bs=128k count=$(($region_size / $((128*$K)))) 2>/dev/null + + # 0-32K : 0x44 (\104) Partial 64KB block, lower half + offset_kb=0 + size_kb=32 + hex="0x44" + oct="\\$(printf "%03o" $hex)" + cp "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/random_64k_test.bin" "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/64k_test_${test_num}.bin" + while [ $(($offset_kb * $K)) -lt $region_size ]; do + dd if=/dev/zero bs=1k count=$size_kb 2>/dev/null | tr "\000" "$oct" > "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/${hex}_${size_kb}k.bin" + dd if="${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/${hex}_${size_kb}k.bin" of="${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/64k_test_${test_num}.bin" bs=1k count=${size_kb} seek=${offset_kb} conv=notrunc 2>/dev/null + offset_kb=$(($offset_kb + $align_size_kb)) + done + prev_test_num=$test_num + test_num=$(($test_num + 1)) + + # 32K-96K : 0x55 (\125) Crossover 64KB block boundary + offset_kb=32 + size_kb=64 + hex="0x55" + oct="\\$(printf "%03o" $hex)" + cp "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/64k_test_${prev_test_num}.bin" "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/64k_test_${test_num}.bin" + while [ $(($offset_kb * $K)) -lt $region_size ]; do + dd if=/dev/zero bs=1k count=$size_kb 2>/dev/null | tr "\000" "$oct" > "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/${hex}_${size_kb}k.bin" + dd if="${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/${hex}_${size_kb}k.bin" of="${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/64k_test_${test_num}.bin" bs=1k count=${size_kb} seek=${offset_kb} conv=notrunc 2>/dev/null + offset_kb=$(($offset_kb + $align_size_kb)) + done + test_num=$(($test_num + 1)) + + # 96K-128K : 0x66 (\146) Partial 64KB block, upper half + offset_kb=96 + size_kb=32 + hex="0x66" + oct="\\$(printf "%03o" $hex)" + cp "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/64k_test_${prev_test_num}.bin" "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/64k_test_${test_num}.bin" + while [ $(($offset_kb * $K)) -lt $region_size ]; do + dd if=/dev/zero bs=1k count=$size_kb 2>/dev/null | tr "\000" "$oct" > "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/${hex}_${size_kb}k.bin" + dd if="${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/${hex}_${size_kb}k.bin" of="${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/64k_test_${test_num}.bin" bs=1k count=${size_kb} seek=${offset_kb} conv=notrunc 2>/dev/null + offset_kb=$(($offset_kb + $align_size_kb)) + done + test_num=$(($test_num + 1)) + + # 128K-256K : 0x77 (\167) Full 64KB blocks + offset_kb=128 + size_kb=128 + hex="0x77" + oct="\\$(printf "%03o" $hex)" + cp "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/64k_test_${prev_test_num}.bin" "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/64k_test_${test_num}.bin" + while [ $(($offset_kb * $K)) -lt $region_size ]; do + dd if=/dev/zero bs=1k count=$size_kb 2>/dev/null | tr "\000" "$oct" > "${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/${hex}_${size_kb}k.bin" + dd if="${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/${hex}_${size_kb}k.bin" of="${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/64k_test_${test_num}.bin" bs=1k count=${size_kb} seek=${offset_kb} conv=notrunc 2>/dev/null + offset_kb=$(($offset_kb + $align_size_kb)) + done + + for F in ${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/random_64k_test.bin ${LOCAL_TMPDIR}/64k_test_*.bin ; do + filename=$(basename $F) + if [ $DO_REMOTE -eq 1 ]; then + copy_to_remote $filename + fi + + scmd $DO_REMOTE "$NEW_FLASHROM $PRIMARY_OPTS $opts -w -i ${region_name}:${TMPDIR}/${filename}" + if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then + test_fail "Failed to write $filename to $region_name" + fi + + scmd $DO_REMOTE "$OLD_FLASHROM $PRIMARY_OPTS $opts -v -i ${region_name}:${TMPDIR}/${filename}" + if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then + test_fail "Failed to verify write of $filename to $region_name" + fi + + if [ -n "$SECONDARY_OPTS" ]; then + scmd $LOCAL "$OLD_FLASHROM $SECONDARY_OPTS $opts -v -i ${region_name}:${TMPDIR}/${filename}" + if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then + test_fail "Failed to verify write of $filename to $region_name using secondary programmer" + fi + fi + + printf "\tWrote $filename to $region_name region successfully.\n" + done + + return $EXIT_SUCCESS +} + +# Do a consistency check for sanity before any other test. +if [ $SKIP_CONSISTENCY_CHECK -eq 0 ]; then + double_read_test 0 $CHIP_SIZE +fi + +if [ $REGION_MODE -eq $REGION_MODE_CLOBBER ]; then + random_file="${TMPDIR}/random_${CHIP_SIZE_KB}K.bin" + cmp_file="${TMPDIR}/cmp.bin" + + scmd $DO_REMOTE "dd if=/dev/urandom of=$random_file bs=1k count=${CHIP_SIZE_KB}" + scmd $DO_REMOTE "$NEW_FLASHROM $PRIMARY_OPTS -w $random_file" + scmd $DO_REMOTE "$OLD_FLASHROM $PRIMARY_OPTS -r $cmp_file" + scmd $DO_REMOTE "cmp $random_file $cmp_file" + if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then + write_backup_image + test_fail "Failed to clobber entire ROM." + fi + scmd $DO_REMOTE "rm -f $cmp_file $random_file" + + simple_partial_write_test "0" "$CHIP_SIZE" +elif [ $REGION_MODE -eq $REGION_MODE_DESCRIPTOR ]; then + # This depends on descriptor regions being translated into internal + # layout representation automatically so we can target them using -i. + echo "TODO: Descriptor mode" + exit $EXIT_FAILURE +elif [ $REGION_MODE -eq $REGION_MODE_FLASHMAP ]; then + region_partial_write_test "$FLASHMAP_REGION" 0 + if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then + echo "Flashmap mode test failed" + RC=$EXIT_FAILURE + fi +elif [ $REGION_MODE -eq $REGION_MODE_LAYOUT ]; then + rw_layout="" + addr="" + end="" + size="" + + # Look for a region named "RW" with any amount of leading whitespace + # and no trailing whitespace or characters. + rw_layout=$(grep "\s${LAYOUT_REGION}$" $LAYOUT_FILE | head -n 1) + if [ -z "$rw_layout" ]; then + printf "No region matching \"${LAYOUT_REGION}\" found layout file \"%s\"\n" "$LAYOUT_FILE" + exit $EXIT_FAILURE + fi + + addr="0x$(echo "$rw_layout" | cut -d ' ' -f -1 | awk -F ':' '{ print $1 }')" + end="0x$(echo "$rw_layout" | cut -d ' ' -f -1 | awk -F ':' '{ print $2 }')" + size="$(($end - $addr + 1))" + + printf "RW region address: ${addr}, size: %u KiB\n" $(($size / $K)) + simple_partial_write_test "$addr" "$size" + if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then + echo "Flashmap mode test failed" + RC=$EXIT_FAILURE + fi +fi + +# restore and cleanup +write_backup_image +do_cleanup + +if [ $RC -eq 0 ]; then + echo "Test status: PASS" +else + echo "Test status: FAIL" +fi + +exit $RC -- 2.6.0

1 0

Flashrom BiostarTF560A2+
by Иван 02 Jul '16

02 Jul '16

1 0

Re: [flashrom] FYI: flashrom output for Altera EPCQ16
by Stefan Tauner 01 Jul '16

01 Jul '16

On Thu, 30 Jun 2016 18:18:02 +0000 "Ma, Peter" <peter.ma(a)intel.com> wrote: > I would like to hear your thoughts about introducing an override to allow smaller data file sizes to be programmed. Thanks. Hi, where would the data be put then? Should it be top-aligned like in all x86 firmwares, should it be starting at 0 like in many other applications (not sure about FPGA bit stream storage but I guess it is one of these), or does it need to be put to another offset (like when updating only parts of an image? As you see the trivial override switch you suggest does not work that well in many situations. However, we are of course aware of that and there is a fix for this in the pipeline (referred to as layout patches) that will allow to define names for address regions and use files matching those address ranges in size to be flashed without a complete image. Regarding your use case: is the bit stream image to be written to flash always of a fixed size or does it depend on the code? I think that's something we did not mind yet. -- Kind regards/Mit freundlichen Grüßen, Stefan Tauner

2 1

Re: [flashrom] FYI: flashrom output for Altera EPCQ16
by Stefan Tauner 30 Jun '16

30 Jun '16

On Thu, 30 Jun 2016 00:53:28 +0000 "Ma, Peter" <peter.ma(a)intel.com> wrote: > https://www.altera.com/content/dam/altera-www/global/en_US/pdfs/literature/… > > […] > > Probing for AMIC A25L05PT, 64 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Hello Peter, thanks for your report. The replies this chip sends makes me think that Altera acquired the IP from Micron because the ID is exactly what you would expect from an N25Q016??3E chip, that is a 3.3 V, 16 Mb flash chip. However, as far as I can tell there never was a public datasheet available for such a chip, only its 1.8 V variants (which are supported by flashrom). The IP theory also makes completely sense due to the bonds (no pun intended) between Intel and Micron as well as Intel and Altera ;) The Altera datasheet disguises this by specifying the replies to the RDID identification opcode (Read Device Identification Operation) incompletely: they do not define the first and second byte of the reply. The first byte identifies the flash as ST (now Micron): 0x20. I'll need to dig further to see if there are any clear distinctions between the "Altera" chips and the existing bigger 3.3 V ST models that are also specified in the Altera datasheet but for which I have original Micron datasheets to cross check. If nothing dramatically comes up I'll add the needed chip definition to flashrom. Have you tried what flashrom promises, i.e. that flashrom should fully work with the generic definitions replied by the chip (SFDP)? -- Kind regards/Mit freundlichen Grüßen, Stefan Tauner

2 2

FYI: flashrom output for Altera EPCQ16
by Ma, Peter 30 Jun '16

30 Jun '16

https://www.altera.com/content/dam/altera-www/global/en_US/pdfs/literature/… # flashrom -VV -p linux_spi:dev=/dev/spidev0.0 flashrom v0.9.8-r1888 on Linux 4.6.2 (x86_64) flashrom is free software, get the source code at http://www.flashrom.org flashrom was built with libpci 3.5.1, GCC 5.4.0, little endian Command line (3 args): flashrom -VV -p linux_spi:dev=/dev/spidev0.0 Calibrating delay loop... OS timer resolution is 1 usecs, 444M loops per second, 10 myus = 10 us, 100 myus = 101 us, 1000 myus = 999 us, 10000 myus = 10005 us, 4 myus = 4 us, OK. Initializing linux_spi programmer Using device /dev/spidev0.0 The following protocols are supported: SPI. Probing for AMIC A25L05PT, 64 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for AMIC A25L05PU, 64 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for AMIC A25L10PT, 128 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for AMIC A25L10PU, 128 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for AMIC A25L20PT, 256 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for AMIC A25L20PU, 256 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for AMIC A25L40PT, 512 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for AMIC A25L40PU, 512 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for AMIC A25L80P, 1024 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for AMIC A25L16PT, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for AMIC A25L16PU, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for AMIC A25L512, 64 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for AMIC A25L010, 128 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for AMIC A25L020, 256 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for AMIC A25L040, 512 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for AMIC A25L080, 1024 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for AMIC A25L016, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for AMIC A25L032, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for AMIC A25LQ16, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for AMIC A25LQ032/A25LQ32A, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for AMIC A25LQ64, 8192 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Atmel AT25DF021, 256 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Atmel AT25DF041A, 512 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Atmel AT25DF081, 1024 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Atmel AT25DF081A, 1024 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Atmel AT25DF161, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Atmel AT25DF321, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Atmel AT25DF321A, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Atmel AT25DF641(A), 8192 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Atmel AT25DL081, 1024 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Atmel AT25DL161, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Atmel AT25DQ161, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Atmel AT25F512, 64 kB: probe_spi_at25f: id1 0xff, id2 0xff Probing for Atmel AT25F512A, 64 kB: probe_spi_at25f: id1 0xff, id2 0xff Probing for Atmel AT25F512B, 64 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Atmel AT25F1024(A), 128 kB: probe_spi_at25f: id1 0xff, id2 0xff Probing for Atmel AT25F2048, 256 kB: probe_spi_at25f: id1 0xff, id2 0xff Probing for Atmel AT25F4096, 512 kB: probe_spi_at25f: id1 0xff, id2 0xff Probing for Atmel AT25FS010, 128 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Atmel AT25FS040, 512 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Atmel AT26DF041, 512 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Atmel AT26DF081A, 1024 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Atmel AT26DF161, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Atmel AT26DF161A, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Atmel AT26F004, 512 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Atmel AT45CS1282, 16896 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Atmel AT45DB011D, 128 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Atmel AT45DB021D, 256 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Atmel AT45DB041D, 512 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Atmel AT45DB081D, 1024 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Atmel AT45DB161D, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Atmel AT45DB321C, 4224 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Atmel AT45DB321D, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Atmel AT45DB321E, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Atmel AT45DB642D, 8192 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for ESMT F25L008A, 1024 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for ESMT F25L32PA, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25B05, 64 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25B05T, 64 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25P05, 64 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25B10, 128 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25B10T, 128 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25P10, 128 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25B20, 256 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25B20T, 256 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25P20, 256 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25B40, 512 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25B40T, 512 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25P40, 512 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25B80, 1024 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25B80T, 1024 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25P80, 1024 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25B16, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25B16T, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25P16, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25B32, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25B32T, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25P32, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25B64, 8192 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25B64T, 8192 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25P64, 8192 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25F05, 64 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25F10, 128 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25F20, 256 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25F40, 512 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25F80, 1024 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25F16, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25F32, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25F64, 8192 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25Q40, 512 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25Q80(A), 1024 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25Q16, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25Q32(A/B), 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25Q64, 8192 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25Q128, 16384 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25QH16, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25QH32, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25QH64, 8192 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25QH128, 16384 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25S10, 128 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25S20, 256 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25S40, 512 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25S80, 1024 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25S16, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25S32, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon EN25S64, 8192 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for GigaDevice GD25LQ32, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for GigaDevice GD25Q512, 64 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for GigaDevice GD25Q10, 128 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for GigaDevice GD25Q20(B), 256 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for GigaDevice GD25Q40(B), 512 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for GigaDevice GD25Q80(B), 1024 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for GigaDevice GD25Q16(B), 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for GigaDevice GD25Q32(B), 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for GigaDevice GD25Q64(B), 8192 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for GigaDevice GD25Q128B, 16384 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for GigaDevice GD25T80, 1024 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Intel 25F160S33B8, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Intel 25F160S33T8, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Intel 25F320S33B8, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Intel 25F320S33T8, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Intel 25F640S33B8, 8192 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Intel 25F640S33T8, 8192 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Macronix MX23L1654, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Macronix MX23L3254, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Macronix MX23L6454, 8192 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Macronix MX23L12854, 16384 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Macronix MX25L512(E)/MX25V512(C), 64 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Macronix MX25L1005(C)/MX25L1006E, 128 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Macronix MX25L2005(C)/MX25L2006E, 256 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Macronix MX25L4005(A/C)/MX25L4006E, 512 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Macronix MX25L8005/MX25L8006E/MX25L8008E/MX25V8005, 1024 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Macronix MX25L1605, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Macronix MX25L1605A/MX25L1606E/MX25L1608E, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Macronix MX25L1605D/MX25L1608D/MX25L1673E, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Macronix MX25L1635D, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Macronix MX25L1635E, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Macronix MX25L3205(A), 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Macronix MX25L3205D/MX25L3208D, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Macronix MX25L3206E/MX25L3208E, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Macronix MX25L3273E, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Macronix MX25L3235D, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Macronix MX25L6405, 8192 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Macronix MX25L6405D, 8192 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Macronix MX25L6406E/MX25L6408E, 8192 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Macronix MX25L6436E/MX25L6445E/MX25L6465E/MX25L6473E, 8192 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Macronix MX25L12805D, 16384 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Macronix MX25L12835F/MX25L12845E/MX25L12865E, 16384 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Macronix MX25U1635E, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Macronix MX25U3235E/F, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Macronix MX25U6435E/F, 8192 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Macronix MX25U12835F, 16384 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Macronix MX25L6495F, 8192 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST M25P05-A, 64 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST M25P05, 64 kB: Ignoring RES in favour of RDID. Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST M25P10-A, 128 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST M25P10, 128 kB: Ignoring RES in favour of RDID. Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST M25P20, 256 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST M25P20-old, 256 kB: Ignoring RES in favour of RDID. Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST M25P40, 512 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST M25P40-old, 512 kB: Ignoring RES in favour of RDID. Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST M25P80, 1024 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST M25P16, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST M25P32, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST M25P64, 8192 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST M25P128, 16384 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST M25PE10, 128 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST M25PE20, 256 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST M25PE40, 512 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST M25PE80, 1024 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST M25PE16, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST M25PX80, 1024 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST M25PX16, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST M25PX32, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST M25PX64, 8192 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST M45PE10, 128 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST M45PE20, 256 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST M45PE40, 512 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST M45PE80, 1024 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST M45PE16, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST N25Q016, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST N25Q032..1E, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST N25Q032..3E, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST N25Q064..1E, 8192 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST N25Q064..3E, 8192 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST N25Q128..1E, 16384 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Micron/Numonyx/ST N25Q128..3E, 16384 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Nantronics N25S10, 128 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Nantronics N25S20, 256 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Nantronics N25S40, 512 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Nantronics N25S80, 1024 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Nantronics N25S16, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for PMC Pm25LD256C, 32 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for PMC Pm25LD512(C), 64 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for PMC Pm25LD010(C), 128 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for PMC Pm25LD020(C), 256 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for PMC Pm25LD040(C), 512 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for PMC Pm25LV512(A), 64 kB: probe_spi_res2: id1 0xff, id2 0xff Probing for PMC Pm25LV010, 128 kB: probe_spi_res2: id1 0xff, id2 0xff Probing for PMC Pm25LV010A, 128 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for PMC Pm25LV020, 256 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for PMC Pm25LV040, 512 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for PMC Pm25LV080B, 1024 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for PMC Pm25LV016B, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Sanyo LE25FW106, 128 kB: probe_spi_res2: id1 0xff, id2 0xff Probing for Sanyo LE25FW406A, 512 kB: probe_spi_res2: id1 0xff, id2 0xff Probing for Sanyo LE25FU406B, 512 kB: probe_spi_res2: id1 0xff, id2 0xff Probing for Sanyo LE25FW203A, 256 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Sanyo LE25FW403A, 512 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Sanyo LE25FW418A, 512 kB: probe_spi_res2: id1 0xff, id2 0xff Probing for Sanyo LE25FW806, 1024 kB: probe_spi_res2: id1 0xff, id2 0xff Probing for Sanyo LE25FW808, 1024 kB: probe_spi_res2: id1 0xff, id2 0xff Probing for Spansion S25FL004A, 512 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Spansion S25FL008A, 1024 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Spansion S25FL016A, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Spansion S25FL032A/P, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Spansion S25FL064A/P, 8192 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Spansion S25FL204K, 512 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Spansion S25FL208K, 1024 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Spansion S25FL116K/S25FL216K, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Spansion S25FL132K, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Spansion S25FL164K, 8192 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Spansion S25FL127S-64kB, 16384 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Spansion S25FL127S-256kB, 16384 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Spansion S25FL128P......0, 16384 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Spansion S25FL128P......1, 16384 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Spansion S25FL128S......0, 16384 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Spansion S25FL128S......1, 16384 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Spansion S25FL129P......0, 16384 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Spansion S25FL129P......1, 16384 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for SST SST25LF020A, 256 kB: probe_spi_rems: id1 0xff, id2 0xff Probing for SST SST25LF040A, 512 kB: probe_spi_res2: id1 0xff, id2 0xff Probing for SST SST25LF080(A), 1024 kB: probe_spi_res2: id1 0xff, id2 0xff Probing for SST SST25VF512(A), 64 kB: probe_spi_rems: id1 0xff, id2 0xff Probing for SST SST25VF010(A), 128 kB: probe_spi_rems: id1 0xff, id2 0xff Probing for SST SST25VF020, 256 kB: probe_spi_rems: id1 0xff, id2 0xff Probing for SST SST25VF020B, 256 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for SST SST25VF040, 512 kB: probe_spi_rems: id1 0xff, id2 0xff Probing for SST SST25VF040B, 512 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for SST SST25VF040B.REMS, 512 kB: probe_spi_rems: id1 0xff, id2 0xff Probing for SST SST25VF080B, 1024 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for SST SST25VF016B, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for SST SST25VF032B, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for SST SST25VF064C, 8192 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for SST SST25WF512, 64 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for SST SST25WF010, 128 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for SST SST25WF020, 256 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for SST SST25WF040, 512 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for SST SST25WF080, 1024 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Winbond W25Q40.V, 512 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Winbond W25Q80.V, 1024 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Winbond W25Q16.V, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Winbond W25Q32.V, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Winbond W25Q64.V, 8192 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Winbond W25Q128.V, 16384 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Winbond W25Q20.W, 256 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Winbond W25Q40.W, 512 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Winbond W25Q80.W, 1024 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Winbond W25Q16.W, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Winbond W25Q32.W, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Winbond W25Q64.W, 8192 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Winbond W25X10, 128 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Winbond W25X20, 256 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Winbond W25X40, 512 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Winbond W25X80, 1024 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Winbond W25X16, 2048 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Winbond W25X32, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Winbond W25X64, 8192 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Unknown SFDP-capable chip, 0 kB: SFDP revision = 1.0 SFDP number of parameter headers is 1 (NPH = 0). SFDP parameter table header 0/0: ID 0x00, version 1.0 Length 36 B, Parameter Table Pointer 0x000030 Parsing JEDEC flash parameter table... 3-Byte only addressing. Status register is non-volatile and the standard does not allow vendors to tell us whether EWSR/WREN is needed for status register writes - assuming EWSR. Write chunk size is at least 64 B. Flash chip size is 2048 kB. Block eraser 0: 512 x 4096 B with opcode 0x20 Tried to add a duplicate block eraser: 512 x 4096 B with opcode 0x20. Block eraser 1: 32 x 65536 B with opcode 0xd8 done. === SFDP has autodetected a flash chip which is not natively supported by flashrom yet. All standard operations (read, verify, erase and write) should work, but to support all possible features we need to add them manually. You can help us by mailing us the output of the following command to flashrom(a)flashrom.org: 'flashrom -VV [plus the -p/--programmer parameter]' Thanks for your help! === Found Unknown flash chip "SFDP-capable chip" (2048 kB, SPI) on linux_spi. Probing for AMIC unknown AMIC SPI chip, 0 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Atmel unknown Atmel SPI chip, 0 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Eon unknown Eon SPI chip, 0 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Macronix unknown Macronix SPI chip, 0 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for PMC unknown PMC SPI chip, 0 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for SST unknown SST SPI chip, 0 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for ST unknown ST SPI chip, 0 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Sanyo unknown Sanyo SPI chip, 0 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Winbond unknown Winbond (ex Nexcom) SPI chip, 0 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Generic unknown SPI chip (RDID), 0 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0x20, id2 0xba15 Probing for Generic unknown SPI chip (REMS), 0 kB: probe_spi_rems: id1 0xff, id2 0xff Found Unknown flash chip "SFDP-capable chip" (2048 kB, SPI). No operations were specified. Regards, --------------------------------------------------------- Peter Ma | email: peter.ma(a)intel.com Senior Design Engineer | tel: +1 (604) 742 5778 Intel of Canada, Ltd. | fax: +1 (604) 639 1185 #688 - 1333 West Broadway, Vancouver, BC, Canada, V6H 4C1

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Re: [flashrom] Ideas for implementing support for 2nd status register
by Hatim Kanchwala 27 Jun '16

27 Jun '16

Hi, Regarding block protection scheme, I am very glad to say I have had a breakthrough observation. After having sifted through around 90 datasheets, I was able to spot a pattern that majority of chips follow. GigaDevice and Winbond , along with some AMIC, Eon, Fudan and Macronix chips follow this pattern - around 50 in number. With this pattern, we can now dynamically generate the entire block protection ranges on-the-go. We don't need to hard-code the tables for these chips anymore and presence (or absence) of SEC, TB, or CMP bits is also handles generically! The exact algorithm is slightly convoluted, but I'll try my best to explain it. Feel free to skip past #5, you will have nothing much to lose. For all practical purposes, the BP4 and BP3 bits are identical to SEC and TB bits respectively. We'll call tuple of (BP3, BP2, BP1) as BP, and X is don't care. 1. For BP=(0,0,0): No protection, SEC=X, TB=X 2. For BP=(1,1,1): All protection, SEC=X, TB=X 3. For (SEC,TB)=(0,0): We introduce a parameter f, such that f = chip_size(in kB) / 64 for chips_size < 4096 kB; and f = 64 for chips_size >= 4096 kB. 3.1 For chip_size >= 4096 kB, we have the following correspondence of fraction of chip_size with BP: (0,0,1) - 1/64 (0,1,0) - 1/32 (0,1,1) - 1/16 ... (1,1,0) - 1/2 3.2 For chip_size = 2048 kB, we have the following correspondence of fraction of chip_size with BP: (0,0,1) - 1/32 (0,1,0) - 1/16 (0,1,1) - 1/8 ... (1,1,0) - 1 3.3 For chip_size = 1024 kB, we have the following correspondence of fraction of chip_size with BP: (0,0,1) - 1/16 (0,1,0) - 1/8 (0,1,1) - 1/4 ... (1,1,0) - 1 3.4 For chip_size = 512 kB, we have the following correspondence of fraction of chip_size with BP: (0,0,1) - 1/8 (0,1,0) - 1/4 ... (1,1,0) - 1 3.5 For chip_size = 256 kB, we have the following correspondence of fraction of chip_size with BP: (0,0,1) - 1/4 (0,1,0) - 1/2 (0,1,1) - 1 (1,0,0) - 0 (1,0,1) - 1/4 (1,1,0) - 1/2 3.6 For chip_size = 128 kB, we have the following correspondence of fraction of chip_size with BP: (0,0,1) - 1/2 (0,1,0) - 1 (0,1,1) - 1 (1,0,0) - 0 (1,0,1) - 1/2 (1,1,0) - 1 (SEC,TB)=(0,0) represents the upper portion of the chip (which means range addresses always end at top boundary). E.g. For a 4096 kB chip, (0,1,0) 1/32 means upper 256 kB - 0x3fff00-0x3fffff 4. For (SEC,TB)=(0,1): This represents the lower portion of the chip (which means range addresses always start at lower boundary). The same mapping defined earlier for fraction of chip_size holds. E.g. For a 512 kB chip, (0,1,0) means lower 128 kB - 0x000000-0x01ffff 5. For (SEC,TB)=(1,X): (0,0,1) - 4 kB (0,1,0) - 8 kB (0,1,1) - 16 kB (1,0,0) - 32 kB (1,0,1) - 32 kB *(1,1,0) - 32 kB We have upper for TB=0, lower for TB=1 E.g. For a 1024 kB chip TB=1, (1,0,0) means lower 32 kB - 0x000000-0x007fff *Some chips have 64 kB block instead of 32 kB. (You will not lose much if you skip up to here) 6. For chips with CMP bit: For all chips that I have seen (and that is well over a 100 SPI chips), the block protection range either starts at lower boundary of chip or ends at upper boundary of chip. So, given the range and size of the chip, we can compute the complement range. Please find attached pattern.c. It is an excerpt from the unmerged code I am working on and contains the implementation of the discussed model (cf. sec_block_pattern_range_generic). There are other functions and structs to show the models impact on the infrastructure. IMO, this is an immense improvement from what we have in ChromiumOS fork and what we have been discussing. Here are the key takeaway points - - Having the status register layout member in struct flashchip is immensely beneficial. A lot of chips can be supported with the generic code, perhaps with only slight adaptation. - Based on David's suggestion, shifting to function pointers was a good choice - it allows flexibility. - Presence (or absence) of CMP, TB (BP3), SEC (BP4) bit is automatically taken of, and the corresponding range is also dynamically generated. - For chips whose ranges cannot be dynamically generated, we have the option of specifying range manually. I think it is best to stick to range for such representation, instead of range of sectors/blocks or portions of chip (as suggested by David in the previous mail). Sticking with range is safe because range is independent of sector/block and will yield the proper result. - Based on Stefan's suggestion some time ago, having pointers to struct status_register and struct wp will allow greater re-use (which is happening a lot!) Please have a look at the source file. The output of the source is here (http://paste.flashrom.org/view.php?id=2940) Further work - - In the current implementation, for chips whose range is dynamically generated we have a pointer to the range and an ID variable to associate the range with the chip (this is so that range is computed once and reused for subsequent calls). If we have another chip then the ID and pointer gets overwritten (like is happening in main() in the source). So when we want to return to the previous chip, we have to again spend the computing cost. This can be enhanced if we use list data structures and append newly computed range tables. That way, we can always revisit a previously computed table at a nominal computing cost. - The computation of BP bitfield from a given range can be enhanced if we factor in CMP bit (if present) - there could be a scenario where CMP=0 and the given range is not possible, but if CMP=1 the range could be possible. - Another way we could enhance it is through suggesting nearest neighbours to the range. (I find this idea theoretically interesting, but practically I cannot come up with use cases) I hope you enjoyed going through the source. It took me a while to sift through so many datasheets and try out varying models, but I was elated with joy when the above algorithm was ready. I am looking forward to your feedback and comments on this. Thanks for your time and patience. Bye, Hatim

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FLASHROM compatibility with SAMSUNG Laptop mainboard
by Antoine BERBACH 23 Jun '16

23 Jun '16

Hello, Friends of mine have à SAMSUNG R540 jao4 Laptop who won't boot. I tried to access on the contents of her HDD via my own Laptop and after that I was seriously aggressed, the Bios also is bad! No problem for me, ASUS provide a tool for Bios re-flashing. SAMSUNG has no possibility to restore the bios out of Windows. I am looking for a tool to clean the CMOS by a new Bios restoration. *Question *: have you experience if FLASHROM is compatible for the motherboard off a SAMSUNG R540 jao4. If no possibility for FLASHROM, did you know a solution with Parted Magic to re-flash the Bios for SAMSUNG LAPTOP R540 jao4?? Best regards from Alsace/France Antoine --- L'absence de virus dans ce courrier électronique a été vérifiée par le logiciel antivirus Avast. https://www.avast.com/antivirus

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Need some help please
by jlpinckney28 23 Jun '16

23 Jun '16

I'm trying to use the flash ROMI keep getting error messageCannot find file.libUSB header -1.0 Not found.Is there a book for Flash rom I tried looking on the internet I found too much of nothing.Please help me if anyone canThank you. Sent via the Samsung Galaxy Note® 3, an AT&T 4G LTE smartphone

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[PATCH 0/6] 4-bytes addressing support
by Cédric Le Goater 20 Jun '16

20 Jun '16

Hi, Here's an old patchset proposed a while ago by Boris Baykov to add 4byte support to flashrom. I have been using it to flash N25Q256 modules from a raspberry pi quite successfully. Could we restart a review cycle to see what needs fixing ? A port of the complete patchset on 0.9.9 is available here : https://github.com/legoater/flashrom Thanks, C. Boris Baykov (6): 4BA: Basic support for 4-bytes addressing mode extensions 4BA: Flashrom integration for the 4-bytes addressing extensions 4BA: Winbond W25Q256.V chip (32MB) declaration, 4-bytes addr mode 4BA: Support for 4-bytes addressing via Extended Address Register 4BA: Support for new direct-4BA instructions + W25Q256.V update 4BA: Progress visualization for long read, writes and erases Makefile | 2 +- chipdrivers.h | 22 ++ cli_output.c | 3 +- flash.h | 21 ++ flashchips.c | 48 +++ flashrom.c | 61 ++++ serprog.c | 5 +- spi.c | 5 +- spi25.c | 37 ++- spi4ba.c | 920 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ spi4ba.h | 114 ++++++++ 11 files changed, 1231 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-) create mode 100644 spi4ba.c create mode 100644 spi4ba.h -- 2.1.4

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AT25DF161 erase failed on ft2232_spi
by Алексей Елсаков 13 Jun '16

13 Jun '16

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Re: [flashrom] Ideas for implementing support for 2nd status register
by Hatim Kanchwala 13 Jun '16

13 Jun '16

On Sunday 29 May 2016 02:40 PM, David Hendricks wrote: > Hi Hatim, > Interesting approach. It seems to work well for pretty printing, though > I am curious how this will translate into ranges. Do you have an example > for translating status_register_layout structs to a range of bytes > protected, for example 0x000000-0x1fffff? Hi, I have been researching and developing ideas on how to go about block protection. A lot of this is based on Chromium OS' implementation. Here are the two models I have. Before diving into the models themselves, here's idea that both models share. We define a struct range (just like Chromium OS) and then define an array struct range range[32]. We use the BP bitfield as indexes into the array - so a combination of BP4=0, BP3=0, BP2=1, BP1=0, BP0=1 gives a bitfield 0x05 and corresponding range is given by range[0x05]={start, len}. (32 because we have seen a maximum of 5 block protect bits so that is 2^5 = 32 combinations.) The obvious advantage is that status_to_range operations will happen in O(1) time. IMO, the use cases of reading the status register and translating BP bitfields into range are more than vice-versa. So IMHO having an array of ranges indexed by bitfield will certainly be more helpful. You will see that the two approaches differ in the implementation of this idea. 1. Block Protection Table The driving idea behind this model is to have a representation of block protection table in flashrom very similar to what is given in datasheets (just like Chromium OS currently has). But if we are to use array of ranges indexed by bitfield as per above idea, then we need to process this representation first. I came up with the following algorithm for translating the table into the range array - translate_table_to_range(table): proc = [] done = [] for row in table proc.append(row) while proc is not empty tmp = proc.pop(0) for i = 0:5 if tmp.bp[i] is X new = tmp new.bp.replace(i, 0) proc.append(new) new.bp.replace(i, 1) proc.append(new) break if i is 5 done.append(tmp) for row in done index = row.bp4 << 4 | row.bp3 << 3 | row.bp1 << 1 |row.bp0 range[index] = row.range These were the few questions came up immediately - - When do we call such a function in the code? Flashrom will always probe before performing any operation. So once the chip is found, we fetch the BP table from the struct flashchip, call this function, store the array of ranges, and then perform all future operations for that run using the array. - Do we call it for all the chips? IMO, calling this for all chips is a bad idea and the above answer makes this redundant. - How to handle corner cases? This needs to be dealt with still. 2. Array of Range This model is very simple compared to #1 - instead of any such processing, we simply represent the BP table in the form of an array of ranges in the first place. This might make representing the table in flashrom more cumbersome. Attached is a prototype of the two models (both implementations are combined in the same file). I have extensively annotated the code to better convey the models defined above. The output is available here http://paste.flashrom.org/view.php?id=2921. Chromium implementation defines two separate structs from CMP=0 and CMP=1. This case can be handled automatically. IMO, #2 is better than #1 and we should go forward with #2. The additional processing step that needs to be taken in #1 before array of ranges is available is what made me favour #2. I would like to hear your take on all this, particularly use cases (I could come up with only one or two, so please tell me more). There's a lot of comments in the code, so please go through those as well. I am also wondering if it is possible to get the best of both #1 and #2 - is there a way to pre-process the BP Table into the array of ranges representation at the time of compilation itself for all chips? This would eliminate the additional step at runtime, and would make representation in the code easier. Personally, I had a lot of fun implementing #1 mainly because it was a direct materialization of the algorithm and data structures theory I had in my course. I had started out developing my own data structures but then stopped mid-way and realized I should be looking for standard solutions. Then I found sys/queue.h. So, that was a nice learning experience! Looking forward to your comments and feedback. Thanks for your time and patience. Bye, Hatim

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Re: [flashrom] FAILED: Bus Pirate v3.a
by Sergio 12 Jun '16

12 Jun '16

Hi guys. I sent you my issue yesterday and after that I was playing a bit with upgrading the flashrom version and other settings. I'm trying to write the Macronix "MX25L3205D/MX25L3208D" and "Micron/Numonyx/ST N25Q064..3E". My exact Macronix chip is MX25L3205DM21. First, when getting a fresh flashrom, the make instructions are not quite clear for Xubuntu. When I've added the source from subversion, make was asking for libusb-compat saying 'Checking for libusb-0.1/libusb-compat headers... not found.'. I've installed some usb related packages and libs mentioned in your README, updated the apt-get and make worked. In which library comes the libusb-compat I've got no idea, I've installed most usb related -dev packages through Ubuntu Software center as well. I've got installed now libusb-dev, libusb-0.1-4, libusb-1.0-0, libusb-1.0-0-dev, ftdi-eeprom, usbutils amongst others. Another issue is that for the MX25L3205DM21, ERASE was giving me same errors with the latest flashrom anyway. After setting two pins 7 (HOLD#) and 8 (Vdd) to +5V on Bus Pirate I successfully written two flash chips. My Bus Pirate is connected through the powered USB2.0 hub. Since I've got five flash chips from the same package, I've decided to write them all, and without changing nothing the flashrom was refusing to even detect two remained chips! So, what I did, I switched Vdd to +V3.3, accessed the flash, it became detectable, and then I switched the jumper on my breadboard back to +5V. It worked with one chip only and it was successfully written and verified. The remained two chips I was able to access with 7-HOLD# connected to +5V and the Vdd to +3.3V. But the write fails, although chips are detectable. ERASE always fails with the same result for the Functions #2 and #3 but the Erase function #1 is always different. The values may vary, but again they remain the same for #2 and #3 Erase functions. My question is: is there something wrong with these chips, or the power supply, or both? The two remained chips gave me the message I've posted in the end of this email. The only differences between two is the byte count, that may vary. But the range is always the same. Another thing that happened to me. I had a strange issue when the Verify function was failing after successfully write the Micron/Numonyx/ST N25Q064..3E chip. I'm sure that the dump itself is OK as I've used it on the device and it works, and more than that, the Verification doesn't fail on the chip that's soldered on the device. But it fails on other three chips that are brand new unsoldered. In any case, after dumping the EFI back from the new chips, the SFV checksum remains the same as of master EFI dump. Why the verification fails when it's written onto chips is another unexplainable issue that I've faced. At last, here's the copy of the ERASE errors from when trying to write onto MX25L3205DM21: ===================================== Calibrating delay loop... OS timer resolution is 1 usecs, 3884M loops per second, 10 myus = 10 us, 100 myus = 99 us, 1000 myus = 996 us, 10000 myus = 10023 us, 4 myus = 4 us, OK. Initializing buspirate_spi programmer Detected Bus Pirate hardware v3.a Detected Bus Pirate firmware 6.2 Using SPI command set v2. SPI speed is 8MHz Raw bitbang mode version 1 Raw SPI mode version 1 The following protocols are supported: SPI. Probing for Macronix MX25L3205D/MX25L3208D, 4096 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0xc2, id2 0x2016 Found Macronix flash chip "MX25L3205D/MX25L3208D" (4096 kB, SPI) on buspirate_spi. Chip status register is 0x00. Chip status register: Status Register Write Disable (SRWD, SRP, ...) is not set Chip status register: Bit 6 is not set Chip status register: Block Protect 3 (BP3) is not set Chip status register: Block Protect 2 (BP2) is not set Chip status register: Block Protect 1 (BP1) is not set Chip status register: Block Protect 0 (BP0) is not set Chip status register: Write Enable Latch (WEL) is not set Chip status register: Write In Progress (WIP/BUSY) is not set This chip may contain one-time programmable memory. flashrom cannot read and may never be able to write it, hence it may not be able to completely clone the contents of this chip (see man page for details). Reading old flash chip contents... done. Erasing and writing flash chip... Trying erase function 0... 0x000000-0x000fff:EFAILED at 0x00000000! Expected=0xff, Found=0x00, failed byte count from 0x00000000-0x00000fff: 0xf18 ERASE FAILED! Reading current flash chip contents... done. Looking for another erase function. Trying erase function 1... 0x000000-0x00ffff:EFAILED at 0x00000000! Expected=0xff, Found=0x00, failed byte count from 0x00000000-0x0000ffff: 0xf727 ERASE FAILED! Reading current flash chip contents... done. Looking for another erase function. Trying erase function 2... 0x000000-0x3fffff:EFAILED at 0x00000000! Expected=0xff, Found=0x00, failed byte count from 0x00000000-0x003fffff: 0x368887 ERASE FAILED! Reading current flash chip contents... done. Looking for another erase function. Trying erase function 3... 0x000000-0x3fffff:EFAILED at 0x00000000! Expected=0xff, Found=0x00, failed byte count from 0x00000000-0x003fffff: 0x368887 ERASE FAILED! Looking for another erase function. No usable erase functions left. FAILED! Uh oh. Erase/write failed. Checking if anything has changed. Reading current flash chip contents... done. Apparently at least some data has changed. Your flash chip is in an unknown state. Please report this on IRC at chat.freenode.net (channel #flashrom) or mail flashrom(a)flashrom.org, thanks! Raw bitbang mode version 1 Bus Pirate shutdown completed. ===================================== Any help would be greatly appreciated. Thank you, Sergio. On Sat, Jun 11, 2016 at 9:40 PM, Sergio <businessnzd(a)gmail.com> wrote: > Hi. When trying to delete or rewrite the flash I'm getting following: > ================================================== > Found Macronix flash chip "MX25L3205" (4096 kB, SPI) on buspirate_spi. > Erasing and writing flash chip... Trying erase function 0... > 0x000000-0x000fff:EERASE FAILED at 0x00000000! Expected=0xff, Read=0x00, > failed byte count from 0x00000000-0x00000fff: 0x1000 > ERASE FAILED! > Reading current flash chip contents... done. Looking for another erase > function. > Trying erase function 1... 0x000000-0x000fff:EERASE FAILED at 0x00000000! > Expected=0xff, Read=0x00, failed byte count from 0x00000000-0x00000fff: > 0x1000 > ERASE FAILED! > Reading current flash chip contents... done. Looking for another erase > function. > Trying erase function 2... 0x000000-0x3fffff:EERASE FAILED at 0x00000000! > Expected=0xff, Read=0x00, failed byte count from 0x00000000-0x003fffff: > 0x400000 > ERASE FAILED! > Reading current flash chip contents... done. Looking for another erase > function. > Trying erase function 3... 0x000000-0x3fffff:EERASE FAILED at 0x00000000! > Expected=0xff, Read=0x00, failed byte count from 0x00000000-0x003fffff: > 0x400000 > ERASE FAILED! > Looking for another erase function. > No usable erase functions left. > FAILED! > Your flash chip is in an unknown state. > ================================================== > > Any help or suggestion? > > SPI Programmer: > Bus Pirate v3.a > Firmware v6.2-beta1 r1981 Bootloader v4.4 > > > Cheers. > > > > >

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Test report on GigaDevice GD25Q128 using serprog
by Noble Pepper 12 Jun '16

12 Jun '16

All worked fine for me using an Arduino Uno running GNUTOO's software with a GigaDevice GD25Q128. Log file: flashrom v0.9.9-r1955 on Linux 3.16.0-4-amd64 (x86_64) flashrom was built with libpci 3.2.1, GCC 4.9.2, little endian Command line (14 args): ./flashrom -V -p serprog:dev=/dev/ttyACM0:115200 -c GD25Q128B -l ../../flashromlayout -n -w ../../../vocore2/backups-b/wholeflash -i uboot -o reportformailinglist romlayout 00000000 - 0002ffff named uboot romlayout 00030000 - 0003ffff named uboot-env romlayout 00040000 - 0004ffff named factory romlayout 00050000 - 00ffffff named firmware Using region: "uboot". Calibrating delay loop... OS timer resolution is 1 usecs, 1241M loops per second, 10 myus = 15 us, 100 myus = 151 us, 1000 myus = 1506 us, 10000 myus = 11405 us, 4 myus = 6 us, OK. Initializing serprog programmer serprog: connected - attempting to synchronize ... serprog: Synchronized serprog: Interface version ok. serprog: Bus support: parallel=off, LPC=off, FWH=off, SPI=on Warning: Automatic command availability check failed for cmd 0x08 - won't execute cmd Warning: Automatic command availability check failed for cmd 0x11 - won't execute cmd serprog: Programmer name is "serprog-duino" serprog: Serial buffer size is 65535 serprog: Warning: Programmer does not support toggling its output drivers The following protocols are supported: SPI. Probing for GigaDevice GD25Q128B, 16384 kB: probe_spi_rdid_generic: id1 0xc8, id2 0x4018 Found GigaDevice flash chip "GD25Q128B" (16384 kB, SPI) on serprog. Chip status register is 0x00. Chip status register: Status Register Write Disable (SRWD, SRP, ...) is not set Chip status register: Block Protect 4 (BP4) is not set Chip status register: Block Protect 3 (BP3) is not set Chip status register: Block Protect 2 (BP2) is not set Chip status register: Block Protect 1 (BP1) is not set Chip status register: Block Protect 0 (BP0) is not set Chip status register: Write Enable Latch (WEL) is not set Chip status register: Write In Progress (WIP/BUSY) is not set This chip may contain one-time programmable memory. flashrom cannot read and may never be able to write it, hence it may not be able to completely clone the contents of this chip (see man page for details). === This flash part has status UNTESTED for operations: PROBE READ ERASE WRITE The test status of this chip may have been updated in the latest development version of flashrom. If you are running the latest development version, please email a report to flashrom(a)flashrom.org if any of the above operations work correctly for you with this flash chip. Please include the flashrom log file for all operations you tested (see the man page for details), and mention which mainboard or programmer you tested in the subject line. Thanks for your help! serprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating Block protection is disabled. Reading old flash chip contents... done. Erasing and writing flash chip... Trying erase function 0... 0x000000-0x000fff:Eserprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating serprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating W, 0x001000-0x001fff:Eserprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating W, 0x002000-0x002fff:Eserprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating serprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating W, 0x003000-0x003fff:Eserprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating serprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating W, 0x004000-0x004fff:Eserprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating serprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating W, 0x005000-0x005fff:Eserprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating serprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating W, 0x006000-0x006fff:Eserprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating serprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating W, 0x007000-0x007fff:Eserprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating serprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating W, 0x008000-0x008fff:Eserprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating serprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating W, 0x009000-0x009fff:Eserprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating serprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating serprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating W, 0x00a000-0x00afff:Eserprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating serprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating W, 0x00b000-0x00bfff:Eserprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating serprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating W, 0x00c000-0x00cfff:Eserprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating serprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating W, 0x00d000-0x00dfff:Eserprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating serprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating serprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating W, 0x00e000-0x00efff:Eserprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating serprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating W, 0x00f000-0x00ffff:Eserprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating serprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating W, 0x010000-0x010fff:Eserprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating serprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating W, 0x011000-0x011fff:Eserprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating serprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating serprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating W, 0x012000-0x012fff:Eserprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating serprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating serprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating W, 0x013000-0x013fff:Eserprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating serprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating W, 0x014000-0x014fff:Eserprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating serprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating W, 0x015000-0x015fff:Eserprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating serprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating W, 0x016000-0x016fff:Eserprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating serprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating , 0x017000-0x017fff:Eserprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating serprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating serprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating , 0x018000-0x018fff:Eserprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating serprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating , 0x019000-0x019fff:Eserprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating serprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating , 0x01a000-0x01afff:Eserprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating serprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating , 0x01b000-0x01bfff:Eserprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating serprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating , 0x01c000-0x01cfff:Eserprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating serprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating serprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating , 0x01d000-0x01dfff:Eserprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating serprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating , 0x01e000-0x01efff:Eserprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating serprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating , 0x01f000-0x01ffff:Eserprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating serprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating , 0x020000-0x020fff:Eserprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating serprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating , 0x021000-0x021fff:Eserprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating serprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating , 0x022000-0x022fff:Eserprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating serprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating serprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating , 0x023000-0x023fff:Eserprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating serprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating , 0x024000-0x024fff:Eserprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating serprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating , 0x025000-0x025fff:Eserprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating serprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating , 0x026000-0x026fff:Eserprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating serprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating , 0x027000-0x027fff:Eserprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating serprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating , 0x028000-0x028fff:Eserprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating serprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating , 0x029000-0x029fff:Eserprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating serprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating , 0x02a000-0x02afff:Eserprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating serprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating , 0x02b000-0x02bfff:Eserprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating serprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating , 0x02c000-0x02cfff:Eserprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating serprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating , 0x02d000-0x02dfff:Eserprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating serprog_delay used, but programmer doesn't support delays natively - emulating , 0x02e000-0x02efff:S, 0x02f000-0x02ffff:S, 0x030000-0x030fff:S, 0x031000-0x031fff:S, 0x032000-0x032fff:S, 0x033000-0x033fff:S, 0x034000-0x034fff:S, 0x035000-0x035fff:S, 0x036000-0x036fff:S, 0x037000-0x037fff:S, 0x038000-0x038fff:S, 0x039000-0x039fff:S, 0x03a000-0x03afff:S, 0x03b000-0x03bfff:S, 0x03c000-0x03cfff:S, 0x03d000-0x03dfff:S, 0x03e000-0x03efff:S, 0x03f000-0x03ffff:S, 0x040000-0x040fff:S, 0x041000-0x041fff:S, 0x042000-0x042fff:S, 0x043000-0x043fff:S, 0x044000-0x044fff:S, 0x045000-0x045fff:S, 0x046000-0x046fff:S, 0x047000-0x047fff:S, 0x048000-0x048fff:S, 0x049000-0x049fff:S, 0x04a000-0x04afff:S, 0x04b000-0x04bfff:S, 0x04c000-0x04cfff:S, 0x04d000-0x04dfff:S, 0x04e000-0x04efff:S, 0x04f000-0x04ffff:S, 0x050000-0x050fff:S, 0x051000-0x051fff:S, 0x052000-0x052fff:S, 0x053000-0x053fff:S, 0x054000-0x054fff:S, 0x055000-0x055fff:S, 0x056000-0x056fff:S, 0x057000-0x057fff:S, 0x058000-0x058fff:S, 0x059000-0x059fff:S, 0x05a000-0x05afff:S, 0x05b000-0x05bfff:S, 0x05c000-0x05cfff:S, 0x05d000-0x05dfff:S, 0x05e000-0x05efff:S, 0x05f000-0x05ffff:S, 0x060000-0x060fff:S, 0x061000-0x061fff:S, 0x062000-0x062fff:S, 0x063000-0x063fff:S, 0x064000-0x064fff:S, 0x065000-0x065fff:S, 0x066000-0x066fff:S, 0x067000-0x067fff:S, 0x068000-0x068fff:S, 0x069000-0x069fff:S, 0x06a000-0x06afff:S, 0x06b000-0x06bfff:S, 0x06c000-0x06cfff:S, 0x06d000-0x06dfff:S, 0x06e000-0x06efff:S, 0x06f000-0x06ffff:S, 0x070000-0x070fff:S, 0x071000-0x071fff:S, 0x072000-0x072fff:S, 0x073000-0x073fff:S, 0x074000-0x074fff:S, 0x075000-0x075fff:S, 0x076000-0x076fff:S, 0x077000-0x077fff:S, 0x078000-0x078fff:S, 0x079000-0x079fff:S, 0x07a000-0x07afff:S, 0x07b000-0x07bfff:S, 0x07c000-0x07cfff:S, 0x07d000-0x07dfff:S, 0x07e000-0x07efff:S, 0x07f000-0x07ffff:S, 0x080000-0x080fff:S, 0x081000-0x081fff:S, 0x082000-0x082fff:S, 0x083000-0x083fff:S, 0x084000-0x084fff:S, 0x085000-0x085fff:S, 0x086000-0x086fff:S, 0x087000-0x087fff:S, 0x088000-0x088fff:S, 0x089000-0x089fff:S, 0x08a000-0x08afff:S, 0x08b000-0x08bfff:S, 0x08c000-0x08cfff:S, 0x08d000-0x08dfff:S, 0x08e000-0x08efff:S, 0x08f000-0x08ffff:S, 0x090000-0x090fff:S, 0x091000-0x091fff:S, 0x092000-0x092fff:S, 0x093000-0x093fff:S, 0x094000-0x094fff:S, 0x095000-0x095fff:S, 0x096000-0x096fff:S, 0x097000-0x097fff:S, 0x098000-0x098fff:S, 0x099000-0x099fff:S, 0x09a000-0x09afff:S, 0x09b000-0x09bfff:S, 0x09c000-0x09cfff:S, 0x09d000-0x09dfff:S, 0x09e000-0x09efff:S, 0x09f000-0x09ffff:S, 0x0a0000-0x0a0fff:S, 0x0a1000-0x0a1fff:S, 0x0a2000-0x0a2fff:S, 0x0a3000-0x0a3fff:S, 0x0a4000-0x0a4fff:S, 0x0a5000-0x0a5fff:S, 0x0a6000-0x0a6fff:S, 0x0a7000-0x0a7fff:S, 0x0a8000-0x0a8fff:S, 0x0a9000-0x0a9fff:S, 0x0aa000-0x0aafff:S, 0x0ab000-0x0abfff:S, 0x0ac000-0x0acfff:S, 0x0ad000-0x0adfff:S, 0x0ae000-0x0aefff:S, 0x0af000-0x0affff:S, 0x0b0000-0x0b0fff:S, 0x0b1000-0x0b1fff:S, 0x0b2000-0x0b2fff:S, 0x0b3000-0x0b3fff:S, 0x0b4000-0x0b4fff:S, 0x0b5000-0x0b5fff:S, 0x0b6000-0x0b6fff:S, 0x0b7000-0x0b7fff:S, 0x0b8000-0x0b8fff:S, 0x0b9000-0x0b9fff:S, 0x0ba000-0x0bafff:S, 0x0bb000-0x0bbfff:S, 0x0bc000-0x0bcfff:S, 0x0bd000-0x0bdfff:S, 0x0be000-0x0befff:S, 0x0bf000-0x0bffff:S, 0x0c0000-0x0c0fff:S, 0x0c1000-0x0c1fff:S, 0x0c2000-0x0c2fff:S, 0x0c3000-0x0c3fff:S, 0x0c4000-0x0c4fff:S, 0x0c5000-0x0c5fff:S, 0x0c6000-0x0c6fff:S, 0x0c7000-0x0c7fff:S, 0x0c8000-0x0c8fff:S, 0x0c9000-0x0c9fff:S, 0x0ca000-0x0cafff:S, 0x0cb000-0x0cbfff:S, 0x0cc000-0x0ccfff:S, 0x0cd000-0x0cdfff:S, 0x0ce000-0x0cefff:S, 0x0cf000-0x0cffff:S, 0x0d0000-0x0d0fff:S, 0x0d1000-0x0d1fff:S, 0x0d2000-0x0d2fff:S, 0x0d3000-0x0d3fff:S, 0x0d4000-0x0d4fff:S, 0x0d5000-0x0d5fff:S, 0x0d6000-0x0d6fff:S, 0x0d7000-0x0d7fff:S, 0x0d8000-0x0d8fff:S, 0x0d9000-0x0d9fff:S, 0x0da000-0x0dafff:S, 0x0db000-0x0dbfff:S, 0x0dc000-0x0dcfff:S, 0x0dd000-0x0ddfff:S, 0x0de000-0x0defff:S, 0x0df000-0x0dffff:S, 0x0e0000-0x0e0fff:S, 0x0e1000-0x0e1fff:S, 0x0e2000-0x0e2fff:S, 0x0e3000-0x0e3fff:S, 0x0e4000-0x0e4fff:S, 0x0e5000-0x0e5fff:S, 0x0e6000-0x0e6fff:S, 0x0e7000-0x0e7fff:S, 0x0e8000-0x0e8fff:S, 0x0e9000-0x0e9fff:S, 0x0ea000-0x0eafff:S, 0x0eb000-0x0ebfff:S, 0x0ec000-0x0ecfff:S, 0x0ed000-0x0edfff:S, 0x0ee000-0x0eefff:S, 0x0ef000-0x0effff:S, 0x0f0000-0x0f0fff:S, 0x0f1000-0x0f1fff:S, 0x0f2000-0x0f2fff:S, 0x0f3000-0x0f3fff:S, 0x0f4000-0x0f4fff:S, 0x0f5000-0x0f5fff:S, 0x0f6000-0x0f6fff:S, 0x0f7000-0x0f7fff:S, 0x0f8000-0x0f8fff:S, 0x0f9000-0x0f9fff:S, 0x0fa000-0x0fafff:S, 0x0fb000-0x0fbfff:S, 0x0fc000-0x0fcfff:S, 0x0fd000-0x0fdfff:S, 0x0fe000-0x0fefff:S, 0x0ff000-0x0fffff:S, 0x100000-0x100fff:S, 0x101000-0x101fff:S, 0x102000-0x102fff:S, 0x103000-0x103fff:S, 0x104000-0x104fff:S, 0x105000-0x105fff:S, 0x106000-0x106fff:S, 0x107000-0x107fff:S, 0x108000-0x108fff:S, 0x109000-0x109fff:S, 0x10a000-0x10afff:S, 0x10b000-0x10bfff:S, 0x10c000-0x10cfff:S, 0x10d000-0x10dfff:S, 0x10e000-0x10efff:S, 0x10f000-0x10ffff:S, 0x110000-0x110fff:S, 0x111000-0x111fff:S, 0x112000-0x112fff:S, 0x113000-0x113fff:S, 0x114000-0x114fff:S, 0x115000-0x115fff:S, 0x116000-0x116fff:S, 0x117000-0x117fff:S, 0x118000-0x118fff:S, 0x119000-0x119fff:S, 0x11a000-0x11afff:S, 0x11b000-0x11bfff:S, 0x11c000-0x11cfff:S, 0x11d000-0x11dfff:S, 0x11e000-0x11efff:S, 0x11f000-0x11ffff:S, 0x120000-0x120fff:S, 0x121000-0x121fff:S, 0x122000-0x122fff:S, 0x123000-0x123fff:S, 0x124000-0x124fff:S, 0x125000-0x125fff:S, 0x126000-0x126fff:S, 0x127000-0x127fff:S, 0x128000-0x128fff:S, 0x129000-0x129fff:S, 0x12a000-0x12afff:S, 0x12b000-0x12bfff:S, 0x12c000-0x12cfff:S, 0x12d000-0x12dfff:S, 0x12e000-0x12efff:S, 0x12f000-0x12ffff:S, 0x130000-0x130fff:S, 0x131000-0x131fff:S, 0x132000-0x132fff:S, 0x133000-0x133fff:S, 0x134000-0x134fff:S, 0x135000-0x135fff:S, 0x136000-0x136fff:S, 0x137000-0x137fff:S, 0x138000-0x138fff:S, 0x139000-0x139fff:S, 0x13a000-0x13afff:S, 0x13b000-0x13bfff:S, 0x13c000-0x13cfff:S, 0x13d000-0x13dfff:S, 0x13e000-0x13efff:S, 0x13f000-0x13ffff:S, 0x140000-0x140fff:S, 0x141000-0x141fff:S, 0x142000-0x142fff:S, 0x143000-0x143fff:S, 0x144000-0x144fff:S, 0x145000-0x145fff:S, 0x146000-0x146fff:S, 0x147000-0x147fff:S, 0x148000-0x148fff:S, 0x149000-0x149fff:S, 0x14a000-0x14afff:S, 0x14b000-0x14bfff:S, 0x14c000-0x14cfff:S, 0x14d000-0x14dfff:S, 0x14e000-0x14efff:S, 0x14f000-0x14ffff:S, 0x150000-0x150fff:S, 0x151000-0x151fff:S, 0x152000-0x152fff:S, 0x153000-0x153fff:S, 0x154000-0x154fff:S, 0x155000-0x155fff:S, 0x156000-0x156fff:S, 0x157000-0x157fff:S, 0x158000-0x158fff:S, 0x159000-0x159fff:S, 0x15a000-0x15afff:S, 0x15b000-0x15bfff:S, 0x15c000-0x15cfff:S, 0x15d000-0x15dfff:S, 0x15e000-0x15efff:S, 0x15f000-0x15ffff:S, 0x160000-0x160fff:S, 0x161000-0x161fff:S, 0x162000-0x162fff:S, 0x163000-0x163fff:S, 0x164000-0x164fff:S, 0x165000-0x165fff:S, 0x166000-0x166fff:S, 0x167000-0x167fff:S, 0x168000-0x168fff:S, 0x169000-0x169fff:S, 0x16a000-0x16afff:S, 0x16b000-0x16bfff:S, 0x16c000-0x16cfff:S, 0x16d000-0x16dfff:S, 0x16e000-0x16efff:S, 0x16f000-0x16ffff:S, 0x170000-0x170fff:S, 0x171000-0x171fff:S, 0x172000-0x172fff:S, 0x173000-0x173fff:S, 0x174000-0x174fff:S, 0x175000-0x175fff:S, 0x176000-0x176fff:S, 0x177000-0x177fff:S, 0x178000-0x178fff:S, 0x179000-0x179fff:S, 0x17a000-0x17afff:S, 0x17b000-0x17bfff:S, 0x17c000-0x17cfff:S, 0x17d000-0x17dfff:S, 0x17e000-0x17efff:S, 0x17f000-0x17ffff:S, 0x180000-0x180fff:S, 0x181000-0x181fff:S, 0x182000-0x182fff:S, 0x183000-0x183fff:S, 0x184000-0x184fff:S, 0x185000-0x185fff:S, 0x186000-0x186fff:S, 0x187000-0x187fff:S, 0x188000-0x188fff:S, 0x189000-0x189fff:S, 0x18a000-0x18afff:S, 0x18b000-0x18bfff:S, 0x18c000-0x18cfff:S, 0x18d000-0x18dfff:S, 0x18e000-0x18efff:S, 0x18f000-0x18ffff:S, 0x190000-0x190fff:S, 0x191000-0x191fff:S, 0x192000-0x192fff:S, 0x193000-0x193fff:S, 0x194000-0x194fff:S, 0x195000-0x195fff:S, 0x196000-0x196fff:S, 0x197000-0x197fff:S, 0x198000-0x198fff:S, 0x199000-0x199fff:S, 0x19a000-0x19afff:S, 0x19b000-0x19bfff:S, 0x19c000-0x19cfff:S, 0x19d000-0x19dfff:S, 0x19e000-0x19efff:S, 0x19f000-0x19ffff:S, 0x1a0000-0x1a0fff:S, 0x1a1000-0x1a1fff:S, 0x1a2000-0x1a2fff:S, 0x1a3000-0x1a3fff:S, 0x1a4000-0x1a4fff:S, 0x1a5000-0x1a5fff:S, 0x1a6000-0x1a6fff:S, 0x1a7000-0x1a7fff:S, 0x1a8000-0x1a8fff:S, 0x1a9000-0x1a9fff:S, 0x1aa000-0x1aafff:S, 0x1ab000-0x1abfff:S, 0x1ac000-0x1acfff:S, 0x1ad000-0x1adfff:S, 0x1ae000-0x1aefff:S, 0x1af000-0x1affff:S, 0x1b0000-0x1b0fff:S, 0x1b1000-0x1b1fff:S, 0x1b2000-0x1b2fff:S, 0x1b3000-0x1b3fff:S, 0x1b4000-0x1b4fff:S, 0x1b5000-0x1b5fff:S, 0x1b6000-0x1b6fff:S, 0x1b7000-0x1b7fff:S, 0x1b8000-0x1b8fff:S, 0x1b9000-0x1b9fff:S, 0x1ba000-0x1bafff:S, 0x1bb000-0x1bbfff:S, 0x1bc000-0x1bcfff:S, 0x1bd000-0x1bdfff:S, 0x1be000-0x1befff:S, 0x1bf000-0x1bffff:S, 0x1c0000-0x1c0fff:S, 0x1c1000-0x1c1fff:S, 0x1c2000-0x1c2fff:S, 0x1c3000-0x1c3fff:S, 0x1c4000-0x1c4fff:S, 0x1c5000-0x1c5fff:S, 0x1c6000-0x1c6fff:S, 0x1c7000-0x1c7fff:S, 0x1c8000-0x1c8fff:S, 0x1c9000-0x1c9fff:S, 0x1ca000-0x1cafff:S, 0x1cb000-0x1cbfff:S, 0x1cc000-0x1ccfff:S, 0x1cd000-0x1cdfff:S, 0x1ce000-0x1cefff:S, 0x1cf000-0x1cffff:S, 0x1d0000-0x1d0fff:S, 0x1d1000-0x1d1fff:S, 0x1d2000-0x1d2fff:S, 0x1d3000-0x1d3fff:S, 0x1d4000-0x1d4fff:S, 0x1d5000-0x1d5fff:S, 0x1d6000-0x1d6fff:S, 0x1d7000-0x1d7fff:S, 0x1d8000-0x1d8fff:S, 0x1d9000-0x1d9fff:S, 0x1da000-0x1dafff:S, 0x1db000-0x1dbfff:S, 0x1dc000-0x1dcfff:S, 0x1dd000-0x1ddfff:S, 0x1de000-0x1defff:S, 0x1df000-0x1dffff:S, 0x1e0000-0x1e0fff:S, 0x1e1000-0x1e1fff:S, 0x1e2000-0x1e2fff:S, 0x1e3000-0x1e3fff:S, 0x1e4000-0x1e4fff:S, 0x1e5000-0x1e5fff:S, 0x1e6000-0x1e6fff:S, 0x1e7000-0x1e7fff:S, 0x1e8000-0x1e8fff:S, 0x1e9000-0x1e9fff:S, 0x1ea000-0x1eafff:S, 0x1eb000-0x1ebfff:S, 0x1ec000-0x1ecfff:S, 0x1ed000-0x1edfff:S, 0x1ee000-0x1eefff:S, 0x1ef000-0x1effff:S, 0x1f0000-0x1f0fff:S, 0x1f1000-0x1f1fff:S, 0x1f2000-0x1f2fff:S, 0x1f3000-0x1f3fff:S, 0x1f4000-0x1f4fff:S, 0x1f5000-0x1f5fff:S, 0x1f6000-0x1f6fff:S, 0x1f7000-0x1f7fff:S, 0x1f8000-0x1f8fff:S, 0x1f9000-0x1f9fff:S, 0x1fa000-0x1fafff:S, 0x1fb000-0x1fbfff:S, 0x1fc000-0x1fcfff:S, 0x1fd000-0x1fdfff:S, 0x1fe000-0x1fefff:S, 0x1ff000-0x1fffff:S, 0x200000-0x200fff:S, 0x201000-0x201fff:S, 0x202000-0x202fff:S, 0x203000-0x203fff:S, 0x204000-0x204fff:S, 0x205000-0x205fff:S, 0x206000-0x206fff:S, 0x207000-0x207fff:S, 0x208000-0x208fff:S, 0x209000-0x209fff:S, 0x20a000-0x20afff:S, 0x20b000-0x20bfff:S, 0x20c000-0x20cfff:S, 0x20d000-0x20dfff:S, 0x20e000-0x20efff:S, 0x20f000-0x20ffff:S, 0x210000-0x210fff:S, 0x211000-0x211fff:S, 0x212000-0x212fff:S, 0x213000-0x213fff:S, 0x214000-0x214fff:S, 0x215000-0x215fff:S, 0x216000-0x216fff:S, 0x217000-0x217fff:S, 0x218000-0x218fff:S, 0x219000-0x219fff:S, 0x21a000-0x21afff:S, 0x21b000-0x21bfff:S, 0x21c000-0x21cfff:S, 0x21d000-0x21dfff:S, 0x21e000-0x21efff:S, 0x21f000-0x21ffff:S, 0x220000-0x220fff:S, 0x221000-0x221fff:S, 0x222000-0x222fff:S, 0x223000-0x223fff:S, 0x224000-0x224fff:S, 0x225000-0x225fff:S, 0x226000-0x226fff:S, 0x227000-0x227fff:S, 0x228000-0x228fff:S, 0x229000-0x229fff:S, 0x22a000-0x22afff:S, 0x22b000-0x22bfff:S, 0x22c000-0x22cfff:S, 0x22d000-0x22dfff:S, 0x22e000-0x22efff:S, 0x22f000-0x22ffff:S, 0x230000-0x230fff:S, 0x231000-0x231fff:S, 0x232000-0x232fff:S, 0x233000-0x233fff:S, 0x234000-0x234fff:S, 0x235000-0x235fff:S, 0x236000-0x236fff:S, 0x237000-0x237fff:S, 0x238000-0x238fff:S, 0x239000-0x239fff:S, 0x23a000-0x23afff:S, 0x23b000-0x23bfff:S, 0x23c000-0x23cfff:S, 0x23d000-0x23dfff:S, 0x23e000-0x23efff:S, 0x23f000-0x23ffff:S, 0x240000-0x240fff:S, 0x241000-0x241fff:S, 0x242000-0x242fff:S, 0x243000-0x243fff:S, 0x244000-0x244fff:S, 0x245000-0x245fff:S, 0x246000-0x246fff:S, 0x247000-0x247fff:S, 0x248000-0x248fff:S, 0x249000-0x249fff:S, 0x24a000-0x24afff:S, 0x24b000-0x24bfff:S, 0x24c000-0x24cfff:S, 0x24d000-0x24dfff:S, 0x24e000-0x24efff:S, 0x24f000-0x24ffff:S, 0x250000-0x250fff:S, 0x251000-0x251fff:S, 0x252000-0x252fff:S, 0x253000-0x253fff:S, 0x254000-0x254fff:S, 0x255000-0x255fff:S, 0x256000-0x256fff:S, 0x257000-0x257fff:S, 0x258000-0x258fff:S, 0x259000-0x259fff:S, 0x25a000-0x25afff:S, 0x25b000-0x25bfff:S, 0x25c000-0x25cfff:S, 0x25d000-0x25dfff:S, 0x25e000-0x25efff:S, 0x25f000-0x25ffff:S, 0x260000-0x260fff:S, 0x261000-0x261fff:S, 0x262000-0x262fff:S, 0x263000-0x263fff:S, 0x264000-0x264fff:S, 0x265000-0x265fff:S, 0x266000-0x266fff:S, 0x267000-0x267fff:S, 0x268000-0x268fff:S, 0x269000-0x269fff:S, 0x26a000-0x26afff:S, 0x26b000-0x26bfff:S, 0x26c000-0x26cfff:S, 0x26d000-0x26dfff:S, 0x26e000-0x26efff:S, 0x26f000-0x26ffff:S, 0x270000-0x270fff:S, 0x271000-0x271fff:S, 0x272000-0x272fff:S, 0x273000-0x273fff:S, 0x274000-0x274fff:S, 0x275000-0x275fff:S, 0x276000-0x276fff:S, 0x277000-0x277fff:S, 0x278000-0x278fff:S, 0x279000-0x279fff:S, 0x27a000-0x27afff:S, 0x27b000-0x27bfff:S, 0x27c000-0x27cfff:S, 0x27d000-0x27dfff:S, 0x27e000-0x27efff:S, 0x27f000-0x27ffff:S, 0x280000-0x280fff:S, 0x281000-0x281fff:S, 0x282000-0x282fff:S, 0x283000-0x283fff:S, 0x284000-0x284fff:S, 0x285000-0x285fff:S, 0x286000-0x286fff:S, 0x287000-0x287fff:S, 0x288000-0x288fff:S, 0x289000-0x289fff:S, 0x28a000-0x28afff:S, 0x28b000-0x28bfff:S, 0x28c000-0x28cfff:S, 0x28d000-0x28dfff:S, 0x28e000-0x28efff:S, 0x28f000-0x28ffff:S, 0x290000-0x290fff:S, 0x291000-0x291fff:S, 0x292000-0x292fff:S, 0x293000-0x293fff:S, 0x294000-0x294fff:S, 0x295000-0x295fff:S, 0x296000-0x296fff:S, 0x297000-0x297fff:S, 0x298000-0x298fff:S, 0x299000-0x299fff:S, 0x29a000-0x29afff:S, 0x29b000-0x29bfff:S, 0x29c000-0x29cfff:S, 0x29d000-0x29dfff:S, 0x29e000-0x29efff:S, 0x29f000-0x29ffff:S, 0x2a0000-0x2a0fff:S, 0x2a1000-0x2a1fff:S, 0x2a2000-0x2a2fff:S, 0x2a3000-0x2a3fff:S, 0x2a4000-0x2a4fff:S, 0x2a5000-0x2a5fff:S, 0x2a6000-0x2a6fff:S, 0x2a7000-0x2a7fff:S, 0x2a8000-0x2a8fff:S, 0x2a9000-0x2a9fff:S, 0x2aa000-0x2aafff:S, 0x2ab000-0x2abfff:S, 0x2ac000-0x2acfff:S, 0x2ad000-0x2adfff:S, 0x2ae000-0x2aefff:S, 0x2af000-0x2affff:S, 0x2b0000-0x2b0fff:S, 0x2b1000-0x2b1fff:S, 0x2b2000-0x2b2fff:S, 0x2b3000-0x2b3fff:S, 0x2b4000-0x2b4fff:S, 0x2b5000-0x2b5fff:S, 0x2b6000-0x2b6fff:S, 0x2b7000-0x2b7fff:S, 0x2b8000-0x2b8fff:S, 0x2b9000-0x2b9fff:S, 0x2ba000-0x2bafff:S, 0x2bb000-0x2bbfff:S, 0x2bc000-0x2bcfff:S, 0x2bd000-0x2bdfff:S, 0x2be000-0x2befff:S, 0x2bf000-0x2bffff:S, 0x2c0000-0x2c0fff:S, 0x2c1000-0x2c1fff:S, 0x2c2000-0x2c2fff:S, 0x2c3000-0x2c3fff:S, 0x2c4000-0x2c4fff:S, 0x2c5000-0x2c5fff:S, 0x2c6000-0x2c6fff:S, 0x2c7000-0x2c7fff:S, 0x2c8000-0x2c8fff:S, 0x2c9000-0x2c9fff:S, 0x2ca000-0x2cafff:S, 0x2cb000-0x2cbfff:S, 0x2cc000-0x2ccfff:S, 0x2cd000-0x2cdfff:S, 0x2ce000-0x2cefff:S, 0x2cf000-0x2cffff:S, 0x2d0000-0x2d0fff:S, 0x2d1000-0x2d1fff:S, 0x2d2000-0x2d2fff:S, 0x2d3000-0x2d3fff:S, 0x2d4000-0x2d4fff:S, 0x2d5000-0x2d5fff:S, 0x2d6000-0x2d6fff:S, 0x2d7000-0x2d7fff:S, 0x2d8000-0x2d8fff:S, 0x2d9000-0x2d9fff:S, 0x2da000-0x2dafff:S, 0x2db000-0x2dbfff:S, 0x2dc000-0x2dcfff:S, 0x2dd000-0x2ddfff:S, 0x2de000-0x2defff:S, 0x2df000-0x2dffff:S, 0x2e0000-0x2e0fff:S, 0x2e1000-0x2e1fff:S, 0x2e2000-0x2e2fff:S, 0x2e3000-0x2e3fff:S, 0x2e4000-0x2e4fff:S, 0x2e5000-0x2e5fff:S, 0x2e6000-0x2e6fff:S, 0x2e7000-0x2e7fff:S, 0x2e8000-0x2e8fff:S, 0x2e9000-0x2e9fff:S, 0x2ea000-0x2eafff:S, 0x2eb000-0x2ebfff:S, 0x2ec000-0x2ecfff:S, 0x2ed000-0x2edfff:S, 0x2ee000-0x2eefff:S, 0x2ef000-0x2effff:S, 0x2f0000-0x2f0fff:S, 0x2f1000-0x2f1fff:S, 0x2f2000-0x2f2fff:S, 0x2f3000-0x2f3fff:S, 0x2f4000-0x2f4fff:S, 0x2f5000-0x2f5fff:S, 0x2f6000-0x2f6fff:S, 0x2f7000-0x2f7fff:S, 0x2f8000-0x2f8fff:S, 0x2f9000-0x2f9fff:S, 0x2fa000-0x2fafff:S, 0x2fb000-0x2fbfff:S, 0x2fc000-0x2fcfff:S, 0x2fd000-0x2fdfff:S, 0x2fe000-0x2fefff:S, 0x2ff000-0x2fffff:S, 0x300000-0x300fff:S, 0x301000-0x301fff:S, 0x302000-0x302fff:S, 0x303000-0x303fff:S, 0x304000-0x304fff:S, 0x305000-0x305fff:S, 0x306000-0x306fff:S, 0x307000-0x307fff:S, 0x308000-0x308fff:S, 0x309000-0x309fff:S, 0x30a000-0x30afff:S, 0x30b000-0x30bfff:S, 0x30c000-0x30cfff:S, 0x30d000-0x30dfff:S, 0x30e000-0x30efff:S, 0x30f000-0x30ffff:S, 0x310000-0x310fff:S, 0x311000-0x311fff:S, 0x312000-0x312fff:S, 0x313000-0x313fff:S, 0x314000-0x314fff:S, 0x315000-0x315fff:S, 0x316000-0x316fff:S, 0x317000-0x317fff:S, 0x318000-0x318fff:S, 0x319000-0x319fff:S, 0x31a000-0x31afff:S, 0x31b000-0x31bfff:S, 0x31c000-0x31cfff:S, 0x31d000-0x31dfff:S, 0x31e000-0x31efff:S, 0x31f000-0x31ffff:S, 0x320000-0x320fff:S, 0x321000-0x321fff:S, 0x322000-0x322fff:S, 0x323000-0x323fff:S, 0x324000-0x324fff:S, 0x325000-0x325fff:S, 0x326000-0x326fff:S, 0x327000-0x327fff:S, 0x328000-0x328fff:S, 0x329000-0x329fff:S, 0x32a000-0x32afff:S, 0x32b000-0x32bfff:S, 0x32c000-0x32cfff:S, 0x32d000-0x32dfff:S, 0x32e000-0x32efff:S, 0x32f000-0x32ffff:S, 0x330000-0x330fff:S, 0x331000-0x331fff:S, 0x332000-0x332fff:S, 0x333000-0x333fff:S, 0x334000-0x334fff:S, 0x335000-0x335fff:S, 0x336000-0x336fff:S, 0x337000-0x337fff:S, 0x338000-0x338fff:S, 0x339000-0x339fff:S, 0x33a000-0x33afff:S, 0x33b000-0x33bfff:S, 0x33c000-0x33cfff:S, 0x33d000-0x33dfff:S, 0x33e000-0x33efff:S, 0x33f000-0x33ffff:S, 0x340000-0x340fff:S, 0x341000-0x341fff:S, 0x342000-0x342fff:S, 0x343000-0x343fff:S, 0x344000-0x344fff:S, 0x345000-0x345fff:S, 0x346000-0x346fff:S, 0x347000-0x347fff:S, 0x348000-0x348fff:S, 0x349000-0x349fff:S, 0x34a000-0x34afff:S, 0x34b000-0x34bfff:S, 0x34c000-0x34cfff:S, 0x34d000-0x34dfff:S, 0x34e000-0x34efff:S, 0x34f000-0x34ffff:S, 0x350000-0x350fff:S, 0x351000-0x351fff:S, 0x352000-0x352fff:S, 0x353000-0x353fff:S, 0x354000-0x354fff:S, 0x355000-0x355fff:S, 0x356000-0x356fff:S, 0x357000-0x357fff:S, 0x358000-0x358fff:S, 0x359000-0x359fff:S, 0x35a000-0x35afff:S, 0x35b000-0x35bfff:S, 0x35c000-0x35cfff:S, 0x35d000-0x35dfff:S, 0x35e000-0x35efff:S, 0x35f000-0x35ffff:S, 0x360000-0x360fff:S, 0x361000-0x361fff:S, 0x362000-0x362fff:S, 0x363000-0x363fff:S, 0x364000-0x364fff:S, 0x365000-0x365fff:S, 0x366000-0x366fff:S, 0x367000-0x367fff:S, 0x368000-0x368fff:S, 0x369000-0x369fff:S, 0x36a000-0x36afff:S, 0x36b000-0x36bfff:S, 0x36c000-0x36cfff:S, 0x36d000-0x36dfff:S, 0x36e000-0x36efff:S, 0x36f000-0x36ffff:S, 0x370000-0x370fff:S, 0x371000-0x371fff:S, 0x372000-0x372fff:S, 0x373000-0x373fff:S, 0x374000-0x374fff:S, 0x375000-0x375fff:S, 0x376000-0x376fff:S, 0x377000-0x377fff:S, 0x378000-0x378fff:S, 0x379000-0x379fff:S, 0x37a000-0x37afff:S, 0x37b000-0x37bfff:S, 0x37c000-0x37cfff:S, 0x37d000-0x37dfff:S, 0x37e000-0x37efff:S, 0x37f000-0x37ffff:S, 0x380000-0x380fff:S, 0x381000-0x381fff:S, 0x382000-0x382fff:S, 0x383000-0x383fff:S, 0x384000-0x384fff:S, 0x385000-0x385fff:S, 0x386000-0x386fff:S, 0x387000-0x387fff:S, 0x388000-0x388fff:S, 0x389000-0x389fff:S, 0x38a000-0x38afff:S, 0x38b000-0x38bfff:S, 0x38c000-0x38cfff:S, 0x38d000-0x38dfff:S, 0x38e000-0x38efff:S, 0x38f000-0x38ffff:S, 0x390000-0x390fff:S, 0x391000-0x391fff:S, 0x392000-0x392fff:S, 0x393000-0x393fff:S, 0x394000-0x394fff:S, 0x395000-0x395fff:S, 0x396000-0x396fff:S, 0x397000-0x397fff:S, 0x398000-0x398fff:S, 0x399000-0x399fff:S, 0x39a000-0x39afff:S, 0x39b000-0x39bfff:S, 0x39c000-0x39cfff:S, 0x39d000-0x39dfff:S, 0x39e000-0x39efff:S, 0x39f000-0x39ffff:S, 0x3a0000-0x3a0fff:S, 0x3a1000-0x3a1fff:S, 0x3a2000-0x3a2fff:S, 0x3a3000-0x3a3fff:S, 0x3a4000-0x3a4fff:S, 0x3a5000-0x3a5fff:S, 0x3a6000-0x3a6fff:S, 0x3a7000-0x3a7fff:S, 0x3a8000-0x3a8fff:S, 0x3a9000-0x3a9fff:S, 0x3aa000-0x3aafff:S, 0x3ab000-0x3abfff:S, 0x3ac000-0x3acfff:S, 0x3ad000-0x3adfff:S, 0x3ae000-0x3aefff:S, 0x3af000-0x3affff:S, 0x3b0000-0x3b0fff:S, 0x3b1000-0x3b1fff:S, 0x3b2000-0x3b2fff:S, 0x3b3000-0x3b3fff:S, 0x3b4000-0x3b4fff:S, 0x3b5000-0x3b5fff:S, 0x3b6000-0x3b6fff:S, 0x3b7000-0x3b7fff:S, 0x3b8000-0x3b8fff:S, 0x3b9000-0x3b9fff:S, 0x3ba000-0x3bafff:S, 0x3bb000-0x3bbfff:S, 0x3bc000-0x3bcfff:S, 0x3bd000-0x3bdfff:S, 0x3be000-0x3befff:S, 0x3bf000-0x3bffff:S, 0x3c0000-0x3c0fff:S, 0x3c1000-0x3c1fff:S, 0x3c2000-0x3c2fff:S, 0x3c3000-0x3c3fff:S, 0x3c4000-0x3c4fff:S, 0x3c5000-0x3c5fff:S, 0x3c6000-0x3c6fff:S, 0x3c7000-0x3c7fff:S, 0x3c8000-0x3c8fff:S, 0x3c9000-0x3c9fff:S, 0x3ca000-0x3cafff:S, 0x3cb000-0x3cbfff:S, 0x3cc000-0x3ccfff:S, 0x3cd000-0x3cdfff:S, 0x3ce000-0x3cefff:S, 0x3cf000-0x3cffff:S, 0x3d0000-0x3d0fff:S, 0x3d1000-0x3d1fff:S, 0x3d2000-0x3d2fff:S, 0x3d3000-0x3d3fff:S, 0x3d4000-0x3d4fff:S, 0x3d5000-0x3d5fff:S, 0x3d6000-0x3d6fff:S, 0x3d7000-0x3d7fff:S, 0x3d8000-0x3d8fff:S, 0x3d9000-0x3d9fff:S, 0x3da000-0x3dafff:S, 0x3db000-0x3dbfff:S, 0x3dc000-0x3dcfff:S, 0x3dd000-0x3ddfff:S, 0x3de000-0x3defff:S, 0x3df000-0x3dffff:S, 0x3e0000-0x3e0fff:S, 0x3e1000-0x3e1fff:S, 0x3e2000-0x3e2fff:S, 0x3e3000-0x3e3fff:S, 0x3e4000-0x3e4fff:S, 0x3e5000-0x3e5fff:S, 0x3e6000-0x3e6fff:S, 0x3e7000-0x3e7fff:S, 0x3e8000-0x3e8fff:S, 0x3e9000-0x3e9fff:S, 0x3ea000-0x3eafff:S, 0x3eb000-0x3ebfff:S, 0x3ec000-0x3ecfff:S, 0x3ed000-0x3edfff:S, 0x3ee000-0x3eefff:S, 0x3ef000-0x3effff:S, 0x3f0000-0x3f0fff:S, 0x3f1000-0x3f1fff:S, 0x3f2000-0x3f2fff:S, 0x3f3000-0x3f3fff:S, 0x3f4000-0x3f4fff:S, 0x3f5000-0x3f5fff:S, 0x3f6000-0x3f6fff:S, 0x3f7000-0x3f7fff:S, 0x3f8000-0x3f8fff:S, 0x3f9000-0x3f9fff:S, 0x3fa000-0x3fafff:S, 0x3fb000-0x3fbfff:S, 0x3fc000-0x3fcfff:S, 0x3fd000-0x3fdfff:S, 0x3fe000-0x3fefff:S, 0x3ff000-0x3fffff:S, 0x400000-0x400fff:S, 0x401000-0x401fff:S, 0x402000-0x402fff:S, 0x403000-0x403fff:S, 0x404000-0x404fff:S, 0x405000-0x405fff:S, 0x406000-0x406fff:S, 0x407000-0x407fff:S, 0x408000-0x408fff:S, 0x409000-0x409fff:S, 0x40a000-0x40afff:S, 0x40b000-0x40bfff:S, 0x40c000-0x40cfff:S, 0x40d000-0x40dfff:S, 0x40e000-0x40efff:S, 0x40f000-0x40ffff:S, 0x410000-0x410fff:S, 0x411000-0x411fff:S, 0x412000-0x412fff:S, 0x413000-0x413fff:S, 0x414000-0x414fff:S, 0x415000-0x415fff:S, 0x416000-0x416fff:S, 0x417000-0x417fff:S, 0x418000-0x418fff:S, 0x419000-0x419fff:S, 0x41a000-0x41afff:S, 0x41b000-0x41bfff:S, 0x41c000-0x41cfff:S, 0x41d000-0x41dfff:S, 0x41e000-0x41efff:S, 0x41f000-0x41ffff:S, 0x420000-0x420fff:S, 0x421000-0x421fff:S, 0x422000-0x422fff:S, 0x423000-0x423fff:S, 0x424000-0x424fff:S, 0x425000-0x425fff:S, 0x426000-0x426fff:S, 0x427000-0x427fff:S, 0x428000-0x428fff:S, 0x429000-0x429fff:S, 0x42a000-0x42afff:S, 0x42b000-0x42bfff:S, 0x42c000-0x42cfff:S, 0x42d000-0x42dfff:S, 0x42e000-0x42efff:S, 0x42f000-0x42ffff:S, 0x430000-0x430fff:S, 0x431000-0x431fff:S, 0x432000-0x432fff:S, 0x433000-0x433fff:S, 0x434000-0x434fff:S, 0x435000-0x435fff:S, 0x436000-0x436fff:S, 0x437000-0x437fff:S, 0x438000-0x438fff:S, 0x439000-0x439fff:S, 0x43a000-0x43afff:S, 0x43b000-0x43bfff:S, 0x43c000-0x43cfff:S, 0x43d000-0x43dfff:S, 0x43e000-0x43efff:S, 0x43f000-0x43ffff:S, 0x440000-0x440fff:S, 0x441000-0x441fff:S, 0x442000-0x442fff:S, 0x443000-0x443fff:S, 0x444000-0x444fff:S, 0x445000-0x445fff:S, 0x446000-0x446fff:S, 0x447000-0x447fff:S, 0x448000-0x448fff:S, 0x449000-0x449fff:S, 0x44a000-0x44afff:S, 0x44b000-0x44bfff:S, 0x44c000-0x44cfff:S, 0x44d000-0x44dfff:S, 0x44e000-0x44efff:S, 0x44f000-0x44ffff:S, 0x450000-0x450fff:S, 0x451000-0x451fff:S, 0x452000-0x452fff:S, 0x453000-0x453fff:S, 0x454000-0x454fff:S, 0x455000-0x455fff:S, 0x456000-0x456fff:S, 0x457000-0x457fff:S, 0x458000-0x458fff:S, 0x459000-0x459fff:S, 0x45a000-0x45afff:S, 0x45b000-0x45bfff:S, 0x45c000-0x45cfff:S, 0x45d000-0x45dfff:S, 0x45e000-0x45efff:S, 0x45f000-0x45ffff:S, 0x460000-0x460fff:S, 0x461000-0x461fff:S, 0x462000-0x462fff:S, 0x463000-0x463fff:S, 0x464000-0x464fff:S, 0x465000-0x465fff:S, 0x466000-0x466fff:S, 0x467000-0x467fff:S, 0x468000-0x468fff:S, 0x469000-0x469fff:S, 0x46a000-0x46afff:S, 0x46b000-0x46bfff:S, 0x46c000-0x46cfff:S, 0x46d000-0x46dfff:S, 0x46e000-0x46efff:S, 0x46f000-0x46ffff:S, 0x470000-0x470fff:S, 0x471000-0x471fff:S, 0x472000-0x472fff:S, 0x473000-0x473fff:S, 0x474000-0x474fff:S, 0x475000-0x475fff:S, 0x476000-0x476fff:S, 0x477000-0x477fff:S, 0x478000-0x478fff:S, 0x479000-0x479fff:S, 0x47a000-0x47afff:S, 0x47b000-0x47bfff:S, 0x47c000-0x47cfff:S, 0x47d000-0x47dfff:S, 0x47e000-0x47efff:S, 0x47f000-0x47ffff:S, 0x480000-0x480fff:S, 0x481000-0x481fff:S, 0x482000-0x482fff:S, 0x483000-0x483fff:S, 0x484000-0x484fff:S, 0x485000-0x485fff:S, 0x486000-0x486fff:S, 0x487000-0x487fff:S, 0x488000-0x488fff:S, 0x489000-0x489fff:S, 0x48a000-0x48afff:S, 0x48b000-0x48bfff:S, 0x48c000-0x48cfff:S, 0x48d000-0x48dfff:S, 0x48e000-0x48efff:S, 0x48f000-0x48ffff:S, 0x490000-0x490fff:S, 0x491000-0x491fff:S, 0x492000-0x492fff:S, 0x493000-0x493fff:S, 0x494000-0x494fff:S, 0x495000-0x495fff:S, 0x496000-0x496fff:S, 0x497000-0x497fff:S, 0x498000-0x498fff:S, 0x499000-0x499fff:S, 0x49a000-0x49afff:S, 0x49b000-0x49bfff:S, 0x49c000-0x49cfff:S, 0x49d000-0x49dfff:S, 0x49e000-0x49efff:S, 0x49f000-0x49ffff:S, 0x4a0000-0x4a0fff:S, 0x4a1000-0x4a1fff:S, 0x4a2000-0x4a2fff:S, 0x4a3000-0x4a3fff:S, 0x4a4000-0x4a4fff:S, 0x4a5000-0x4a5fff:S, 0x4a6000-0x4a6fff:S, 0x4a7000-0x4a7fff:S, 0x4a8000-0x4a8fff:S, 0x4a9000-0x4a9fff:S, 0x4aa000-0x4aafff:S, 0x4ab000-0x4abfff:S, 0x4ac000-0x4acfff:S, 0x4ad000-0x4adfff:S, 0x4ae000-0x4aefff:S, 0x4af000-0x4affff:S, 0x4b0000-0x4b0fff:S, 0x4b1000-0x4b1fff:S, 0x4b2000-0x4b2fff:S, 0x4b3000-0x4b3fff:S, 0x4b4000-0x4b4fff:S, 0x4b5000-0x4b5fff:S, 0x4b6000-0x4b6fff:S, 0x4b7000-0x4b7fff:S, 0x4b8000-0x4b8fff:S, 0x4b9000-0x4b9fff:S, 0x4ba000-0x4bafff:S, 0x4bb000-0x4bbfff:S, 0x4bc000-0x4bcfff:S, 0x4bd000-0x4bdfff:S, 0x4be000-0x4befff:S, 0x4bf000-0x4bffff:S, 0x4c0000-0x4c0fff:S, 0x4c1000-0x4c1fff:S, 0x4c2000-0x4c2fff:S, 0x4c3000-0x4c3fff:S, 0x4c4000-0x4c4fff:S, 0x4c5000-0x4c5fff:S, 0x4c6000-0x4c6fff:S, 0x4c7000-0x4c7fff:S, 0x4c8000-0x4c8fff:S, 0x4c9000-0x4c9fff:S, 0x4ca000-0x4cafff:S, 0x4cb000-0x4cbfff:S, 0x4cc000-0x4ccfff:S, 0x4cd000-0x4cdfff:S, 0x4ce000-0x4cefff:S, 0x4cf000-0x4cffff:S, 0x4d0000-0x4d0fff:S, 0x4d1000-0x4d1fff:S, 0x4d2000-0x4d2fff:S, 0x4d3000-0x4d3fff:S, 0x4d4000-0x4d4fff:S, 0x4d5000-0x4d5fff:S, 0x4d6000-0x4d6fff:S, 0x4d7000-0x4d7fff:S, 0x4d8000-0x4d8fff:S, 0x4d9000-0x4d9fff:S, 0x4da000-0x4dafff:S, 0x4db000-0x4dbfff:S, 0x4dc000-0x4dcfff:S, 0x4dd000-0x4ddfff:S, 0x4de000-0x4defff:S, 0x4df000-0x4dffff:S, 0x4e0000-0x4e0fff:S, 0x4e1000-0x4e1fff:S, 0x4e2000-0x4e2fff:S, 0x4e3000-0x4e3fff:S, 0x4e4000-0x4e4fff:S, 0x4e5000-0x4e5fff:S, 0x4e6000-0x4e6fff:S, 0x4e7000-0x4e7fff:S, 0x4e8000-0x4e8fff:S, 0x4e9000-0x4e9fff:S, 0x4ea000-0x4eafff:S, 0x4eb000-0x4ebfff:S, 0x4ec000-0x4ecfff:S, 0x4ed000-0x4edfff:S, 0x4ee000-0x4eefff:S, 0x4ef000-0x4effff:S, 0x4f0000-0x4f0fff:S, 0x4f1000-0x4f1fff:S, 0x4f2000-0x4f2fff:S, 0x4f3000-0x4f3fff:S, 0x4f4000-0x4f4fff:S, 0x4f5000-0x4f5fff:S, 0x4f6000-0x4f6fff:S, 0x4f7000-0x4f7fff:S, 0x4f8000-0x4f8fff:S, 0x4f9000-0x4f9fff:S, 0x4fa000-0x4fafff:S, 0x4fb000-0x4fbfff:S, 0x4fc000-0x4fcfff:S, 0x4fd000-0x4fdfff:S, 0x4fe000-0x4fefff:S, 0x4ff000-0x4fffff:S, 0x500000-0x500fff:S, 0x501000-0x501fff:S, 0x502000-0x502fff:S, 0x503000-0x503fff:S, 0x504000-0x504fff:S, 0x505000-0x505fff:S, 0x506000-0x506fff:S, 0x507000-0x507fff:S, 0x508000-0x508fff:S, 0x509000-0x509fff:S, 0x50a000-0x50afff:S, 0x50b000-0x50bfff:S, 0x50c000-0x50cfff:S, 0x50d000-0x50dfff:S, 0x50e000-0x50efff:S, 0x50f000-0x50ffff:S, 0x510000-0x510fff:S, 0x511000-0x511fff:S, 0x512000-0x512fff:S, 0x513000-0x513fff:S, 0x514000-0x514fff:S, 0x515000-0x515fff:S, 0x516000-0x516fff:S, 0x517000-0x517fff:S, 0x518000-0x518fff:S, 0x519000-0x519fff:S, 0x51a000-0x51afff:S, 0x51b000-0x51bfff:S, 0x51c000-0x51cfff:S, 0x51d000-0x51dfff:S, 0x51e000-0x51efff:S, 0x51f000-0x51ffff:S, 0x520000-0x520fff:S, 0x521000-0x521fff:S, 0x522000-0x522fff:S, 0x523000-0x523fff:S, 0x524000-0x524fff:S, 0x525000-0x525fff:S, 0x526000-0x526fff:S, 0x527000-0x527fff:S, 0x528000-0x528fff:S, 0x529000-0x529fff:S, 0x52a000-0x52afff:S, 0x52b000-0x52bfff:S, 0x52c000-0x52cfff:S, 0x52d000-0x52dfff:S, 0x52e000-0x52efff:S, 0x52f000-0x52ffff:S, 0x530000-0x530fff:S, 0x531000-0x531fff:S, 0x532000-0x532fff:S, 0x533000-0x533fff:S, 0x534000-0x534fff:S, 0x535000-0x535fff:S, 0x536000-0x536fff:S, 0x537000-0x537fff:S, 0x538000-0x538fff:S, 0x539000-0x539fff:S, 0x53a000-0x53afff:S, 0x53b000-0x53bfff:S, 0x53c000-0x53cfff:S, 0x53d000-0x53dfff:S, 0x53e000-0x53efff:S, 0x53f000-0x53ffff:S, 0x540000-0x540fff:S, 0x541000-0x541fff:S, 0x542000-0x542fff:S, 0x543000-0x543fff:S, 0x544000-0x544fff:S, 0x545000-0x545fff:S, 0x546000-0x546fff:S, 0x547000-0x547fff:S, 0x548000-0x548fff:S, 0x549000-0x549fff:S, 0x54a000-0x54afff:S, 0x54b000-0x54bfff:S, 0x54c000-0x54cfff:S, 0x54d000-0x54dfff:S, 0x54e000-0x54efff:S, 0x54f000-0x54ffff:S, 0x550000-0x550fff:S, 0x551000-0x551fff:S, 0x552000-0x552fff:S, 0x553000-0x553fff:S, 0x554000-0x554fff:S, 0x555000-0x555fff:S, 0x556000-0x556fff:S, 0x557000-0x557fff:S, 0x558000-0x558fff:S, 0x559000-0x559fff:S, 0x55a000-0x55afff:S, 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0x5b9000-0x5b9fff:S, 0x5ba000-0x5bafff:S, 0x5bb000-0x5bbfff:S, 0x5bc000-0x5bcfff:S, 0x5bd000-0x5bdfff:S, 0x5be000-0x5befff:S, 0x5bf000-0x5bffff:S, 0x5c0000-0x5c0fff:S, 0x5c1000-0x5c1fff:S, 0x5c2000-0x5c2fff:S, 0x5c3000-0x5c3fff:S, 0x5c4000-0x5c4fff:S, 0x5c5000-0x5c5fff:S, 0x5c6000-0x5c6fff:S, 0x5c7000-0x5c7fff:S, 0x5c8000-0x5c8fff:S, 0x5c9000-0x5c9fff:S, 0x5ca000-0x5cafff:S, 0x5cb000-0x5cbfff:S, 0x5cc000-0x5ccfff:S, 0x5cd000-0x5cdfff:S, 0x5ce000-0x5cefff:S, 0x5cf000-0x5cffff:S, 0x5d0000-0x5d0fff:S, 0x5d1000-0x5d1fff:S, 0x5d2000-0x5d2fff:S, 0x5d3000-0x5d3fff:S, 0x5d4000-0x5d4fff:S, 0x5d5000-0x5d5fff:S, 0x5d6000-0x5d6fff:S, 0x5d7000-0x5d7fff:S, 0x5d8000-0x5d8fff:S, 0x5d9000-0x5d9fff:S, 0x5da000-0x5dafff:S, 0x5db000-0x5dbfff:S, 0x5dc000-0x5dcfff:S, 0x5dd000-0x5ddfff:S, 0x5de000-0x5defff:S, 0x5df000-0x5dffff:S, 0x5e0000-0x5e0fff:S, 0x5e1000-0x5e1fff:S, 0x5e2000-0x5e2fff:S, 0x5e3000-0x5e3fff:S, 0x5e4000-0x5e4fff:S, 0x5e5000-0x5e5fff:S, 0x5e6000-0x5e6fff:S, 0x5e7000-0x5e7fff:S, 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0x617000-0x617fff:S, 0x618000-0x618fff:S, 0x619000-0x619fff:S, 0x61a000-0x61afff:S, 0x61b000-0x61bfff:S, 0x61c000-0x61cfff:S, 0x61d000-0x61dfff:S, 0x61e000-0x61efff:S, 0x61f000-0x61ffff:S, 0x620000-0x620fff:S, 0x621000-0x621fff:S, 0x622000-0x622fff:S, 0x623000-0x623fff:S, 0x624000-0x624fff:S, 0x625000-0x625fff:S, 0x626000-0x626fff:S, 0x627000-0x627fff:S, 0x628000-0x628fff:S, 0x629000-0x629fff:S, 0x62a000-0x62afff:S, 0x62b000-0x62bfff:S, 0x62c000-0x62cfff:S, 0x62d000-0x62dfff:S, 0x62e000-0x62efff:S, 0x62f000-0x62ffff:S, 0x630000-0x630fff:S, 0x631000-0x631fff:S, 0x632000-0x632fff:S, 0x633000-0x633fff:S, 0x634000-0x634fff:S, 0x635000-0x635fff:S, 0x636000-0x636fff:S, 0x637000-0x637fff:S, 0x638000-0x638fff:S, 0x639000-0x639fff:S, 0x63a000-0x63afff:S, 0x63b000-0x63bfff:S, 0x63c000-0x63cfff:S, 0x63d000-0x63dfff:S, 0x63e000-0x63efff:S, 0x63f000-0x63ffff:S, 0x640000-0x640fff:S, 0x641000-0x641fff:S, 0x642000-0x642fff:S, 0x643000-0x643fff:S, 0x644000-0x644fff:S, 0x645000-0x645fff:S, 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0x675000-0x675fff:S, 0x676000-0x676fff:S, 0x677000-0x677fff:S, 0x678000-0x678fff:S, 0x679000-0x679fff:S, 0x67a000-0x67afff:S, 0x67b000-0x67bfff:S, 0x67c000-0x67cfff:S, 0x67d000-0x67dfff:S, 0x67e000-0x67efff:S, 0x67f000-0x67ffff:S, 0x680000-0x680fff:S, 0x681000-0x681fff:S, 0x682000-0x682fff:S, 0x683000-0x683fff:S, 0x684000-0x684fff:S, 0x685000-0x685fff:S, 0x686000-0x686fff:S, 0x687000-0x687fff:S, 0x688000-0x688fff:S, 0x689000-0x689fff:S, 0x68a000-0x68afff:S, 0x68b000-0x68bfff:S, 0x68c000-0x68cfff:S, 0x68d000-0x68dfff:S, 0x68e000-0x68efff:S, 0x68f000-0x68ffff:S, 0x690000-0x690fff:S, 0x691000-0x691fff:S, 0x692000-0x692fff:S, 0x693000-0x693fff:S, 0x694000-0x694fff:S, 0x695000-0x695fff:S, 0x696000-0x696fff:S, 0x697000-0x697fff:S, 0x698000-0x698fff:S, 0x699000-0x699fff:S, 0x69a000-0x69afff:S, 0x69b000-0x69bfff:S, 0x69c000-0x69cfff:S, 0x69d000-0x69dfff:S, 0x69e000-0x69efff:S, 0x69f000-0x69ffff:S, 0x6a0000-0x6a0fff:S, 0x6a1000-0x6a1fff:S, 0x6a2000-0x6a2fff:S, 0x6a3000-0x6a3fff:S, 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0xa7f000-0xa7ffff:S, 0xa80000-0xa80fff:S, 0xa81000-0xa81fff:S, 0xa82000-0xa82fff:S, 0xa83000-0xa83fff:S, 0xa84000-0xa84fff:S, 0xa85000-0xa85fff:S, 0xa86000-0xa86fff:S, 0xa87000-0xa87fff:S, 0xa88000-0xa88fff:S, 0xa89000-0xa89fff:S, 0xa8a000-0xa8afff:S, 0xa8b000-0xa8bfff:S, 0xa8c000-0xa8cfff:S, 0xa8d000-0xa8dfff:S, 0xa8e000-0xa8efff:S, 0xa8f000-0xa8ffff:S, 0xa90000-0xa90fff:S, 0xa91000-0xa91fff:S, 0xa92000-0xa92fff:S, 0xa93000-0xa93fff:S, 0xa94000-0xa94fff:S, 0xa95000-0xa95fff:S, 0xa96000-0xa96fff:S, 0xa97000-0xa97fff:S, 0xa98000-0xa98fff:S, 0xa99000-0xa99fff:S, 0xa9a000-0xa9afff:S, 0xa9b000-0xa9bfff:S, 0xa9c000-0xa9cfff:S, 0xa9d000-0xa9dfff:S, 0xa9e000-0xa9efff:S, 0xa9f000-0xa9ffff:S, 0xaa0000-0xaa0fff:S, 0xaa1000-0xaa1fff:S, 0xaa2000-0xaa2fff:S, 0xaa3000-0xaa3fff:S, 0xaa4000-0xaa4fff:S, 0xaa5000-0xaa5fff:S, 0xaa6000-0xaa6fff:S, 0xaa7000-0xaa7fff:S, 0xaa8000-0xaa8fff:S, 0xaa9000-0xaa9fff:S, 0xaaa000-0xaaafff:S, 0xaab000-0xaabfff:S, 0xaac000-0xaacfff:S, 0xaad000-0xaadfff:S, 0xaae000-0xaaefff:S, 0xaaf000-0xaaffff:S, 0xab0000-0xab0fff:S, 0xab1000-0xab1fff:S, 0xab2000-0xab2fff:S, 0xab3000-0xab3fff:S, 0xab4000-0xab4fff:S, 0xab5000-0xab5fff:S, 0xab6000-0xab6fff:S, 0xab7000-0xab7fff:S, 0xab8000-0xab8fff:S, 0xab9000-0xab9fff:S, 0xaba000-0xabafff:S, 0xabb000-0xabbfff:S, 0xabc000-0xabcfff:S, 0xabd000-0xabdfff:S, 0xabe000-0xabefff:S, 0xabf000-0xabffff:S, 0xac0000-0xac0fff:S, 0xac1000-0xac1fff:S, 0xac2000-0xac2fff:S, 0xac3000-0xac3fff:S, 0xac4000-0xac4fff:S, 0xac5000-0xac5fff:S, 0xac6000-0xac6fff:S, 0xac7000-0xac7fff:S, 0xac8000-0xac8fff:S, 0xac9000-0xac9fff:S, 0xaca000-0xacafff:S, 0xacb000-0xacbfff:S, 0xacc000-0xaccfff:S, 0xacd000-0xacdfff:S, 0xace000-0xacefff:S, 0xacf000-0xacffff:S, 0xad0000-0xad0fff:S, 0xad1000-0xad1fff:S, 0xad2000-0xad2fff:S, 0xad3000-0xad3fff:S, 0xad4000-0xad4fff:S, 0xad5000-0xad5fff:S, 0xad6000-0xad6fff:S, 0xad7000-0xad7fff:S, 0xad8000-0xad8fff:S, 0xad9000-0xad9fff:S, 0xada000-0xadafff:S, 0xadb000-0xadbfff:S, 0xadc000-0xadcfff:S, 0xadd000-0xaddfff:S, 0xade000-0xadefff:S, 0xadf000-0xadffff:S, 0xae0000-0xae0fff:S, 0xae1000-0xae1fff:S, 0xae2000-0xae2fff:S, 0xae3000-0xae3fff:S, 0xae4000-0xae4fff:S, 0xae5000-0xae5fff:S, 0xae6000-0xae6fff:S, 0xae7000-0xae7fff:S, 0xae8000-0xae8fff:S, 0xae9000-0xae9fff:S, 0xaea000-0xaeafff:S, 0xaeb000-0xaebfff:S, 0xaec000-0xaecfff:S, 0xaed000-0xaedfff:S, 0xaee000-0xaeefff:S, 0xaef000-0xaeffff:S, 0xaf0000-0xaf0fff:S, 0xaf1000-0xaf1fff:S, 0xaf2000-0xaf2fff:S, 0xaf3000-0xaf3fff:S, 0xaf4000-0xaf4fff:S, 0xaf5000-0xaf5fff:S, 0xaf6000-0xaf6fff:S, 0xaf7000-0xaf7fff:S, 0xaf8000-0xaf8fff:S, 0xaf9000-0xaf9fff:S, 0xafa000-0xafafff:S, 0xafb000-0xafbfff:S, 0xafc000-0xafcfff:S, 0xafd000-0xafdfff:S, 0xafe000-0xafefff:S, 0xaff000-0xafffff:S, 0xb00000-0xb00fff:S, 0xb01000-0xb01fff:S, 0xb02000-0xb02fff:S, 0xb03000-0xb03fff:S, 0xb04000-0xb04fff:S, 0xb05000-0xb05fff:S, 0xb06000-0xb06fff:S, 0xb07000-0xb07fff:S, 0xb08000-0xb08fff:S, 0xb09000-0xb09fff:S, 0xb0a000-0xb0afff:S, 0xb0b000-0xb0bfff:S, 0xb0c000-0xb0cfff:S, 0xb0d000-0xb0dfff:S, 0xb0e000-0xb0efff:S, 0xb0f000-0xb0ffff:S, 0xb10000-0xb10fff:S, 0xb11000-0xb11fff:S, 0xb12000-0xb12fff:S, 0xb13000-0xb13fff:S, 0xb14000-0xb14fff:S, 0xb15000-0xb15fff:S, 0xb16000-0xb16fff:S, 0xb17000-0xb17fff:S, 0xb18000-0xb18fff:S, 0xb19000-0xb19fff:S, 0xb1a000-0xb1afff:S, 0xb1b000-0xb1bfff:S, 0xb1c000-0xb1cfff:S, 0xb1d000-0xb1dfff:S, 0xb1e000-0xb1efff:S, 0xb1f000-0xb1ffff:S, 0xb20000-0xb20fff:S, 0xb21000-0xb21fff:S, 0xb22000-0xb22fff:S, 0xb23000-0xb23fff:S, 0xb24000-0xb24fff:S, 0xb25000-0xb25fff:S, 0xb26000-0xb26fff:S, 0xb27000-0xb27fff:S, 0xb28000-0xb28fff:S, 0xb29000-0xb29fff:S, 0xb2a000-0xb2afff:S, 0xb2b000-0xb2bfff:S, 0xb2c000-0xb2cfff:S, 0xb2d000-0xb2dfff:S, 0xb2e000-0xb2efff:S, 0xb2f000-0xb2ffff:S, 0xb30000-0xb30fff:S, 0xb31000-0xb31fff:S, 0xb32000-0xb32fff:S, 0xb33000-0xb33fff:S, 0xb34000-0xb34fff:S, 0xb35000-0xb35fff:S, 0xb36000-0xb36fff:S, 0xb37000-0xb37fff:S, 0xb38000-0xb38fff:S, 0xb39000-0xb39fff:S, 0xb3a000-0xb3afff:S, 0xb3b000-0xb3bfff:S, 0xb3c000-0xb3cfff:S, 0xb3d000-0xb3dfff:S, 0xb3e000-0xb3efff:S, 0xb3f000-0xb3ffff:S, 0xb40000-0xb40fff:S, 0xb41000-0xb41fff:S, 0xb42000-0xb42fff:S, 0xb43000-0xb43fff:S, 0xb44000-0xb44fff:S, 0xb45000-0xb45fff:S, 0xb46000-0xb46fff:S, 0xb47000-0xb47fff:S, 0xb48000-0xb48fff:S, 0xb49000-0xb49fff:S, 0xb4a000-0xb4afff:S, 0xb4b000-0xb4bfff:S, 0xb4c000-0xb4cfff:S, 0xb4d000-0xb4dfff:S, 0xb4e000-0xb4efff:S, 0xb4f000-0xb4ffff:S, 0xb50000-0xb50fff:S, 0xb51000-0xb51fff:S, 0xb52000-0xb52fff:S, 0xb53000-0xb53fff:S, 0xb54000-0xb54fff:S, 0xb55000-0xb55fff:S, 0xb56000-0xb56fff:S, 0xb57000-0xb57fff:S, 0xb58000-0xb58fff:S, 0xb59000-0xb59fff:S, 0xb5a000-0xb5afff:S, 0xb5b000-0xb5bfff:S, 0xb5c000-0xb5cfff:S, 0xb5d000-0xb5dfff:S, 0xb5e000-0xb5efff:S, 0xb5f000-0xb5ffff:S, 0xb60000-0xb60fff:S, 0xb61000-0xb61fff:S, 0xb62000-0xb62fff:S, 0xb63000-0xb63fff:S, 0xb64000-0xb64fff:S, 0xb65000-0xb65fff:S, 0xb66000-0xb66fff:S, 0xb67000-0xb67fff:S, 0xb68000-0xb68fff:S, 0xb69000-0xb69fff:S, 0xb6a000-0xb6afff:S, 0xb6b000-0xb6bfff:S, 0xb6c000-0xb6cfff:S, 0xb6d000-0xb6dfff:S, 0xb6e000-0xb6efff:S, 0xb6f000-0xb6ffff:S, 0xb70000-0xb70fff:S, 0xb71000-0xb71fff:S, 0xb72000-0xb72fff:S, 0xb73000-0xb73fff:S, 0xb74000-0xb74fff:S, 0xb75000-0xb75fff:S, 0xb76000-0xb76fff:S, 0xb77000-0xb77fff:S, 0xb78000-0xb78fff:S, 0xb79000-0xb79fff:S, 0xb7a000-0xb7afff:S, 0xb7b000-0xb7bfff:S, 0xb7c000-0xb7cfff:S, 0xb7d000-0xb7dfff:S, 0xb7e000-0xb7efff:S, 0xb7f000-0xb7ffff:S, 0xb80000-0xb80fff:S, 0xb81000-0xb81fff:S, 0xb82000-0xb82fff:S, 0xb83000-0xb83fff:S, 0xb84000-0xb84fff:S, 0xb85000-0xb85fff:S, 0xb86000-0xb86fff:S, 0xb87000-0xb87fff:S, 0xb88000-0xb88fff:S, 0xb89000-0xb89fff:S, 0xb8a000-0xb8afff:S, 0xb8b000-0xb8bfff:S, 0xb8c000-0xb8cfff:S, 0xb8d000-0xb8dfff:S, 0xb8e000-0xb8efff:S, 0xb8f000-0xb8ffff:S, 0xb90000-0xb90fff:S, 0xb91000-0xb91fff:S, 0xb92000-0xb92fff:S, 0xb93000-0xb93fff:S, 0xb94000-0xb94fff:S, 0xb95000-0xb95fff:S, 0xb96000-0xb96fff:S, 0xb97000-0xb97fff:S, 0xb98000-0xb98fff:S, 0xb99000-0xb99fff:S, 0xb9a000-0xb9afff:S, 0xb9b000-0xb9bfff:S, 0xb9c000-0xb9cfff:S, 0xb9d000-0xb9dfff:S, 0xb9e000-0xb9efff:S, 0xb9f000-0xb9ffff:S, 0xba0000-0xba0fff:S, 0xba1000-0xba1fff:S, 0xba2000-0xba2fff:S, 0xba3000-0xba3fff:S, 0xba4000-0xba4fff:S, 0xba5000-0xba5fff:S, 0xba6000-0xba6fff:S, 0xba7000-0xba7fff:S, 0xba8000-0xba8fff:S, 0xba9000-0xba9fff:S, 0xbaa000-0xbaafff:S, 0xbab000-0xbabfff:S, 0xbac000-0xbacfff:S, 0xbad000-0xbadfff:S, 0xbae000-0xbaefff:S, 0xbaf000-0xbaffff:S, 0xbb0000-0xbb0fff:S, 0xbb1000-0xbb1fff:S, 0xbb2000-0xbb2fff:S, 0xbb3000-0xbb3fff:S, 0xbb4000-0xbb4fff:S, 0xbb5000-0xbb5fff:S, 0xbb6000-0xbb6fff:S, 0xbb7000-0xbb7fff:S, 0xbb8000-0xbb8fff:S, 0xbb9000-0xbb9fff:S, 0xbba000-0xbbafff:S, 0xbbb000-0xbbbfff:S, 0xbbc000-0xbbcfff:S, 0xbbd000-0xbbdfff:S, 0xbbe000-0xbbefff:S, 0xbbf000-0xbbffff:S, 0xbc0000-0xbc0fff:S, 0xbc1000-0xbc1fff:S, 0xbc2000-0xbc2fff:S, 0xbc3000-0xbc3fff:S, 0xbc4000-0xbc4fff:S, 0xbc5000-0xbc5fff:S, 0xbc6000-0xbc6fff:S, 0xbc7000-0xbc7fff:S, 0xbc8000-0xbc8fff:S, 0xbc9000-0xbc9fff:S, 0xbca000-0xbcafff:S, 0xbcb000-0xbcbfff:S, 0xbcc000-0xbccfff:S, 0xbcd000-0xbcdfff:S, 0xbce000-0xbcefff:S, 0xbcf000-0xbcffff:S, 0xbd0000-0xbd0fff:S, 0xbd1000-0xbd1fff:S, 0xbd2000-0xbd2fff:S, 0xbd3000-0xbd3fff:S, 0xbd4000-0xbd4fff:S, 0xbd5000-0xbd5fff:S, 0xbd6000-0xbd6fff:S, 0xbd7000-0xbd7fff:S, 0xbd8000-0xbd8fff:S, 0xbd9000-0xbd9fff:S, 0xbda000-0xbdafff:S, 0xbdb000-0xbdbfff:S, 0xbdc000-0xbdcfff:S, 0xbdd000-0xbddfff:S, 0xbde000-0xbdefff:S, 0xbdf000-0xbdffff:S, 0xbe0000-0xbe0fff:S, 0xbe1000-0xbe1fff:S, 0xbe2000-0xbe2fff:S, 0xbe3000-0xbe3fff:S, 0xbe4000-0xbe4fff:S, 0xbe5000-0xbe5fff:S, 0xbe6000-0xbe6fff:S, 0xbe7000-0xbe7fff:S, 0xbe8000-0xbe8fff:S, 0xbe9000-0xbe9fff:S, 0xbea000-0xbeafff:S, 0xbeb000-0xbebfff:S, 0xbec000-0xbecfff:S, 0xbed000-0xbedfff:S, 0xbee000-0xbeefff:S, 0xbef000-0xbeffff:S, 0xbf0000-0xbf0fff:S, 0xbf1000-0xbf1fff:S, 0xbf2000-0xbf2fff:S, 0xbf3000-0xbf3fff:S, 0xbf4000-0xbf4fff:S, 0xbf5000-0xbf5fff:S, 0xbf6000-0xbf6fff:S, 0xbf7000-0xbf7fff:S, 0xbf8000-0xbf8fff:S, 0xbf9000-0xbf9fff:S, 0xbfa000-0xbfafff:S, 0xbfb000-0xbfbfff:S, 0xbfc000-0xbfcfff:S, 0xbfd000-0xbfdfff:S, 0xbfe000-0xbfefff:S, 0xbff000-0xbfffff:S, 0xc00000-0xc00fff:S, 0xc01000-0xc01fff:S, 0xc02000-0xc02fff:S, 0xc03000-0xc03fff:S, 0xc04000-0xc04fff:S, 0xc05000-0xc05fff:S, 0xc06000-0xc06fff:S, 0xc07000-0xc07fff:S, 0xc08000-0xc08fff:S, 0xc09000-0xc09fff:S, 0xc0a000-0xc0afff:S, 0xc0b000-0xc0bfff:S, 0xc0c000-0xc0cfff:S, 0xc0d000-0xc0dfff:S, 0xc0e000-0xc0efff:S, 0xc0f000-0xc0ffff:S, 0xc10000-0xc10fff:S, 0xc11000-0xc11fff:S, 0xc12000-0xc12fff:S, 0xc13000-0xc13fff:S, 0xc14000-0xc14fff:S, 0xc15000-0xc15fff:S, 0xc16000-0xc16fff:S, 0xc17000-0xc17fff:S, 0xc18000-0xc18fff:S, 0xc19000-0xc19fff:S, 0xc1a000-0xc1afff:S, 0xc1b000-0xc1bfff:S, 0xc1c000-0xc1cfff:S, 0xc1d000-0xc1dfff:S, 0xc1e000-0xc1efff:S, 0xc1f000-0xc1ffff:S, 0xc20000-0xc20fff:S, 0xc21000-0xc21fff:S, 0xc22000-0xc22fff:S, 0xc23000-0xc23fff:S, 0xc24000-0xc24fff:S, 0xc25000-0xc25fff:S, 0xc26000-0xc26fff:S, 0xc27000-0xc27fff:S, 0xc28000-0xc28fff:S, 0xc29000-0xc29fff:S, 0xc2a000-0xc2afff:S, 0xc2b000-0xc2bfff:S, 0xc2c000-0xc2cfff:S, 0xc2d000-0xc2dfff:S, 0xc2e000-0xc2efff:S, 0xc2f000-0xc2ffff:S, 0xc30000-0xc30fff:S, 0xc31000-0xc31fff:S, 0xc32000-0xc32fff:S, 0xc33000-0xc33fff:S, 0xc34000-0xc34fff:S, 0xc35000-0xc35fff:S, 0xc36000-0xc36fff:S, 0xc37000-0xc37fff:S, 0xc38000-0xc38fff:S, 0xc39000-0xc39fff:S, 0xc3a000-0xc3afff:S, 0xc3b000-0xc3bfff:S, 0xc3c000-0xc3cfff:S, 0xc3d000-0xc3dfff:S, 0xc3e000-0xc3efff:S, 0xc3f000-0xc3ffff:S, 0xc40000-0xc40fff:S, 0xc41000-0xc41fff:S, 0xc42000-0xc42fff:S, 0xc43000-0xc43fff:S, 0xc44000-0xc44fff:S, 0xc45000-0xc45fff:S, 0xc46000-0xc46fff:S, 0xc47000-0xc47fff:S, 0xc48000-0xc48fff:S, 0xc49000-0xc49fff:S, 0xc4a000-0xc4afff:S, 0xc4b000-0xc4bfff:S, 0xc4c000-0xc4cfff:S, 0xc4d000-0xc4dfff:S, 0xc4e000-0xc4efff:S, 0xc4f000-0xc4ffff:S, 0xc50000-0xc50fff:S, 0xc51000-0xc51fff:S, 0xc52000-0xc52fff:S, 0xc53000-0xc53fff:S, 0xc54000-0xc54fff:S, 0xc55000-0xc55fff:S, 0xc56000-0xc56fff:S, 0xc57000-0xc57fff:S, 0xc58000-0xc58fff:S, 0xc59000-0xc59fff:S, 0xc5a000-0xc5afff:S, 0xc5b000-0xc5bfff:S, 0xc5c000-0xc5cfff:S, 0xc5d000-0xc5dfff:S, 0xc5e000-0xc5efff:S, 0xc5f000-0xc5ffff:S, 0xc60000-0xc60fff:S, 0xc61000-0xc61fff:S, 0xc62000-0xc62fff:S, 0xc63000-0xc63fff:S, 0xc64000-0xc64fff:S, 0xc65000-0xc65fff:S, 0xc66000-0xc66fff:S, 0xc67000-0xc67fff:S, 0xc68000-0xc68fff:S, 0xc69000-0xc69fff:S, 0xc6a000-0xc6afff:S, 0xc6b000-0xc6bfff:S, 0xc6c000-0xc6cfff:S, 0xc6d000-0xc6dfff:S, 0xc6e000-0xc6efff:S, 0xc6f000-0xc6ffff:S, 0xc70000-0xc70fff:S, 0xc71000-0xc71fff:S, 0xc72000-0xc72fff:S, 0xc73000-0xc73fff:S, 0xc74000-0xc74fff:S, 0xc75000-0xc75fff:S, 0xc76000-0xc76fff:S, 0xc77000-0xc77fff:S, 0xc78000-0xc78fff:S, 0xc79000-0xc79fff:S, 0xc7a000-0xc7afff:S, 0xc7b000-0xc7bfff:S, 0xc7c000-0xc7cfff:S, 0xc7d000-0xc7dfff:S, 0xc7e000-0xc7efff:S, 0xc7f000-0xc7ffff:S, 0xc80000-0xc80fff:S, 0xc81000-0xc81fff:S, 0xc82000-0xc82fff:S, 0xc83000-0xc83fff:S, 0xc84000-0xc84fff:S, 0xc85000-0xc85fff:S, 0xc86000-0xc86fff:S, 0xc87000-0xc87fff:S, 0xc88000-0xc88fff:S, 0xc89000-0xc89fff:S, 0xc8a000-0xc8afff:S, 0xc8b000-0xc8bfff:S, 0xc8c000-0xc8cfff:S, 0xc8d000-0xc8dfff:S, 0xc8e000-0xc8efff:S, 0xc8f000-0xc8ffff:S, 0xc90000-0xc90fff:S, 0xc91000-0xc91fff:S, 0xc92000-0xc92fff:S, 0xc93000-0xc93fff:S, 0xc94000-0xc94fff:S, 0xc95000-0xc95fff:S, 0xc96000-0xc96fff:S, 0xc97000-0xc97fff:S, 0xc98000-0xc98fff:S, 0xc99000-0xc99fff:S, 0xc9a000-0xc9afff:S, 0xc9b000-0xc9bfff:S, 0xc9c000-0xc9cfff:S, 0xc9d000-0xc9dfff:S, 0xc9e000-0xc9efff:S, 0xc9f000-0xc9ffff:S, 0xca0000-0xca0fff:S, 0xca1000-0xca1fff:S, 0xca2000-0xca2fff:S, 0xca3000-0xca3fff:S, 0xca4000-0xca4fff:S, 0xca5000-0xca5fff:S, 0xca6000-0xca6fff:S, 0xca7000-0xca7fff:S, 0xca8000-0xca8fff:S, 0xca9000-0xca9fff:S, 0xcaa000-0xcaafff:S, 0xcab000-0xcabfff:S, 0xcac000-0xcacfff:S, 0xcad000-0xcadfff:S, 0xcae000-0xcaefff:S, 0xcaf000-0xcaffff:S, 0xcb0000-0xcb0fff:S, 0xcb1000-0xcb1fff:S, 0xcb2000-0xcb2fff:S, 0xcb3000-0xcb3fff:S, 0xcb4000-0xcb4fff:S, 0xcb5000-0xcb5fff:S, 0xcb6000-0xcb6fff:S, 0xcb7000-0xcb7fff:S, 0xcb8000-0xcb8fff:S, 0xcb9000-0xcb9fff:S, 0xcba000-0xcbafff:S, 0xcbb000-0xcbbfff:S, 0xcbc000-0xcbcfff:S, 0xcbd000-0xcbdfff:S, 0xcbe000-0xcbefff:S, 0xcbf000-0xcbffff:S, 0xcc0000-0xcc0fff:S, 0xcc1000-0xcc1fff:S, 0xcc2000-0xcc2fff:S, 0xcc3000-0xcc3fff:S, 0xcc4000-0xcc4fff:S, 0xcc5000-0xcc5fff:S, 0xcc6000-0xcc6fff:S, 0xcc7000-0xcc7fff:S, 0xcc8000-0xcc8fff:S, 0xcc9000-0xcc9fff:S, 0xcca000-0xccafff:S, 0xccb000-0xccbfff:S, 0xccc000-0xcccfff:S, 0xccd000-0xccdfff:S, 0xcce000-0xccefff:S, 0xccf000-0xccffff:S, 0xcd0000-0xcd0fff:S, 0xcd1000-0xcd1fff:S, 0xcd2000-0xcd2fff:S, 0xcd3000-0xcd3fff:S, 0xcd4000-0xcd4fff:S, 0xcd5000-0xcd5fff:S, 0xcd6000-0xcd6fff:S, 0xcd7000-0xcd7fff:S, 0xcd8000-0xcd8fff:S, 0xcd9000-0xcd9fff:S, 0xcda000-0xcdafff:S, 0xcdb000-0xcdbfff:S, 0xcdc000-0xcdcfff:S, 0xcdd000-0xcddfff:S, 0xcde000-0xcdefff:S, 0xcdf000-0xcdffff:S, 0xce0000-0xce0fff:S, 0xce1000-0xce1fff:S, 0xce2000-0xce2fff:S, 0xce3000-0xce3fff:S, 0xce4000-0xce4fff:S, 0xce5000-0xce5fff:S, 0xce6000-0xce6fff:S, 0xce7000-0xce7fff:S, 0xce8000-0xce8fff:S, 0xce9000-0xce9fff:S, 0xcea000-0xceafff:S, 0xceb000-0xcebfff:S, 0xcec000-0xcecfff:S, 0xced000-0xcedfff:S, 0xcee000-0xceefff:S, 0xcef000-0xceffff:S, 0xcf0000-0xcf0fff:S, 0xcf1000-0xcf1fff:S, 0xcf2000-0xcf2fff:S, 0xcf3000-0xcf3fff:S, 0xcf4000-0xcf4fff:S, 0xcf5000-0xcf5fff:S, 0xcf6000-0xcf6fff:S, 0xcf7000-0xcf7fff:S, 0xcf8000-0xcf8fff:S, 0xcf9000-0xcf9fff:S, 0xcfa000-0xcfafff:S, 0xcfb000-0xcfbfff:S, 0xcfc000-0xcfcfff:S, 0xcfd000-0xcfdfff:S, 0xcfe000-0xcfefff:S, 0xcff000-0xcfffff:S, 0xd00000-0xd00fff:S, 0xd01000-0xd01fff:S, 0xd02000-0xd02fff:S, 0xd03000-0xd03fff:S, 0xd04000-0xd04fff:S, 0xd05000-0xd05fff:S, 0xd06000-0xd06fff:S, 0xd07000-0xd07fff:S, 0xd08000-0xd08fff:S, 0xd09000-0xd09fff:S, 0xd0a000-0xd0afff:S, 0xd0b000-0xd0bfff:S, 0xd0c000-0xd0cfff:S, 0xd0d000-0xd0dfff:S, 0xd0e000-0xd0efff:S, 0xd0f000-0xd0ffff:S, 0xd10000-0xd10fff:S, 0xd11000-0xd11fff:S, 0xd12000-0xd12fff:S, 0xd13000-0xd13fff:S, 0xd14000-0xd14fff:S, 0xd15000-0xd15fff:S, 0xd16000-0xd16fff:S, 0xd17000-0xd17fff:S, 0xd18000-0xd18fff:S, 0xd19000-0xd19fff:S, 0xd1a000-0xd1afff:S, 0xd1b000-0xd1bfff:S, 0xd1c000-0xd1cfff:S, 0xd1d000-0xd1dfff:S, 0xd1e000-0xd1efff:S, 0xd1f000-0xd1ffff:S, 0xd20000-0xd20fff:S, 0xd21000-0xd21fff:S, 0xd22000-0xd22fff:S, 0xd23000-0xd23fff:S, 0xd24000-0xd24fff:S, 0xd25000-0xd25fff:S, 0xd26000-0xd26fff:S, 0xd27000-0xd27fff:S, 0xd28000-0xd28fff:S, 0xd29000-0xd29fff:S, 0xd2a000-0xd2afff:S, 0xd2b000-0xd2bfff:S, 0xd2c000-0xd2cfff:S, 0xd2d000-0xd2dfff:S, 0xd2e000-0xd2efff:S, 0xd2f000-0xd2ffff:S, 0xd30000-0xd30fff:S, 0xd31000-0xd31fff:S, 0xd32000-0xd32fff:S, 0xd33000-0xd33fff:S, 0xd34000-0xd34fff:S, 0xd35000-0xd35fff:S, 0xd36000-0xd36fff:S, 0xd37000-0xd37fff:S, 0xd38000-0xd38fff:S, 0xd39000-0xd39fff:S, 0xd3a000-0xd3afff:S, 0xd3b000-0xd3bfff:S, 0xd3c000-0xd3cfff:S, 0xd3d000-0xd3dfff:S, 0xd3e000-0xd3efff:S, 0xd3f000-0xd3ffff:S, 0xd40000-0xd40fff:S, 0xd41000-0xd41fff:S, 0xd42000-0xd42fff:S, 0xd43000-0xd43fff:S, 0xd44000-0xd44fff:S, 0xd45000-0xd45fff:S, 0xd46000-0xd46fff:S, 0xd47000-0xd47fff:S, 0xd48000-0xd48fff:S, 0xd49000-0xd49fff:S, 0xd4a000-0xd4afff:S, 0xd4b000-0xd4bfff:S, 0xd4c000-0xd4cfff:S, 0xd4d000-0xd4dfff:S, 0xd4e000-0xd4efff:S, 0xd4f000-0xd4ffff:S, 0xd50000-0xd50fff:S, 0xd51000-0xd51fff:S, 0xd52000-0xd52fff:S, 0xd53000-0xd53fff:S, 0xd54000-0xd54fff:S, 0xd55000-0xd55fff:S, 0xd56000-0xd56fff:S, 0xd57000-0xd57fff:S, 0xd58000-0xd58fff:S, 0xd59000-0xd59fff:S, 0xd5a000-0xd5afff:S, 0xd5b000-0xd5bfff:S, 0xd5c000-0xd5cfff:S, 0xd5d000-0xd5dfff:S, 0xd5e000-0xd5efff:S, 0xd5f000-0xd5ffff:S, 0xd60000-0xd60fff:S, 0xd61000-0xd61fff:S, 0xd62000-0xd62fff:S, 0xd63000-0xd63fff:S, 0xd64000-0xd64fff:S, 0xd65000-0xd65fff:S, 0xd66000-0xd66fff:S, 0xd67000-0xd67fff:S, 0xd68000-0xd68fff:S, 0xd69000-0xd69fff:S, 0xd6a000-0xd6afff:S, 0xd6b000-0xd6bfff:S, 0xd6c000-0xd6cfff:S, 0xd6d000-0xd6dfff:S, 0xd6e000-0xd6efff:S, 0xd6f000-0xd6ffff:S, 0xd70000-0xd70fff:S, 0xd71000-0xd71fff:S, 0xd72000-0xd72fff:S, 0xd73000-0xd73fff:S, 0xd74000-0xd74fff:S, 0xd75000-0xd75fff:S, 0xd76000-0xd76fff:S, 0xd77000-0xd77fff:S, 0xd78000-0xd78fff:S, 0xd79000-0xd79fff:S, 0xd7a000-0xd7afff:S, 0xd7b000-0xd7bfff:S, 0xd7c000-0xd7cfff:S, 0xd7d000-0xd7dfff:S, 0xd7e000-0xd7efff:S, 0xd7f000-0xd7ffff:S, 0xd80000-0xd80fff:S, 0xd81000-0xd81fff:S, 0xd82000-0xd82fff:S, 0xd83000-0xd83fff:S, 0xd84000-0xd84fff:S, 0xd85000-0xd85fff:S, 0xd86000-0xd86fff:S, 0xd87000-0xd87fff:S, 0xd88000-0xd88fff:S, 0xd89000-0xd89fff:S, 0xd8a000-0xd8afff:S, 0xd8b000-0xd8bfff:S, 0xd8c000-0xd8cfff:S, 0xd8d000-0xd8dfff:S, 0xd8e000-0xd8efff:S, 0xd8f000-0xd8ffff:S, 0xd90000-0xd90fff:S, 0xd91000-0xd91fff:S, 0xd92000-0xd92fff:S, 0xd93000-0xd93fff:S, 0xd94000-0xd94fff:S, 0xd95000-0xd95fff:S, 0xd96000-0xd96fff:S, 0xd97000-0xd97fff:S, 0xd98000-0xd98fff:S, 0xd99000-0xd99fff:S, 0xd9a000-0xd9afff:S, 0xd9b000-0xd9bfff:S, 0xd9c000-0xd9cfff:S, 0xd9d000-0xd9dfff:S, 0xd9e000-0xd9efff:S, 0xd9f000-0xd9ffff:S, 0xda0000-0xda0fff:S, 0xda1000-0xda1fff:S, 0xda2000-0xda2fff:S, 0xda3000-0xda3fff:S, 0xda4000-0xda4fff:S, 0xda5000-0xda5fff:S, 0xda6000-0xda6fff:S, 0xda7000-0xda7fff:S, 0xda8000-0xda8fff:S, 0xda9000-0xda9fff:S, 0xdaa000-0xdaafff:S, 0xdab000-0xdabfff:S, 0xdac000-0xdacfff:S, 0xdad000-0xdadfff:S, 0xdae000-0xdaefff:S, 0xdaf000-0xdaffff:S, 0xdb0000-0xdb0fff:S, 0xdb1000-0xdb1fff:S, 0xdb2000-0xdb2fff:S, 0xdb3000-0xdb3fff:S, 0xdb4000-0xdb4fff:S, 0xdb5000-0xdb5fff:S, 0xdb6000-0xdb6fff:S, 0xdb7000-0xdb7fff:S, 0xdb8000-0xdb8fff:S, 0xdb9000-0xdb9fff:S, 0xdba000-0xdbafff:S, 0xdbb000-0xdbbfff:S, 0xdbc000-0xdbcfff:S, 0xdbd000-0xdbdfff:S, 0xdbe000-0xdbefff:S, 0xdbf000-0xdbffff:S, 0xdc0000-0xdc0fff:S, 0xdc1000-0xdc1fff:S, 0xdc2000-0xdc2fff:S, 0xdc3000-0xdc3fff:S, 0xdc4000-0xdc4fff:S, 0xdc5000-0xdc5fff:S, 0xdc6000-0xdc6fff:S, 0xdc7000-0xdc7fff:S, 0xdc8000-0xdc8fff:S, 0xdc9000-0xdc9fff:S, 0xdca000-0xdcafff:S, 0xdcb000-0xdcbfff:S, 0xdcc000-0xdccfff:S, 0xdcd000-0xdcdfff:S, 0xdce000-0xdcefff:S, 0xdcf000-0xdcffff:S, 0xdd0000-0xdd0fff:S, 0xdd1000-0xdd1fff:S, 0xdd2000-0xdd2fff:S, 0xdd3000-0xdd3fff:S, 0xdd4000-0xdd4fff:S, 0xdd5000-0xdd5fff:S, 0xdd6000-0xdd6fff:S, 0xdd7000-0xdd7fff:S, 0xdd8000-0xdd8fff:S, 0xdd9000-0xdd9fff:S, 0xdda000-0xddafff:S, 0xddb000-0xddbfff:S, 0xddc000-0xddcfff:S, 0xddd000-0xdddfff:S, 0xdde000-0xddefff:S, 0xddf000-0xddffff:S, 0xde0000-0xde0fff:S, 0xde1000-0xde1fff:S, 0xde2000-0xde2fff:S, 0xde3000-0xde3fff:S, 0xde4000-0xde4fff:S, 0xde5000-0xde5fff:S, 0xde6000-0xde6fff:S, 0xde7000-0xde7fff:S, 0xde8000-0xde8fff:S, 0xde9000-0xde9fff:S, 0xdea000-0xdeafff:S, 0xdeb000-0xdebfff:S, 0xdec000-0xdecfff:S, 0xded000-0xdedfff:S, 0xdee000-0xdeefff:S, 0xdef000-0xdeffff:S, 0xdf0000-0xdf0fff:S, 0xdf1000-0xdf1fff:S, 0xdf2000-0xdf2fff:S, 0xdf3000-0xdf3fff:S, 0xdf4000-0xdf4fff:S, 0xdf5000-0xdf5fff:S, 0xdf6000-0xdf6fff:S, 0xdf7000-0xdf7fff:S, 0xdf8000-0xdf8fff:S, 0xdf9000-0xdf9fff:S, 0xdfa000-0xdfafff:S, 0xdfb000-0xdfbfff:S, 0xdfc000-0xdfcfff:S, 0xdfd000-0xdfdfff:S, 0xdfe000-0xdfefff:S, 0xdff000-0xdfffff:S, 0xe00000-0xe00fff:S, 0xe01000-0xe01fff:S, 0xe02000-0xe02fff:S, 0xe03000-0xe03fff:S, 0xe04000-0xe04fff:S, 0xe05000-0xe05fff:S, 0xe06000-0xe06fff:S, 0xe07000-0xe07fff:S, 0xe08000-0xe08fff:S, 0xe09000-0xe09fff:S, 0xe0a000-0xe0afff:S, 0xe0b000-0xe0bfff:S, 0xe0c000-0xe0cfff:S, 0xe0d000-0xe0dfff:S, 0xe0e000-0xe0efff:S, 0xe0f000-0xe0ffff:S, 0xe10000-0xe10fff:S, 0xe11000-0xe11fff:S, 0xe12000-0xe12fff:S, 0xe13000-0xe13fff:S, 0xe14000-0xe14fff:S, 0xe15000-0xe15fff:S, 0xe16000-0xe16fff:S, 0xe17000-0xe17fff:S, 0xe18000-0xe18fff:S, 0xe19000-0xe19fff:S, 0xe1a000-0xe1afff:S, 0xe1b000-0xe1bfff:S, 0xe1c000-0xe1cfff:S, 0xe1d000-0xe1dfff:S, 0xe1e000-0xe1efff:S, 0xe1f000-0xe1ffff:S, 0xe20000-0xe20fff:S, 0xe21000-0xe21fff:S, 0xe22000-0xe22fff:S, 0xe23000-0xe23fff:S, 0xe24000-0xe24fff:S, 0xe25000-0xe25fff:S, 0xe26000-0xe26fff:S, 0xe27000-0xe27fff:S, 0xe28000-0xe28fff:S, 0xe29000-0xe29fff:S, 0xe2a000-0xe2afff:S, 0xe2b000-0xe2bfff:S, 0xe2c000-0xe2cfff:S, 0xe2d000-0xe2dfff:S, 0xe2e000-0xe2efff:S, 0xe2f000-0xe2ffff:S, 0xe30000-0xe30fff:S, 0xe31000-0xe31fff:S, 0xe32000-0xe32fff:S, 0xe33000-0xe33fff:S, 0xe34000-0xe34fff:S, 0xe35000-0xe35fff:S, 0xe36000-0xe36fff:S, 0xe37000-0xe37fff:S, 0xe38000-0xe38fff:S, 0xe39000-0xe39fff:S, 0xe3a000-0xe3afff:S, 0xe3b000-0xe3bfff:S, 0xe3c000-0xe3cfff:S, 0xe3d000-0xe3dfff:S, 0xe3e000-0xe3efff:S, 0xe3f000-0xe3ffff:S, 0xe40000-0xe40fff:S, 0xe41000-0xe41fff:S, 0xe42000-0xe42fff:S, 0xe43000-0xe43fff:S, 0xe44000-0xe44fff:S, 0xe45000-0xe45fff:S, 0xe46000-0xe46fff:S, 0xe47000-0xe47fff:S, 0xe48000-0xe48fff:S, 0xe49000-0xe49fff:S, 0xe4a000-0xe4afff:S, 0xe4b000-0xe4bfff:S, 0xe4c000-0xe4cfff:S, 0xe4d000-0xe4dfff:S, 0xe4e000-0xe4efff:S, 0xe4f000-0xe4ffff:S, 0xe50000-0xe50fff:S, 0xe51000-0xe51fff:S, 0xe52000-0xe52fff:S, 0xe53000-0xe53fff:S, 0xe54000-0xe54fff:S, 0xe55000-0xe55fff:S, 0xe56000-0xe56fff:S, 0xe57000-0xe57fff:S, 0xe58000-0xe58fff:S, 0xe59000-0xe59fff:S, 0xe5a000-0xe5afff:S, 0xe5b000-0xe5bfff:S, 0xe5c000-0xe5cfff:S, 0xe5d000-0xe5dfff:S, 0xe5e000-0xe5efff:S, 0xe5f000-0xe5ffff:S, 0xe60000-0xe60fff:S, 0xe61000-0xe61fff:S, 0xe62000-0xe62fff:S, 0xe63000-0xe63fff:S, 0xe64000-0xe64fff:S, 0xe65000-0xe65fff:S, 0xe66000-0xe66fff:S, 0xe67000-0xe67fff:S, 0xe68000-0xe68fff:S, 0xe69000-0xe69fff:S, 0xe6a000-0xe6afff:S, 0xe6b000-0xe6bfff:S, 0xe6c000-0xe6cfff:S, 0xe6d000-0xe6dfff:S, 0xe6e000-0xe6efff:S, 0xe6f000-0xe6ffff:S, 0xe70000-0xe70fff:S, 0xe71000-0xe71fff:S, 0xe72000-0xe72fff:S, 0xe73000-0xe73fff:S, 0xe74000-0xe74fff:S, 0xe75000-0xe75fff:S, 0xe76000-0xe76fff:S, 0xe77000-0xe77fff:S, 0xe78000-0xe78fff:S, 0xe79000-0xe79fff:S, 0xe7a000-0xe7afff:S, 0xe7b000-0xe7bfff:S, 0xe7c000-0xe7cfff:S, 0xe7d000-0xe7dfff:S, 0xe7e000-0xe7efff:S, 0xe7f000-0xe7ffff:S, 0xe80000-0xe80fff:S, 0xe81000-0xe81fff:S, 0xe82000-0xe82fff:S, 0xe83000-0xe83fff:S, 0xe84000-0xe84fff:S, 0xe85000-0xe85fff:S, 0xe86000-0xe86fff:S, 0xe87000-0xe87fff:S, 0xe88000-0xe88fff:S, 0xe89000-0xe89fff:S, 0xe8a000-0xe8afff:S, 0xe8b000-0xe8bfff:S, 0xe8c000-0xe8cfff:S, 0xe8d000-0xe8dfff:S, 0xe8e000-0xe8efff:S, 0xe8f000-0xe8ffff:S, 0xe90000-0xe90fff:S, 0xe91000-0xe91fff:S, 0xe92000-0xe92fff:S, 0xe93000-0xe93fff:S, 0xe94000-0xe94fff:S, 0xe95000-0xe95fff:S, 0xe96000-0xe96fff:S, 0xe97000-0xe97fff:S, 0xe98000-0xe98fff:S, 0xe99000-0xe99fff:S, 0xe9a000-0xe9afff:S, 0xe9b000-0xe9bfff:S, 0xe9c000-0xe9cfff:S, 0xe9d000-0xe9dfff:S, 0xe9e000-0xe9efff:S, 0xe9f000-0xe9ffff:S, 0xea0000-0xea0fff:S, 0xea1000-0xea1fff:S, 0xea2000-0xea2fff:S, 0xea3000-0xea3fff:S, 0xea4000-0xea4fff:S, 0xea5000-0xea5fff:S, 0xea6000-0xea6fff:S, 0xea7000-0xea7fff:S, 0xea8000-0xea8fff:S, 0xea9000-0xea9fff:S, 0xeaa000-0xeaafff:S, 0xeab000-0xeabfff:S, 0xeac000-0xeacfff:S, 0xead000-0xeadfff:S, 0xeae000-0xeaefff:S, 0xeaf000-0xeaffff:S, 0xeb0000-0xeb0fff:S, 0xeb1000-0xeb1fff:S, 0xeb2000-0xeb2fff:S, 0xeb3000-0xeb3fff:S, 0xeb4000-0xeb4fff:S, 0xeb5000-0xeb5fff:S, 0xeb6000-0xeb6fff:S, 0xeb7000-0xeb7fff:S, 0xeb8000-0xeb8fff:S, 0xeb9000-0xeb9fff:S, 0xeba000-0xebafff:S, 0xebb000-0xebbfff:S, 0xebc000-0xebcfff:S, 0xebd000-0xebdfff:S, 0xebe000-0xebefff:S, 0xebf000-0xebffff:S, 0xec0000-0xec0fff:S, 0xec1000-0xec1fff:S, 0xec2000-0xec2fff:S, 0xec3000-0xec3fff:S, 0xec4000-0xec4fff:S, 0xec5000-0xec5fff:S, 0xec6000-0xec6fff:S, 0xec7000-0xec7fff:S, 0xec8000-0xec8fff:S, 0xec9000-0xec9fff:S, 0xeca000-0xecafff:S, 0xecb000-0xecbfff:S, 0xecc000-0xeccfff:S, 0xecd000-0xecdfff:S, 0xece000-0xecefff:S, 0xecf000-0xecffff:S, 0xed0000-0xed0fff:S, 0xed1000-0xed1fff:S, 0xed2000-0xed2fff:S, 0xed3000-0xed3fff:S, 0xed4000-0xed4fff:S, 0xed5000-0xed5fff:S, 0xed6000-0xed6fff:S, 0xed7000-0xed7fff:S, 0xed8000-0xed8fff:S, 0xed9000-0xed9fff:S, 0xeda000-0xedafff:S, 0xedb000-0xedbfff:S, 0xedc000-0xedcfff:S, 0xedd000-0xeddfff:S, 0xede000-0xedefff:S, 0xedf000-0xedffff:S, 0xee0000-0xee0fff:S, 0xee1000-0xee1fff:S, 0xee2000-0xee2fff:S, 0xee3000-0xee3fff:S, 0xee4000-0xee4fff:S, 0xee5000-0xee5fff:S, 0xee6000-0xee6fff:S, 0xee7000-0xee7fff:S, 0xee8000-0xee8fff:S, 0xee9000-0xee9fff:S, 0xeea000-0xeeafff:S, 0xeeb000-0xeebfff:S, 0xeec000-0xeecfff:S, 0xeed000-0xeedfff:S, 0xeee000-0xeeefff:S, 0xeef000-0xeeffff:S, 0xef0000-0xef0fff:S, 0xef1000-0xef1fff:S, 0xef2000-0xef2fff:S, 0xef3000-0xef3fff:S, 0xef4000-0xef4fff:S, 0xef5000-0xef5fff:S, 0xef6000-0xef6fff:S, 0xef7000-0xef7fff:S, 0xef8000-0xef8fff:S, 0xef9000-0xef9fff:S, 0xefa000-0xefafff:S, 0xefb000-0xefbfff:S, 0xefc000-0xefcfff:S, 0xefd000-0xefdfff:S, 0xefe000-0xefefff:S, 0xeff000-0xefffff:S, 0xf00000-0xf00fff:S, 0xf01000-0xf01fff:S, 0xf02000-0xf02fff:S, 0xf03000-0xf03fff:S, 0xf04000-0xf04fff:S, 0xf05000-0xf05fff:S, 0xf06000-0xf06fff:S, 0xf07000-0xf07fff:S, 0xf08000-0xf08fff:S, 0xf09000-0xf09fff:S, 0xf0a000-0xf0afff:S, 0xf0b000-0xf0bfff:S, 0xf0c000-0xf0cfff:S, 0xf0d000-0xf0dfff:S, 0xf0e000-0xf0efff:S, 0xf0f000-0xf0ffff:S, 0xf10000-0xf10fff:S, 0xf11000-0xf11fff:S, 0xf12000-0xf12fff:S, 0xf13000-0xf13fff:S, 0xf14000-0xf14fff:S, 0xf15000-0xf15fff:S, 0xf16000-0xf16fff:S, 0xf17000-0xf17fff:S, 0xf18000-0xf18fff:S, 0xf19000-0xf19fff:S, 0xf1a000-0xf1afff:S, 0xf1b000-0xf1bfff:S, 0xf1c000-0xf1cfff:S, 0xf1d000-0xf1dfff:S, 0xf1e000-0xf1efff:S, 0xf1f000-0xf1ffff:S, 0xf20000-0xf20fff:S, 0xf21000-0xf21fff:S, 0xf22000-0xf22fff:S, 0xf23000-0xf23fff:S, 0xf24000-0xf24fff:S, 0xf25000-0xf25fff:S, 0xf26000-0xf26fff:S, 0xf27000-0xf27fff:S, 0xf28000-0xf28fff:S, 0xf29000-0xf29fff:S, 0xf2a000-0xf2afff:S, 0xf2b000-0xf2bfff:S, 0xf2c000-0xf2cfff:S, 0xf2d000-0xf2dfff:S, 0xf2e000-0xf2efff:S, 0xf2f000-0xf2ffff:S, 0xf30000-0xf30fff:S, 0xf31000-0xf31fff:S, 0xf32000-0xf32fff:S, 0xf33000-0xf33fff:S, 0xf34000-0xf34fff:S, 0xf35000-0xf35fff:S, 0xf36000-0xf36fff:S, 0xf37000-0xf37fff:S, 0xf38000-0xf38fff:S, 0xf39000-0xf39fff:S, 0xf3a000-0xf3afff:S, 0xf3b000-0xf3bfff:S, 0xf3c000-0xf3cfff:S, 0xf3d000-0xf3dfff:S, 0xf3e000-0xf3efff:S, 0xf3f000-0xf3ffff:S, 0xf40000-0xf40fff:S, 0xf41000-0xf41fff:S, 0xf42000-0xf42fff:S, 0xf43000-0xf43fff:S, 0xf44000-0xf44fff:S, 0xf45000-0xf45fff:S, 0xf46000-0xf46fff:S, 0xf47000-0xf47fff:S, 0xf48000-0xf48fff:S, 0xf49000-0xf49fff:S, 0xf4a000-0xf4afff:S, 0xf4b000-0xf4bfff:S, 0xf4c000-0xf4cfff:S, 0xf4d000-0xf4dfff:S, 0xf4e000-0xf4efff:S, 0xf4f000-0xf4ffff:S, 0xf50000-0xf50fff:S, 0xf51000-0xf51fff:S, 0xf52000-0xf52fff:S, 0xf53000-0xf53fff:S, 0xf54000-0xf54fff:S, 0xf55000-0xf55fff:S, 0xf56000-0xf56fff:S, 0xf57000-0xf57fff:S, 0xf58000-0xf58fff:S, 0xf59000-0xf59fff:S, 0xf5a000-0xf5afff:S, 0xf5b000-0xf5bfff:S, 0xf5c000-0xf5cfff:S, 0xf5d000-0xf5dfff:S, 0xf5e000-0xf5efff:S, 0xf5f000-0xf5ffff:S, 0xf60000-0xf60fff:S, 0xf61000-0xf61fff:S, 0xf62000-0xf62fff:S, 0xf63000-0xf63fff:S, 0xf64000-0xf64fff:S, 0xf65000-0xf65fff:S, 0xf66000-0xf66fff:S, 0xf67000-0xf67fff:S, 0xf68000-0xf68fff:S, 0xf69000-0xf69fff:S, 0xf6a000-0xf6afff:S, 0xf6b000-0xf6bfff:S, 0xf6c000-0xf6cfff:S, 0xf6d000-0xf6dfff:S, 0xf6e000-0xf6efff:S, 0xf6f000-0xf6ffff:S, 0xf70000-0xf70fff:S, 0xf71000-0xf71fff:S, 0xf72000-0xf72fff:S, 0xf73000-0xf73fff:S, 0xf74000-0xf74fff:S, 0xf75000-0xf75fff:S, 0xf76000-0xf76fff:S, 0xf77000-0xf77fff:S, 0xf78000-0xf78fff:S, 0xf79000-0xf79fff:S, 0xf7a000-0xf7afff:S, 0xf7b000-0xf7bfff:S, 0xf7c000-0xf7cfff:S, 0xf7d000-0xf7dfff:S, 0xf7e000-0xf7efff:S, 0xf7f000-0xf7ffff:S, 0xf80000-0xf80fff:S, 0xf81000-0xf81fff:S, 0xf82000-0xf82fff:S, 0xf83000-0xf83fff:S, 0xf84000-0xf84fff:S, 0xf85000-0xf85fff:S, 0xf86000-0xf86fff:S, 0xf87000-0xf87fff:S, 0xf88000-0xf88fff:S, 0xf89000-0xf89fff:S, 0xf8a000-0xf8afff:S, 0xf8b000-0xf8bfff:S, 0xf8c000-0xf8cfff:S, 0xf8d000-0xf8dfff:S, 0xf8e000-0xf8efff:S, 0xf8f000-0xf8ffff:S, 0xf90000-0xf90fff:S, 0xf91000-0xf91fff:S, 0xf92000-0xf92fff:S, 0xf93000-0xf93fff:S, 0xf94000-0xf94fff:S, 0xf95000-0xf95fff:S, 0xf96000-0xf96fff:S, 0xf97000-0xf97fff:S, 0xf98000-0xf98fff:S, 0xf99000-0xf99fff:S, 0xf9a000-0xf9afff:S, 0xf9b000-0xf9bfff:S, 0xf9c000-0xf9cfff:S, 0xf9d000-0xf9dfff:S, 0xf9e000-0xf9efff:S, 0xf9f000-0xf9ffff:S, 0xfa0000-0xfa0fff:S, 0xfa1000-0xfa1fff:S, 0xfa2000-0xfa2fff:S, 0xfa3000-0xfa3fff:S, 0xfa4000-0xfa4fff:S, 0xfa5000-0xfa5fff:S, 0xfa6000-0xfa6fff:S, 0xfa7000-0xfa7fff:S, 0xfa8000-0xfa8fff:S, 0xfa9000-0xfa9fff:S, 0xfaa000-0xfaafff:S, 0xfab000-0xfabfff:S, 0xfac000-0xfacfff:S, 0xfad000-0xfadfff:S, 0xfae000-0xfaefff:S, 0xfaf000-0xfaffff:S, 0xfb0000-0xfb0fff:S, 0xfb1000-0xfb1fff:S, 0xfb2000-0xfb2fff:S, 0xfb3000-0xfb3fff:S, 0xfb4000-0xfb4fff:S, 0xfb5000-0xfb5fff:S, 0xfb6000-0xfb6fff:S, 0xfb7000-0xfb7fff:S, 0xfb8000-0xfb8fff:S, 0xfb9000-0xfb9fff:S, 0xfba000-0xfbafff:S, 0xfbb000-0xfbbfff:S, 0xfbc000-0xfbcfff:S, 0xfbd000-0xfbdfff:S, 0xfbe000-0xfbefff:S, 0xfbf000-0xfbffff:S, 0xfc0000-0xfc0fff:S, 0xfc1000-0xfc1fff:S, 0xfc2000-0xfc2fff:S, 0xfc3000-0xfc3fff:S, 0xfc4000-0xfc4fff:S, 0xfc5000-0xfc5fff:S, 0xfc6000-0xfc6fff:S, 0xfc7000-0xfc7fff:S, 0xfc8000-0xfc8fff:S, 0xfc9000-0xfc9fff:S, 0xfca000-0xfcafff:S, 0xfcb000-0xfcbfff:S, 0xfcc000-0xfccfff:S, 0xfcd000-0xfcdfff:S, 0xfce000-0xfcefff:S, 0xfcf000-0xfcffff:S, 0xfd0000-0xfd0fff:S, 0xfd1000-0xfd1fff:S, 0xfd2000-0xfd2fff:S, 0xfd3000-0xfd3fff:S, 0xfd4000-0xfd4fff:S, 0xfd5000-0xfd5fff:S, 0xfd6000-0xfd6fff:S, 0xfd7000-0xfd7fff:S, 0xfd8000-0xfd8fff:S, 0xfd9000-0xfd9fff:S, 0xfda000-0xfdafff:S, 0xfdb000-0xfdbfff:S, 0xfdc000-0xfdcfff:S, 0xfdd000-0xfddfff:S, 0xfde000-0xfdefff:S, 0xfdf000-0xfdffff:S, 0xfe0000-0xfe0fff:S, 0xfe1000-0xfe1fff:S, 0xfe2000-0xfe2fff:S, 0xfe3000-0xfe3fff:S, 0xfe4000-0xfe4fff:S, 0xfe5000-0xfe5fff:S, 0xfe6000-0xfe6fff:S, 0xfe7000-0xfe7fff:S, 0xfe8000-0xfe8fff:S, 0xfe9000-0xfe9fff:S, 0xfea000-0xfeafff:S, 0xfeb000-0xfebfff:S, 0xfec000-0xfecfff:S, 0xfed000-0xfedfff:S, 0xfee000-0xfeefff:S, 0xfef000-0xfeffff:S, 0xff0000-0xff0fff:S, 0xff1000-0xff1fff:S, 0xff2000-0xff2fff:S, 0xff3000-0xff3fff:S, 0xff4000-0xff4fff:S, 0xff5000-0xff5fff:S, 0xff6000-0xff6fff:S, 0xff7000-0xff7fff:S, 0xff8000-0xff8fff:S, 0xff9000-0xff9fff:S, 0xffa000-0xffafff:S, 0xffb000-0xffbfff:S, 0xffc000-0xffcfff:S, 0xffd000-0xffdfff:S, 0xffe000-0xffefff:S, 0xfff000-0xffffff:S Erase/write done.

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Re: [flashrom] asus P4P800MX error flash
by Stefan Tauner 12 Jun '16

12 Jun '16

Hello, in case you did not do so yet, please write back your backup. I am not exactly sure what went wrong in your case. The bad timing might be part of the problem. Do you run some additional programs that heavily use the CPU while running flashrom? Can you please provide a verbose flashrom log while it is probing only (by adding "-o logfile.txt" to the command line) and please also provide the output of "lspci -nnv". -- Kind regards/Mit freundlichen Grüßen, Stefan Tauner

2 1

Problems with CH341A
by potato 12 Jun '16

12 Jun '16

Anybody here have ever used a CH341A with a MX25L6405D? (my English is not very good, it may sound a little weird) I'm having problems because it can't find the MX25L6405D. I know that the programmer works, since I was able to make goods dumps of a MX25L8006 that was on a old router, but I was not able to detect a MX25L6405D that was on my Thinkpad X200 (it could not even find a chip). I know it is not a problem with the SOIC16 clip that I used since I was able to use it on a rayer_spi device. I not really sure if this is correct but, I saw that could be a bug on the code of the program that the CH341A port was based on: https://blog.danman.eu/ch341a-usb-serial-eeprom-reader-under-linux/ I still didn't tried this version of the ch341prog because right now i don't have the time, but I will do eventually. I used the 0.9.9 of flashrom. Sorry if I caused any problems, Potato

3 3

[PATCH] Fix M25P05
by serge 11 Jun '16

11 Jun '16

With this patch M25P05 chip was sucessfully tested (full read/erase/write) Signed-off-by: Serge Vasilugin <vasilugin(a)yandex.ru> --- flashchips.h.orig +++ flashchips.h @@ -748,9 +748,9 @@ */ #define ST_ID 0x20 /* ST / SGS/Thomson / Numonyx (later acquired by Micron) */ #define ST_M25P05A 0x2010 -#define ST_M25P05_RES 0x10 /* Same code as M25P10. */ +#define ST_M25P05_RES 0x05 #define ST_M25P10A 0x2011 -#define ST_M25P10_RES 0x10 /* Same code as M25P05. */ +#define ST_M25P10_RES 0x10 #define ST_M25P20 0x2012 #define ST_M25P20_RES 0x11 #define ST_M25P40 0x2013

3 3

FAILED: Bus Pirate v3.a
by Sergio 11 Jun '16

11 Jun '16

Hi. When trying to delete or rewrite the flash I'm getting following: ================================================== Found Macronix flash chip "MX25L3205" (4096 kB, SPI) on buspirate_spi. Erasing and writing flash chip... Trying erase function 0... 0x000000-0x000fff:EERASE FAILED at 0x00000000! Expected=0xff, Read=0x00, failed byte count from 0x00000000-0x00000fff: 0x1000 ERASE FAILED! Reading current flash chip contents... done. Looking for another erase function. Trying erase function 1... 0x000000-0x000fff:EERASE FAILED at 0x00000000! Expected=0xff, Read=0x00, failed byte count from 0x00000000-0x00000fff: 0x1000 ERASE FAILED! Reading current flash chip contents... done. Looking for another erase function. Trying erase function 2... 0x000000-0x3fffff:EERASE FAILED at 0x00000000! Expected=0xff, Read=0x00, failed byte count from 0x00000000-0x003fffff: 0x400000 ERASE FAILED! Reading current flash chip contents... done. Looking for another erase function. Trying erase function 3... 0x000000-0x3fffff:EERASE FAILED at 0x00000000! Expected=0xff, Read=0x00, failed byte count from 0x00000000-0x003fffff: 0x400000 ERASE FAILED! Looking for another erase function. No usable erase functions left. FAILED! Your flash chip is in an unknown state. ================================================== Any help or suggestion? SPI Programmer: Bus Pirate v3.a Firmware v6.2-beta1 r1981 Bootloader v4.4 Cheers.

1 0

Re: [flashrom] Programming N25Q256 ?
by Cédric Le Goater 11 Jun '16

11 Jun '16

Hi, On 03/31/2016 01:11 AM, David Hendricks wrote: > On Wed, Mar 30, 2016 at 3:14 PM, Steve Miller <stevem(a)tanisys.com <mailto:stevem@tanisys.com>> wrote: > > Hi,____ > > __ __ > > I have the code built and running on a Raspberry PI. Unfortunately, the target part I am trying to program is a Micron N25Q256. I don’t see that part in the list. When I execute the program with –VV it seems to scan lots of devices. I see activity on CLK, CS, MOSI with an oscilloscope. But MISO remains logic low. When the program terminates, it just tells me No EEPROM/Flash device found.____ > > __ __ > > Stupid Noob Questions:____ > > __1. __ Is the static level on MISO to be expected? Or should it at least toggle? > > You should definitely see some activity on MISO. Flashrom sends identification instructions (RDID, REMS, etc) to the chip and the chip should respond with its JEDEC-assigned manufacturer ID and vendor-specific device info. > > That said, the N25Q256 is not currently added in upstream flashrom. There is limited support in the Chromium branch, though. > > ____ > > __2. __ Is there any hope with this device? Can I perhaps force it to think the chip is smaller? > > Yep, that's what we currently do in the Chromium branch*. The chip uses 24-bit addresses unless either a bit in a nonvolatile config register is set or alternate instructions which accept 32-bit addresses are used. > > *Full 4-byte address support should be ready soon, I just need to find a few spare cycles to finish up what I have written... Is that any time soon ? Need some spare cycle ? Boris Baykov already proposed a 4B patchset some time ago which I have been maintaining for the N25Q256. Here is the port : https://github.com/legoater/flashrom/commits/0.9.9-n25q256 Cheers, C. > -- > David Hendricks (dhendrix) > Systems Software Engineer, Google Inc. > > > _______________________________________________ > flashrom mailing list > flashrom(a)flashrom.org > https://www.flashrom.org/mailman/listinfo/flashrom >

1 0

BIOS. Read failed. Transaction error.
by thirumalai kumar 09 Jun '16

09 Jun '16

Hi, I am trying to update BIOS using flashrom in linux. This is Intel haswell board. i am trying to read the chipset name and download the existing BIOS image to verify whether flashrom is supported on this board or not. After this i am planning to use flashrom to upgrade BIOS on this. But the read operation itself is failing. Attached the log. *./flashrom -p internal* *Calibrating delay loop... OK.* *Found chipset "Intel C610/X99 (Wellsburg)".* *This chipset is marked as untested. If you are using an up-to-date version* *of flashrom *and* were (not) able to successfully update your firmware with it,* *then please email a report to flashrom(a)flashrom.org <flashrom(a)flashrom.org> including a verbose (-V) log.* *Thank you!* *Enabling flash write... Warning: BIOS region SMM protection is enabled!* *Warning: Setting Bios Control at 0xdc from 0x2a to 0x09 failed.* *New value is 0x2b.* *Warning: SPI Configuration Lockdown activated.* *FREG2: Warning: Management Engine region (0x00011000-0x007fffff) is locked.* *Not all flash regions are freely accessible by flashrom. This is most likely* *due to an active ME. Please see https://flashrom.org/ME <https://flashrom.org/ME> for details.* *Writes have been disabled for safety reasons. You can enforce write* *support with the ich_spi_force programmer option, but you will most likely* *harm your hardware! If you force flashrom you will get no support if* *something breaks. On a few mainboards it is possible to enable write* *access by setting a jumper (see its documentation or the board itself).* *OK.* *Found Winbond flash chip "W25Q128.V" (16384 kB, SPI) mapped at physical address 0xff000000.* *No operations were specified.* The log for BIOS f/w download operation. *./flashrom -p internal -r bios_backup.bin* *flashrom v0.9.9-r1955 on Linux 2.6.32-573.el6.x86_64 (x86_64)* *flashrom is free software, get the source code at https://flashrom.org <https://flashrom.org>* *Calibrating delay loop... OK.* *Found chipset "Intel C610/X99 (Wellsburg)".* *This chipset is marked as untested. If you are using an up-to-date version* *of flashrom *and* were (not) able to successfully update your firmware with it,* *then please email a report to flashrom(a)flashrom.org <flashrom(a)flashrom.org> including a verbose (-V) log.* *Thank you!* *Enabling flash write... Warning: BIOS region SMM protection is enabled!* *Warning: Setting Bios Control at 0xdc from 0x2a to 0x09 failed.* *New value is 0x2b.* *Warning: SPI Configuration Lockdown activated.* *FREG2: Warning: Management Engine region (0x00011000-0x007fffff) is locked.* *Not all flash regions are freely accessible by flashrom. This is most likely* *due to an active ME. Please see https://flashrom.org/ME <https://flashrom.org/ME> for details.* *Writes have been disabled for safety reasons. You can enforce write* *support with the ich_spi_force programmer option, but you will most likely* *harm your hardware! If you force flashrom you will get no support if* *something breaks. On a few mainboards it is possible to enable write* *access by setting a jumper (see its documentation or the board itself).* *OK.* *Found Winbond flash chip "W25Q128.V" (16384 kB, SPI) mapped at physical address 0xff000000.* *Reading flash... Transaction error!* *Read operation failed!* *FAILED.* Is the read operation failing due to the presence of ME region? Do i need to use vendor provided flasher utility to upgrade BIOS? Thanks in advance. -Thiru

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