Hi, > The conclusion is that the main bottleneck to boot QEMU is fw_cfg. https://www.kraxel.org/cgit/qemu/log/?h=rebase/fw-cfg-dma-wip Some experimental (and untested) bits implementing a dma interface for fw_cfg (also some unrelated fw_cfg stuff). You might want try wire that up for x86 and see how it speeds up things ... cheers, Gerd