[flashrom] [PATCH 03/14] Add functions to read/erase/write/verify by layout
Nico Huber
nico.huber at secunet.com
Wed May 4 13:51:35 CEST 2016
Inspired by Lynxis' related work, this implements a foundation for
layout based flash access.
All operations iterate over the given layout regions. Erase and write
then walk, per region, over all erase blocks in an inner loop (which
might not be what we want, see note on optimization below). Special care
has been taken that flash content is merged properly, in case an erase
block is only partially covered by a layout region or even affects mul-
tiple regions.
A note on performance: In the case an erase block affects multiple
regions, it will probably be read, erased and written for each region.
Another approach would be to walk all erase blocks once and check for
each erase block which regions it touches (i.e. for each erase block,
merge data pontentially from the flash and all layout regions, then
flash the combined data). That might result in cleaner code. I haven't
tried it yet, though.
Signed-off-by: Nico Huber <nico.huber at secunet.com>
---
flash.h | 1 +
flashrom.c | 326 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
2 files changed, 327 insertions(+)
diff --git a/flash.h b/flash.h
index bf381cf..be1134a 100644
--- a/flash.h
+++ b/flash.h
@@ -216,6 +216,7 @@ struct flashctx {
uintptr_t physical_registers;
chipaddr virtual_registers;
struct registered_master *mst;
+ const struct fl_layout *layout;
};
/* Timing used in probe routines. ZERO is -2 to differentiate between an unset
diff --git a/flashrom.c b/flashrom.c
index 25e53f2..a0948b9 100644
--- a/flashrom.c
+++ b/flashrom.c
@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@
* Copyright (C) 2004 Tyan Corp <yhlu at tyan.com>
* Copyright (C) 2005-2008 coresystems GmbH
* Copyright (C) 2008,2009 Carl-Daniel Hailfinger
+ * Copyright (C) 2016 secunet Security Networks AG
+ * (Written by Nico Huber <nico.huber at secunet.com> for secunet)
*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -1640,6 +1642,330 @@ int erase_and_write_flash(struct flashctx *flash, uint8_t *oldcontents, uint8_t
return ret;
}
+/** @private */
+static const struct fl_layout *get_layout(const struct flashctx *const flashctx,
+ struct fl_layout_single *const fallback)
+{
+ if (flashctx->layout && flashctx->layout->num_entries)
+ return flashctx->layout;
+
+ fallback->base.entries = &fallback->entry;
+ fallback->base.num_entries = 1;
+ fallback->entry.start = 0;
+ fallback->entry.end = flashctx->chip->total_size * 1024 - 1;
+ fallback->entry.included = true;
+ strcpy(fallback->entry.name, "complete flash");
+ return &fallback->base;
+}
+
+/**
+ * @brief Reads the included layout regions into a buffer.
+ *
+ * If there is no layout set in the given flash context, the whole chip will
+ * be read.
+ *
+ * @param flashctx Flash context to be used.
+ * @param buffer Buffer of full chip size to read into.
+ * @return 0 on success,
+ * 1 if any read fails.
+ */
+static int read_by_layout(struct flashctx *const flashctx, void *const buffer)
+{
+ struct fl_layout_single fallback_layout;
+ const struct fl_layout *const layout = get_layout(flashctx, &fallback_layout);
+
+ size_t i;
+ for (i = 0; i < layout->num_entries; ++i) {
+ if (!layout->entries[i].included)
+ continue;
+
+ const chipoff_t region_start = layout->entries[i].start;
+ const chipsize_t region_len = layout->entries[i].end - layout->entries[i].start + 1;
+
+ if (flashctx->chip->read(flashctx, buffer + region_start, region_start, region_len))
+ return 1;
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+typedef int (*erasefn_t)(struct flashctx *, unsigned int addr, unsigned int len);
+struct walk_info {
+ uint8_t *curcontents;
+ const uint8_t *newcontents;
+ unsigned int region_start;
+ unsigned int region_end;
+ unsigned int erase_start;
+ unsigned int erase_end;
+};
+typedef int (*per_blockfn_t)(struct flashctx *, const struct walk_info *, erasefn_t);
+
+/** @private */
+static int walk_eraseblocks(struct flashctx *const flashctx,
+ struct walk_info *const info,
+ const int erasefunction, per_blockfn_t per_blockfn)
+{
+ int ret;
+ int i, j;
+ bool first = true;
+ struct block_eraser *const eraser = &flashctx->chip->block_erasers[erasefunction];
+
+ info->erase_start = 0;
+ for (i = 0; i < NUM_ERASEREGIONS; i++) {
+ /* count==0 for all automatically initialized array
+ * members so the loop below won't be executed for them.
+ */
+ for (j = 0; j < eraser->eraseblocks[i].count; ++j, info->erase_start = info->erase_end + 1) {
+ info->erase_end = info->erase_start + eraser->eraseblocks[i].size - 1;
+
+ /* Skip any eraseblock that is completely outside the current region. */
+ if (info->erase_end < info->region_start || info->region_end < info->erase_start)
+ continue;
+
+ /* Print this for every block except the first one. */
+ if (first)
+ first = false;
+ else
+ msg_cdbg(", ");
+ msg_cdbg("0x%06x-0x%06x:", info->erase_start, info->erase_end);
+
+ ret = per_blockfn(flashctx, info, eraser->block_erase);
+ if (ret)
+ return ret;
+ }
+ }
+ msg_cdbg("\n");
+ return 0;
+}
+
+/** @private */
+static int walk_by_layout(struct flashctx *const flashctx, struct walk_info *const info,
+ per_blockfn_t per_blockfn)
+{
+ struct fl_layout_single fallback_layout;
+ const struct fl_layout *const layout = get_layout(flashctx, &fallback_layout);
+
+ all_skipped = true;
+ msg_cinfo("Erasing and writing flash chip... ");
+
+ size_t i;
+ for (i = 0; i < layout->num_entries; ++i) {
+ if (!layout->entries[i].included)
+ continue;
+
+ info->region_start = layout->entries[i].start;
+ info->region_end = layout->entries[i].end;
+
+ size_t j;
+ int ret = 1;
+ for (j = 0; j < NUM_ERASEFUNCTIONS; ++j) {
+ if (j != 0)
+ msg_cinfo("Looking for another erase function.\n");
+ msg_cdbg("Trying erase function %zi... ", j);
+ if (check_block_eraser(flashctx, j, 1))
+ continue;
+
+ ret = walk_eraseblocks(flashctx, info, j, per_blockfn);
+ if (ret != 1)
+ break;
+
+ if (info->curcontents) {
+ msg_cinfo("Reading current flash chip contents... ");
+ if (read_by_layout(flashctx, info->curcontents)) {
+ /* Now we are truly screwed. Read failed as well. */
+ msg_cerr("Can't read anymore! Aborting.\n");
+ /* We have no idea about the flash chip contents, so
+ * retrying with another erase function is pointless.
+ */
+ ret = 2;
+ break;
+ }
+ msg_cinfo("done. ");
+ }
+ }
+ if (ret == 1)
+ msg_cinfo("No usable erase functions left.\n");
+ if (ret) {
+ msg_cerr("FAILED!\n");
+ return 1;
+ }
+ }
+ if (all_skipped)
+ msg_cinfo("\nWarning: Chip content is identical to the requested image.\n");
+ msg_cinfo("Erase/write done.\n");
+ return 0;
+}
+
+/** @private */
+static int erase_block(struct flashctx *const flashctx, const struct walk_info *const info, erasefn_t erasefn)
+{
+ const unsigned int erase_len = info->erase_end + 1 - info->erase_start;
+
+ all_skipped = false;
+
+ msg_cdbg("E");
+ if (erasefn(flashctx, info->erase_start, erase_len))
+ return 1;
+ if (check_erased_range(flashctx, info->erase_start, erase_len)) {
+ msg_cerr("ERASE FAILED!\n");
+ return 1;
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * @brief Erases the included layout regions.
+ *
+ * If there is no layout set in the given flash context, the whole chip will
+ * be erased.
+ *
+ * @param flashctx Flash context to be used.
+ * @param buffer Buffer of full chip size to read into.
+ * @return 0 on success,
+ * 1 if all available erase functions failed.
+ */
+static int erase_by_layout(struct flashctx *const flashctx)
+{
+ struct walk_info info = { 0 };
+ return walk_by_layout(flashctx, &info, erase_block);
+}
+
+/** @private */
+static int read_erase_write_block(struct flashctx *const flashctx,
+ const struct walk_info *const info, erasefn_t erasefn)
+{
+ const unsigned int erase_len = info->erase_end + 1 - info->erase_start;
+ const bool region_unaligned = info->region_start > info->erase_start ||
+ info->erase_end > info->region_end;
+ const uint8_t *newcontents = NULL;
+ int ret = 2;
+ /*
+ * Merge current flash contents into new buffer if the region is not erase-block
+ * aligned.
+ * Note: We can not use newcontents here as this erase block might overlap
+ * other regions as well. So we would invalidate data to be written there.
+ */
+ if (region_unaligned) {
+ msg_cdbg("R");
+ uint8_t *const newc = malloc(erase_len);
+ if (!newc) {
+ msg_cerr("Out of memory!\n");
+ return 1;
+ }
+ memcpy(newc, info->newcontents + info->erase_start, erase_len);
+ if (info->region_start > info->erase_start &&
+ flashctx->chip->read(flashctx, newc,
+ info->erase_start, info->region_start - info->erase_start)) {
+ msg_cerr("Can't read! Aborting.\n");
+ goto _free_ret;
+ }
+ if (info->erase_end > info->region_end &&
+ flashctx->chip->read(flashctx, newc - info->erase_start + info->region_end + 1,
+ info->region_end + 1, info->erase_end - info->region_end)) {
+ msg_cerr("Can't read! Aborting.\n");
+ goto _free_ret;
+ }
+ newcontents = newc;
+ } else {
+ newcontents = info->newcontents + info->erase_start;
+ }
+
+ ret = 1;
+ bool skipped = true;
+ uint8_t *const curcontents = info->curcontents + info->erase_start;
+ if (need_erase(curcontents, newcontents, erase_len, flashctx->chip->gran)) {
+ if (erase_block(flashctx, info, erasefn))
+ goto _free_ret;
+ /* Erase was successful. Adjust curcontents. */
+ memset(curcontents, 0xff, erase_len);
+ skipped = false;
+ }
+
+ unsigned int starthere = 0, lenhere = 0, writecount = 0;
+ /* get_next_write() sets starthere to a new value after the call. */
+ while ((lenhere = get_next_write(curcontents + starthere, newcontents + starthere,
+ erase_len - starthere, &starthere, flashctx->chip->gran))) {
+ if (!writecount++)
+ msg_cdbg("W");
+ /* Needs the partial write function signature. */
+ if (flashctx->chip->write(flashctx, newcontents + starthere,
+ info->erase_start + starthere, lenhere))
+ goto _free_ret;
+ starthere += lenhere;
+ skipped = false;
+ }
+ if (skipped)
+ msg_cdbg("S");
+ else
+ all_skipped = false;
+
+ /* Update curcontents, other regions with overlapping erase blocks
+ might rely on this. */
+ memcpy(curcontents, newcontents, erase_len);
+ ret = 0;
+
+_free_ret:
+ if (region_unaligned)
+ free((void *)newcontents);
+ return ret;
+}
+
+/**
+ * @brief Writes the included layout regions from a given image.
+ *
+ * If there is no layout set in the given flash context, the whole image
+ * will be written.
+ *
+ * @param flashctx Flash context to be used.
+ * @param curcontents A buffer of full chip size with current chip contents of included regions.
+ * @param newcontents The new image to be written.
+ * @return 0 on success,
+ * 1 if anything has gone wrong.
+ */
+static int write_by_layout(struct flashctx *const flashctx,
+ void *const curcontents, const void *const newcontents)
+{
+ struct walk_info info;
+ info.curcontents = curcontents;
+ info.newcontents = newcontents;
+ return walk_by_layout(flashctx, &info, read_erase_write_block);
+}
+
+/**
+ * @brief Compares the included layout regions with content from a buffer.
+ *
+ * If there is no layout set in the given flash context, the whole chip's
+ * contents will be compared.
+ *
+ * @param flashctx Flash context to be used.
+ * @param curcontents A buffer of full chip size to read current chip contents into.
+ * @param newcontents The new image to compare to.
+ * @return 0 on success,
+ * 1 if reading failed,
+ * 3 if the contents don't match.
+ */
+static int verify_by_layout(struct flashctx *const flashctx,
+ void *const curcontents, const void *const newcontents)
+{
+ struct fl_layout_single fallback_layout;
+ const struct fl_layout *const layout = get_layout(flashctx, &fallback_layout);
+
+ size_t i;
+ for (i = 0; i < layout->num_entries; ++i) {
+ if (!layout->entries[i].included)
+ continue;
+
+ const chipoff_t region_start = layout->entries[i].start;
+ const chipsize_t region_len = layout->entries[i].end - layout->entries[i].start + 1;
+
+ if (flashctx->chip->read(flashctx, curcontents + region_start, region_start, region_len))
+ return 1;
+ if (compare_range(newcontents + region_start, curcontents + region_start,
+ region_start, region_len))
+ return 3;
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
static void nonfatal_help_message(void)
{
msg_gerr("Good, writing to the flash chip apparently didn't do anything.\n");
--
2.7.0
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